Farmer's Market (Vienna)
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| Basic data | |
| place | Vienna, inner city |
| District | Inner City (1st District) |
| Created | in the 13th century |
| Newly designed | 1844, 1913 |
| Hist. Names | Münzerstraße, Hühnergasse, Taschnergässel, old farmers' market |
| Connecting roads | Freisingergasse |
| Cross streets | Jasomirgottstraße, Brandstätte , Landskrongasse, Ertlgasse , Lichtensteg, Fischhof, meat market |
| Places | High market |
| Buildings | Zacherlhaus , anchor clock |
| use | |
| User groups | Car traffic , pedestrians |
| Road design | one way street |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | approx. 350 meters |
The farmers' market is a street in Vienna's 1st district , the inner city . The name has been in use since the 16th century. The alley has grown together from several older alleys and has existed in its current length since 1913.
history
The farmers' market was originally a traffic route that connected the Petersfreithof with the Hohe Markt . The name Münzerstraße is documented in 1302 for the section between Freisingergasse and Landskrongasse , because the trade of the people of Münz was carried out in the striking room in today's Landskrongasse. (Münzerstraße still appeared on the Vasquez city map around 1830. ) Between 1547 and 1848, only the section between Brandstätte and Landskrongasse was called Münzerstraße or Münzergasse , while the southernmost part between Freisingergasse and Brandstätte was called the farmers 'market and in 1710 the old farmers' market . At the pawrnmarkt , first mentioned in 1440, farmers from the area around Vienna sold their products themselves. In the 16th century, these were mainly milk, cheese, lard, cabbage and grapes. At the beginning of the 18th century, when the farmers were assigned other places for their direct sales, the name farmers' market continued to be used for the street.
The section between Landskrongasse and Hohem Markt or Lichtensteg originally forked into two streets, which were separated by a block with seven small houses. The western, leading to the high Marktgasse than 1,291 Hühnerbühl to 1300 as chicken Lucke , 1360 as Gässlein on Hühnerbühl and 1371 or even 1527 as Hühnergässel been known. In 1509 and 1664 people also spoke of Sulzgässel , in 1701 and still in 1827 the little street was called Hühnergasse . Chickens and brawn were sold here, the name Bühl refers to a small elevation.
The alley to the east was called Refellucke in 1369 , because the Refler (shoe repairer) lived here. Since they did not move to Irisgasse long afterwards, the name Unter den Taschnern appears as early as 1388 , because this trade was practiced on Lichtensteg. In 1461 the street was then called Taschnergässel ; the name appeared on the city map around 1830. In 1844, the houses between Hühnergasse and Taschnergässel were torn down, Taschnergässel was built, Hühnergasse was widened and from then on it was counted as Münzerstrasse.
In 1862 the entire street from Freisingergasse to Hohen Markt was given the name Farmer's Market, while the name Old Farmer's Market was popular well into the 20th century. Since 1876 the Jasomirgottstraße and the fire site have flowed into the farmers' market. In 1913, in connection with the construction of the Ankerhof , between the two parts of which it has run since then, the farmers' market was extended from the Hohen Markt to the north via the Fischhof to the meat market .
Location and characteristics
Due to its history, the farmers' market does not have a uniform character; the originally different street sections can still be seen. Beginning at Freisingergasse, where the house numbers also begin, the farmers' market turns in a north-easterly direction to the fire site, continues from there (a little further east than at the confluence with the fire site) to Landskrongasse, narrowing further to Hohen Markt , according to which the Ankeruhr spanned the alley section of the farmers' market, which was added in 1913, and finally flows into the meat market in the north near the Jerusalemstiege to the higher Desider-Friedmann-Platz . The highest house numbers at the corner of Fleischmarkt are 21 and 24.
The farmers' market is a one-way street, alternating in the other direction between Freisingergasse and Brandstätte, between Brandstätte and Hohem Markt and between Hohem Markt and Fleischmarkt. There is no public transport.
The road construction is heterogeneous. It consists of a baroque building in the south, historicist, secessionist and modern buildings in the middle section and a uniform late-historic ensemble in the north. The farmers' market is lined with shops and numerous restaurants.
building
Buildings with odd numbers are on the northwest side of the alley, buildings with even numbers on the southeast.
No. 1: Oppenheimer's house
The as to pigeon -known baroque town house was owned by the Jewish financier Emperor I. Leopold , Samuel Oppenheimer . He was the only Jew who had received the privilege to settle in the center of Vienna. On June 21, 1700, triggered by the laughter of two servants of Oppenheimer at the behavior of two chimney sweeps, there was a riot against the Jews, during which Oppenheimer's apartment was ransacked and all the coffers were broken into. One man was then hanged, others arrested, and foreign Jews deported. In the second half of the 19th century, Eduard and Maria Böhm donated the building to the Vienna Citizens Hospital Fund, as indicated by a large label.
The large corner house, which extends from Freisingergasse to St. Peter's Square, has a façade that is bent several times and the corner is beveled. Its core dates from the Middle Ages, large parts are from the 17th century, and was rebuilt at the beginning of the 18th century. The original entrance was integrated into a business premises designed by Bothe and Ehrmann in 1927 ; Above it is a house relief depicting the Annunciation and a Latin text calling Mary for help against the plague, probably from the fourth quarter of the 17th century. The windows have richly decorated roofs. In the irregular inner courtyard there are partially glazed pawlatschen passages and a courtyard fountain with a baroque stone statue of St. Johannes Nepomuk from the end of the 17th century. Remisen and a masked lantern arm are from the second half of the 19th century. The building is a listed building .
No. 2: Assicurazioni Generali building
The house for Assicurazioni Generali , the insurance company founded in 1831 in Trieste , Austria , was built by Otto Thienemann in 1880 in the historicist style in the forms of the New Vienna Renaissance . It has a bent facade at the confluence of the farmers' market with Freisingergasse. In the line of sight from St. Peter's Square is the gabled central risalit with the arched portal and sculptures by Rudolf Weyr in the spandrels. Above that, on the main floor, there are Ionic double columns with putti holding a coat of arms. The rows of windows have different shapes and roofs on each floor, with strong cordon cornices in between. Inside is the vestibule with arched niches between Corinthian pilasters on high plinths and a coffered ceiling. The building is a historical monument.
No. 2A: Formerly Margaretenhof
The former conscription numbers 590 and 591 on Münzerstraße, which now form house numbers 2 and 2A of the farmers' market and 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 of Jasomirgottstraße, once housed the Margaretenhof, which was first mentioned in a document in 1327. Probably around 1250/60 the Margaretenkapelle was donated by Paltram in front of the Freithof and first mentioned in 1310. In 1587 the Margaretenhof belonged to the Viennese citizen and trader Hans Prämer. For a few years this was the seat of the Freemasons . During a festival in 1743, the house was occupied by the military (who at that time also ran the police force), and the participants were arrested, including Counts Starhemberg and Trauttmansdorff . The Margaret Chapel was profaned in 1782. When the building was demolished in 1880, Romanesque architectural foils were found in the foundations that are now in the Wien Museum .
The late Secessionist residential and commercial building located here today was built by Wilhelm Schallinger in 1911/12 and is a listed building. Its main address is Jasomirgottstrasse 6–8.
No. 3: office building
The corner house was built in 1958/62 by the architects Wiser, Pfaffenbichler and Bamer and is located at the main address Brandstätte 7–9. Hugo Heller's famous bookstore was located here at the turn of the century . The building had been owned by the First General Accident and Damage Insurance Company since 1902 and was rebuilt or renovated in 1904. Today the entrance to the building is at Brandstätte 5. In the former Hugo Heller & Cie. at Bauernmarkt 3 there is currently a boutique for designer fashion.
No. 4: Gundelhof
The old Gundelhof was located in the place of today's corner house built in 1949. A St. Thomas Chapel located here was mentioned as early as 1343. In the Biedermeier period , the Sonnleithnersche Salon was located here , where Franz Schubert and his friends, Franz Grillparzer and Caroline Pichler , frequented. In the 1850s, Clara Schumann , Johannes Brahms and Joseph Joachim were among those involved in demanding musical soirees. The house last owned by Salomon Rothschild was replaced by a new building in 1877, which burned down in April 1945 and was rebuilt in 1949.
No. 5, 7: Zacherlhaus
→ see under main article Zacherlhaus
The Zacherlhaus , built by Josef Plečnik from 1903 to 1905 for the factory owner Johann Evangelist Zacherl, is one of the most important Art Nouveau buildings in Vienna. On the side of the farmer's market there is a memorial plaque with a portrait relief for Plečnik from 2005. The main address of the building is Wildpretmarkt 2–4 and number 6 on the fire site (this address, the most prominent of the three streets, appears in architectural publications on).
No. 6: House
The corner house was built in 1956/60 by Siegfried Theiss , Hans Jaksch , Walter Jaksch, Bruno Doskar and Norbert Schlesinger . It is located at the main address Brandstätte 4.
No. 8: House
The unadorned seven-storey house was built in 1964 by Josef Vytiska . The Vienna branch of the Imperial Continental Gas Association , which operated gas works in Vienna, was active in a previous building until 1883 (see Henry James Drory ).
No. 9: House
The eight-storey house was built in 1953 by Rudolf Sorgo.
No. 10: Grillparzerhof
This is where the house to the golden car was originally located , a through-house from Münzerstraße to Kramergasse. The owners were Nikolaus Poll from 1371-1385, Hanns Waldner in 1451, members of the Kirchamer family from 1593 and the imperial valet Johann Baptist Locatelli in 1689. In 1699 it bore the sign to the white dove . Franz Grillparzer was born in 1791 in the apartment of his parents, court attorney Wenzel Grillparzer and his wife Anna Sonnleithner, on the first floor of the rear building. In 1839 the house came into the possession of the Lord Court Master Count Moritz Dietrichstein-Proskau-Leslie , who at the time had raised Napoleon's son, known in Austria as the Duke of Reichstadt , on behalf of his mother. After Dietrichstein's death in 1864, the silk merchant Eduard Richter bought the house. The basement rooms of the building are said to have been so large that they were even connected to the catacombs of St. Stephen . The three-story house was replaced by today's Grillparzerhof in 1894/95. During the construction work, parts of the Roman camp wall of Vindobona were found .
The late historical rental house was built in 1894/95 by Moses Max Löw . The lower floors show a simplified facade design, above the window frames are richly decorated and laterally combined to form double axes. The company's business portals are remarkable. The Wrenck restaurant was designed in 1989 by Gregor Eichinger and Christian Knechtl, the ladies' hairdresser Reny in 1984 by Helmut Gatterer, including a shop front by Arthur Baron from 1912. In the foyer with neo-baroque stucco decor there is the memorial plaque for Grillparzer from the year 1873 from the previous building and a contemporary marble plaque with medallion niche, whereby the Grillparzer bust there has been lost. The furnishings in the foyer and the staircase have been preserved in their original design, including floor tiles, windows, railings and elevator.
No. 11, 13: Formerly Bellegardehof
The house with conscription number 582 was at the farmer's market and number 546 at the corner of Landskrongasse. This patrician house belonged to the chaplain Johann Poll in the 14th century and to members of the Perman family in the 15th century. 1828–1831 these and two other houses in Landskrongasse came into the possession of Countess Julie Bellegarde (see Palais Bellegarde ), who had them replaced by the Bellegardehof until 1835. The Neue Bellegardehof, built between 1899 and 1901, was completely destroyed by bombs in 1945 and replaced by a modern office building in 1951. Today's large office complex, completed in 1985, was designed by Alfred Nürnberger and has the main address at Landskrongasse 3.
No. 12: office building
The office building was built in 1960 by Edmund Bamer and Hugo Durst.
No. 14: Late Classicist rental house
The late classicist rental house built in 1842 by Josef Kastan with a pilaster-structured central projection also has the address Ertlgasse 3 around the corner and the main address Kramergasse 9 in the street parallel to the farmers' market.
No. 15: House
The house was built in 1955 by Josef Vytiska . It has the main address Landskrongasse 2, another address is Hoher Markt 1.
No. 16: Early historic corner house
The early historic corner house was built by Franz Ram in 1842 . It has the main address Ertlgasse 4 and the other address Kramergasse 11.
No. 17, 20: Ankerhof
The neoclassical Ankerhof was built between 1912 and 1914 by Ernst Gotthilf and Alexander Neumann for Anker Insurance ( Helvetia Insurance since 2006 ), which has been based here since 1869. The two components Hoher Markt 10–11 / Bauernmarkt 17 and Hoher Markt 12 / Bauernmarkt 20 are connected by the anchor clock across the farmer's market. It was created by Franz Matsch between 1911 and 1914 and is one of the most outstanding Art Nouveau buildings in Vienna. Every hour twelve personalities from Austrian history can be seen, combined with a piece of music played. The clock is a listed building. In 1913, in connection with the construction of the Ankerhof, the farmers' market was extended from the Hohe Markt to the meat market.
No. 18: Early historic corner house
The southeast corner house to Lichtensteg was built in 1843 by Carl Högl in an early historical style. The five-storey building is symmetrically structured by round arches on the ground floor and richly framed and suspicious rows of windows. The facade also has a strongly protruding console cornice. In the oval staircase there are still railings and some doors from the construction period.
The following buildings, which were erected after the demolition of older, differently developed houses, like the Ankerhof (no.
No. 19: rental house
The rental house opposite the Fischhof was built in 1910 by Anton Hein, who also built No. 21, No. 22 and No. 24. The six-storey building has a secessionist facade, the windows are subtly framed by egg bars . Inside, the foyer shows candlesticks, porch doors and floor tiles, the staircase wall tile decor, railings, handrails, elevator, elevator grilles and some doors from the construction period.
No. 21: corner house
The corner house to the meat market was built in 1910 by Anton Hein, who also built No. 19, No. 22 and No. 24. The tower-like corner bay with a lantern helmet on the six-storey building is particularly striking. The windows show a simple ornamental framing, inside are the floor tiles and porch doors in the marble-clad foyer as well as the wall tile decor, railings, handrails, elevator, elevator grilles and some doors in the stairwell from the construction period.
No. 22: Late historic corner house
The corner house to the Fischhof was built in 1908 by Anton Hein , who also built No. 19, No. 21 and No. 24. The six-storey building shows neo-baroque forms in the late historical style. The facade is characterized by the rows of windows, plaster structure and panel decor. The ground floor was changed in 1920 by Alex Osterberger for the Imperial Cinema. In the stairwell, the wrought-iron railings and elevator grids as well as the wall and floor tiles from the construction period are noteworthy. The house is a listed building.
No. 24: Late historic corner house
The corner house facing Fleischmarkt 6 and Rotgasse 11, which is free on three sides, was built in 1908 by Anton Hein, who also built No. 19, No. 21 and No. 22. Like the neighboring house no.22, it is designed in neo-baroque forms in the late historical style, like house no.19 opposite, it has a striking tower-like corner bay with a lantern helmet. The cinema CineCenter, which used to be the Belvedere Film studio, is located in the building . A plaque on the side of the farmers' market reminds of this.
literature
- Richard Perger: streets, towers and bastions. The road network of the Vienna City in its development and its name. Franz Deuticke: Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-7005-4628-9 .
- Felix Czeike (ed.): Farmers market. In: Historisches Lexikon Wien . Volume 1, Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-218-00543-4 , p. 279 ( digitized version ).
- Federal Monuments Office (ed.): Dehio-Handbuch Wien. I. District - Inner City . Berger publishing house: Horn 2003, ISBN 3-85028-366-6 .
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 36.6 ″ N , 16 ° 22 ′ 22.6 ″ E