Gundelhof

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The fire site with the Gundelhof in the 18th century

The Gundelhof is a residential building on the Brandstätte 5 / Bauernmarkt 4 property in the inner city of Vienna . The St. Thomas Chapel, located in the predecessor of today's building, built in 1949, was first mentioned in a document as early as 1343. In 1458, Emperor Friedrich III lived. here for a few days. During the Biedermeier period , the house housed the Sonnleithner Salon, the largest musical salon of its time. Ignaz von Sonnleithner , uncle of Franz Grillparzer and friend of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , Joseph Haydn , Ludwig van Beethovens and Antonio Salieris , particularly supported the young Franz Schubert , who founded the tradition of the Schubertiads , which is still alive today, in the Gundelhof . Other regular guests of the house were Johannes Brahms and Clara Schumann . At the beginning of the 19th century, the building also housed the Vienna Stock Exchange and the Vienna Music Association . At times the Gundelhof was owned by the House of Austria-Este . Coordinates: 48 ° 12 '34.35 "  N , 16 ° 22' 18.22"  O

history

Emperor Friedrich III. lived in the Gundelhof for a few days in 1458
A Schubertiade, oil painting by Julius Schmid (1897)
The Wilhelminian style new building around 1940
The successor to the old Gundelhof, built in 1949

The St. Thomas Chapel was probably donated here in the 13th century by the Schüttwürfel family, which can be documented for the first time as a house chapel in 1343. In 1351, the mayor of Vienna, Berthold Poll, was named as the house owner . In 1422 the building complex including the chapel was sold by the city attorney Hans Zink, referring to the house, "which used to be three houses". From 1434 to 1461 it belonged to Peter Strasser. The common assumption that the St. Thomas Chapel was built by him is incorrect, as it was mentioned as early as 1343. It is possible that the chapel was renewed around 1450. At that time the building was known as Strasserhof.

By Peter Strasser, where the 1,458 at the parliament tender of Wiener Neustadt to Vienna coming Friedrich III. had lived for three days, the house came to his widow Kunigunde in 1461, who bequeathed it to her second husband Georg von Gundlach (verballhorn in Gundel) in 1490, who had the building rebuilt. The farm got its name. When Georg von Gundlach did not pay his debts in 1515, the von der Schranne house was awarded to a creditor. After that there was a frequent change of ownership. At that time it was an impressive building that closed off the fire site from the farmers' market, so that it could only be entered through the courtyard or through two candle arches from the Stephansfreithof. There were stalls in the courtyard where the goose market was held. In memory of this, the goose girl fountain, created in 1865/66 by Anton Paul Wagner, was first installed here before it was moved to Mariahilfer Strasse in 1879 for reasons of space .

In 1607 the former mayor of Vienna, Augustin Haffner, became the owner of the Gundelhof, who had the dilapidated St. Thomas Chapel restored. The mayor Paul Wiedemann came into possession of the house through his wife Barbara in 1617. He had the equipment of the chapel expanded and enlarged the mass foundation. The chapel was only profaned under Joseph II . In 1696 the Gundelhof came into the possession of Bartholomäus I von Tinti , in whose baron family he remained for over 100 years. In 1801 the court came to Archduke Ferdinand d'Este , the brother of Emperor Joseph II. At that time, the Vienna Stock Exchange was temporarily located in the building. Bruno Neuling bought the Gundelhof in 1810 from Ferdinand's heir, Franz IV of Modena , from which his son Vinzenz Neuling inherited it.

In the Gundelhof there were two well-known inns, the Goldene Stern and the Eiche , in which Ludwig van Beethoven frequented. At the beginning of the 19th century, the famous Hönig coffee house was also located here. This was known for its pool tables, but you could also play cards, chess and board games here.

At the beginning of the 19th century (May 1815 to February 1824) the Sonnleithnersche Salon was run here, the largest music salon of its time. The semi-public concerts took place under the title "Musical Exercises" in front of an audience of more than 120 people, who were ultimately limited by tickets. The guests of Ignaz von Sonnleithers , who belonged to the culturally interested elite of Vienna, offered Franz Schubert in particular the right ramen to make his songs known. He used the musical salon to premiere numerous works, such as the Erlkönig (January 25, 1821; sometimes not qualified as a world premiere). The evenings mostly had a specific theme, with Schubert accompanying the singers, such as Johann Michael Vogl , himself on the piano. By Ignaz von Sonnleithner salon so that originated Schubertiaden that today as a music festival (for example, in the places Hohenems and Schwarzenberg take place). Other guests at the Sonnleithner Salon were Franz Grillparzer , Caroline Pichler , Franz von Schober and Johann Nepomuk Nestroy . Sonnleithner's friends included Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , Joseph Haydn , Ludwig van Beethoven , Antonio Salieri , Joseph Weigl , Joseph von Eybler and Joseph Preindl .

From spring 1818 to autumn 1820 concerts were also held in the apartment of violinist Otto Hatwig in the Gundelhof. Schubert's first symphonies and his early overtures probably premiered there.

From 1820 to 1822 the evening entertainment of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Vienna took place in the Gundelhof, which was supported by the Sonnleithner Salon (1815-1824) and the musical evenings of Vinzenz Neulings (approx. 1817-1822) and Otto Hatwigs (1818-1820) "in became a 'hot spot' for bourgeois musical culture in the years after the Vienna Congress. " The headquarters of the Society of Friends of Music was also located in the Gundelhof at this time. The society, known to this day as the Wiener Musikverein, was founded in 1812 by Joseph Sonnleithner , Ignaz von Sonnleithner's brother .

In the 1850s, Clara Schumann , Johannes Brahms and Joseph Joachim were among the participants in demanding musical soirees at the Gundelhof.

In 1830 the farm came into the possession of Johann Malfatti . One of the last owners was Salomon Rothschild . He had an extension built in 1855.

In 1877 the Stadtbaugesellschaft had the old Gundelhof, which it had acquired from Anselm Salomon von Rothschild in 1873 , demolished and replaced with a modern apartment building, which burned out in April 1945 and was rebuilt in 1949 under the direction of the architect Franz John. This building, which has remained unchanged to this day, is a representative example of early post-war modern architecture in Vienna. The neoclassical geison with its roughly stylized mutuli , which was originally interrupted in the terrace area, is striking .

On July 17, 1942, Moritz Kohn (* July 28, 1892), who lived here, was deported to Auschwitz , where he was subsequently murdered.

Despite massive protests by the government of the FRG , the "Transport Agency of the German Democratic Republic in Austria" was opened here on August 5, 1960 .

On August 29, 1981, Hildegard Aman, the owner of a shoe shop that was then on the ground floor of the house, succeeded in ending Hesham Mohammed Rajeh's escape after his terrorist attack on the Vienna City Temple by tripping the man walking past the house by holding his hood.

The building is now home to the film production of the multiple award-winning director Houchang Allahyari .

Famous residents and guests

Ludwig van Beethoven was a regular guest at the Eiche pub

literature

  • Felix Czeike (Ed.): Gundelhof. In: Historisches Lexikon Wien. Volume 2, Kremayr & Scheriau , Vienna 1993, ISBN 3-218-00544-2 , 638-639 ( online ).
  • Wilhelm Kisch : The old streets and squares of Vienna's suburbs and their historically interesting houses. (Photomechanical reproduction [of the 1883 edition]). Cosenza: Brenner 1967, Volume 1, 400 ff.
  • Gustav Gugitz : The Viennese coffee house. A piece of cultural and local history. Vienna: Dt. Verlag für Jugend und Volk 1940, 149, 176, 218.
  • Gustav Gugitz : Bibliography on the history and urban history of Vienna. Edited by the Association for Regional Studies of Lower Austria and Vienna. Volume 3: General and particular topography of Vienna. Vienna: Jugend & Volk 1956, 347.
  • Franz Baltzarek : The history of the stock exchange locations. In: Viennese history sheets. Volume 26. Vienna: Association for the History of the City of Vienna 1971, 193.
  • Chung-Mei Liu: The role of music in the Vienna Salon until around 1830. Vienna 2013, 54 ( online ).
  • Paul Harrer-Lucienfeld: Vienna, its houses, history and culture. Volume 1, part 3. Vienna 1951 (manuscript in the WStLA), 718–720.
  • Margarete Girardi: Viennese courtyards then and now. Vienna: Müller 1947 (contributions to the history, cultural and art history of the city of Vienna, 4), 92 (Gundelhof), 286 (St. Thomas Chapel).
  • Hartmut Krones : 200 years of premieres in the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2019, ISBN 978-3-205-20936-2 , 77.

Web links

Commons : Gundelhof  - Pictures

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Thomaskapelle - Vienna History Wiki. Retrieved on October 13, 2018 (German (Sie-Salutation)).
  2. ↑ a b c d Gundelhof - Vienna History Wiki. Retrieved on October 12, 2018 (German (Sie-Salutation)).
  3. ^ Curiosities and memorabilia = Lexicon of Vienna . 1846 ( google.at [accessed on October 13, 2018]).
  4. ↑ Gundelhof. Retrieved October 13, 2018 .
  5. ↑ a b c d Farmer's Market 4 - City ABC. Retrieved October 12, 2018 .
  6. ^ Café Hönig - Vienna History Wiki. Retrieved on October 12, 2018 (German (Sie-Salutation)).
  7. ^ Hans-Joachim Hinrichsen: Franz Schubert . CH Beck, 2011, ISBN 978-3-406-62135-2 ( google.at [accessed on November 3, 2018]).
  8. ↑ a b c Hartmut Krones: 200 years of premieres in the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2019, ISBN 978-3-205-20936-2 , pp. 77 ( google.fr [accessed June 30, 2020]).
  9. ↑ a b Chung-Mei Liu: The role of music in the Vienna Salon until around 1830. (PDF) Retrieved October 12, 2018 .
  10. ^ Hans-Joachim Hinrichsen: Franz Schubert . CH Beck, 2011, ISBN 978-3-406-62135-2 ( google.at [accessed on November 3, 2018]).
  11. ^ Evening entertainment - Vienna History Wiki. Retrieved on November 2, 2018 (German (Sie-Salutation)).
  12. ^ Institute for Art and Music History Research: Concert Halls. 2002, accessed November 2, 2018 .
  13. ↑ General theater newspaper and entertainment paper for friends of art, literature and social life: 1822 . na, 1822 ( google.at [accessed on November 2, 2018]).
  14. ↑ Altes Musikverein building - Vienna History Wiki. Retrieved on November 2, 2018 (German (Sie-Salutation)).
  15. ^ Eduard Hanslick: History of the concert being in Vienna . Рипол Классик, 1971, ISBN 978-5-87622-485-9 ( google.at [accessed on November 2, 2018]).
  16. ^ Max Kalbeck: Johannes Brahms (Great Composers) . Jazzybee Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-8496-0210-9 ( google.at [accessed on October 13, 2018]).
  17. ^ DÖW - remembering - personal databases - Shoah victims. Retrieved June 30, 2020 .
  18. ↑ Herbert Exenberger: Like the little group of Maccabees: the Jewish community in Simmering 1848-1945 . Mandelbaum, 2009, ISBN 978-3-85476-292-8 , p. 316 ( google.at [accessed June 30, 2020]).
  19. ^ Maximilian Graf: Austria and the GDR 1949–1990: Politics and economics in the shadow of the division of Germany . VÖAW, Vienna 2016, ISBN 978-3-7001-7951-1 , p. 166 ff .
  20. ↑ Thomas Riegler: In the crosshairs: Austria and Middle East Terrorism 1973 to 1985 . V&R unipress GmbH, 2011, ISBN 978-3-89971-672-6 , p. 249 ( google.at [accessed June 30, 2020]).
  21. ^ Austrian Directors Association: Houchang Allahyari. Retrieved June 30, 2020 .