Joseph Weigl

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Joseph Weigl; Lithograph by Joseph Kriehuber , 1829

Joseph Weigl (born March 28, 1766 in Eisenstadt , † February 3, 1846 in Vienna ) was an Austrian composer and conductor .

Life

Joseph Weigl was the son of the cellist Joseph Franz Weigl and a godchild of Joseph Haydn . Weigl studied music with Johann Georg Albrechtsberger , to whom the pre-classical music owes important impulses, and with the court conductor Antonio Salieri , from whom he was greatly encouraged. Weigl assisted in the rehearsals of the world premiere of Le nozze di Figaro , some of which he later conducted himself. He also assisted Mozart in the Vienna premieres of the operas Don Giovanni and Così fan tutte . In 1790 Weigl became theater Kapellmeister at the Viennese court theaters , then in 1792 first theater conductor and in 1827 vice court conductor. In 1839 he retired. Weigl's younger brother Thaddäus Weigl (1776-1844) also worked as an opera composer.

Joseph Weigl's works primarily include vocal and stage music: masses, around 34 operas, singspiele and operettas in German and Italian based on libretti by C. Mazzolà, G. Bertati, G. De Gamerra, August von Kotzebue , G. Carpani, Georg Friedrich Treitschke , Emanuel Schikaneder , Ignaz Franz Castelli , Johann Anton Friedrich Reil , once also Lorenzo da Ponte ( La caffettiera bizzarra ). Much of his late work is devoted to church music .

Weigl's Singspiele The Orphanage and The Swiss Family are among the most successful of these genres.

His grave of honor is located in the Vienna Central Cemetery (Group 0, Row 1, Number 21). In 1912, Weiglgasse in Vienna's Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus (15th district) was named after him.

Works

Operas and Singspiele

(World premiere in Vienna, unless otherwise stated)

  • The useless caution or the deceived malice (opera in one act, 1783)
  • La sposa collerica , (1786)
  • Il pazzo per forza , opera in two acts (1788)
  • La caffettiera bizzarra , opera in three acts (1790)
  • The Strazzensammler or A good heart adorns every stand , opera in one act (1792)
  • La principessa d'Amalfi , opera in two acts (1794)
  • The Weever Part 1 and 2, play with singing in eight parts (1794)
  • Giulietta e Pierotto , Opera in two acts (1794)
  • I solitari , opera in three acts (1797)
  • L'amor marinaro ossia Il corsaro , Opera in two acts (1797)
  • The village in the mountains , play with song in two acts (1798)
  • L'accademia del maestro Cisolfaut , opera in two acts (1798)
  • L'uniforme , opera in three acts (Schönbrunn 1800), as Die Uniform (Ger., 1805)
  • Vestas Feuer , opera in two acts (1805)
  • Il principe invisibile , opera in four acts (Laxenburg 1806)
  • Emperor Hadrian , opera in three acts (1807), libretto by Joseph Sonnleithner after Adriano in Siria by Pietro Metastasio
  • Adrian von Ostade , opera in one act (1807)
  • Cleopatra , opera in two acts (Milan 1807)
  • Il rivale di se stesso , opera in two acts (Milano 1808)
  • The orphanage , opera in two acts (1808)
  • Die Schweizer Familie , opera in three acts (1809) also passed down as a string quartet version
  • The Hermit on the Alps , opera in one act (1810)
  • The Metamorphoses , operetta in one act (1810)
  • Franziska von Foix , Opera in three acts (1812)
  • The rockslide , opera in three acts (1813)
  • The youth of Peter the Great , opera in three acts (1814)
  • L'imboscata , opera in two acts (Milan 1815)
  • Margaritta d'Anjou ossia L'orfana d'Inghilterra , Opera in two acts (Milan 1816)
  • The nightingale and the raven , opera in one act (1818)
  • Daniel in the Lions' Den or Baal's Fall , opera in three acts (1820)
  • King Waldemar or The Danish Fishermen , opera in one act (1821)
  • Edmund and Caroline , opera in one act (1821)
  • The iron gate , opera in two acts (1823)

Other works

  • Sacred vocal music, oratorios: La passione di Gesù Cristo (Vienna 1804); La resurrezione di Gesù Cristo (Vienna 1804)
  • Liturgical music: eleven masses, offerings, etc.
  • Arrangements and interludes, incidental music and other music-dramatic compositions, secular cantatas, songs, Landwehr songs, numerous individually published songs and arias
  • Instrumental music: music for 18 ballets, concerts for harpsichord, dances, collection of various pieces of music from operas

student

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Weigl, Joseph . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 53rd part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1886, p. 279 ( digitized version ).
  • Max Dietz:  Weigl, Josef . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 41, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, pp. 478-482.
  • Werner Bollert: Joseph Weigl and the German Singspiel. In: Werner Bollert: Essays on the history of music. Postberg, Bottrop 1938, pp. 95-114.
  • Franz Grasberger : Joseph Weigl (1766-1846). Life and work with special consideration of church music. Vienna 1938, (Vienna, University, dissertation, 1938).
  • Rudolph Angermüller : Two autobiographies by Joseph Weigl (1766-1846). In: German Yearbook of Musicology. Vol. 16, 1971, ISSN  0070-4504 , pp. 46-85.
  • Teresa Reichenberger: Joseph Weigl's Italian operas: with a biographical addendum. Vienna 1983, (Vienna, University, dissertation, 1983).
  • Annette Landau: A successful opera from 1809. The Swiss family of Joseph Weigl and Ignaz Franz Castelli. In: Anselm Gerhard , Annette Landau (Ed.): Swiss tones. Switzerland in the mirror of music. Chronos, Zurich 2000, ISBN 3-905313-19-7 , pp. 65–81.
  • Till Gerrit Waidelich: On the reception history of Joseph Weigl's Swiss family in Biedermeier and Vormärz. In: Schubert: Perspectives. 2, 2002, ISSN  1617-6340 , pp. 167-232.
  • John A. Rice: Empress Marie Therese and Music at the Viennese Court, 1792-1807. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 2003, ISBN 0-521-82512-1 .
  • Harald Strebel: Joseph Weigl: Haydn's godchild, favorite student and protégé Salieris, admirer of Mozart. Miscells on the biography of the composer and the successful opera "The Swiss Family" , in: In signo Wolfgang Amadé Mozart , 14th vol. No. 24, August 2004, pp. 3–60.
  • Angelika Tasler: Joseph Weigl. In: Jürgen Wurst, Alexander Langheiter: Monachia. By Carl Theodor von Piloty in the Munich City Hall. Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-88645-156-9 , p. 92.
  • Till Gerrit Waidelich: The image of Switzerland in Austrian music of the 19th century (= New Year's Gazette of the General Music Society in Zurich. Vol. 189 (recte: 190), on the year 2006). Appendix: A Singspiel in three acts. (Vienna 1812). First publication of the libretto of the opera by Joseph Weigl. Amadeus, Winterthur 2005, ISBN 3-905075-13-X .
  • Fabian Kolb: exponent of change. Joseph Weigl and the introduction to his Italian and German-language operas (= Forum Musiktheater. Vol. 5). Lit, Berlin et al. 2006, ISBN 3-8258-9878-4 (At the same time: Cologne, University, Master's thesis, 2006: The introduction to Joseph Weigl's Italian and German-language operas, paradigmatic investigations into opera production in Vienna around 1800. ).
  • Klaus Pietschmann: Variety of genres and styles in the music-dramatic oeuvre of Joseph Weigl. In: Marcus Chr. Lippe (Ed.): Oper im Aufbruch. Genre concepts of German-language music theater around 1800 (= Cologne contributions to musicology. Vol. 9). Bosse, Kassel 2007. ISBN 978-3-7649-2709-7 , pp. 323-345.
  • Klaus Pietschmann : Joseph Weigl. In: Music in the past and present . Person part. Volume 17: Vin - Z. 2nd, revised edition. Bärenreiteru. a., Kassel et al. 2007, ISBN 978-3-7618-1137-5 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Emperor Hadrian (Joseph Weigl) at opening night! Opera & Oratorio Premieres , Stanford University, accessed January 19, 2015.
personal data
SURNAME Weigl, Joseph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian composer and conductor
DATE OF BIRTH March 28, 1766
PLACE OF BIRTH Eisenstadt
DATE OF DEATH February 3, 1846
Place of death Vienna