Brownville (New York)

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Brownville
River bridge at Brownville village
River bridge at Brownville village
Location in New York
Brownville (New York)
Brownville
Brownville
Basic data
Foundation : April 1, 1802
State : United States
State : new York
County : Jefferson County
Coordinates : 44 ° 2 ′  N , 76 ° 5 ′  W Coordinates: 44 ° 2 ′  N , 76 ° 5 ′  W
Time zone : Eastern ( UTC − 5 / −4 )
Residents : 6,263 (as of 2010)
Population density : 40.9 inhabitants per km 2
Area : 172.1 km 2  (approx. 66 mi 2 ) of
which 153.2 km 2  (approx. 59 mi 2 ) are land
Height : 96 m
Postal code : 13615
Area code : +1 315
FIPS : 36-10242
GNIS ID : 978761
Website : TownOfBrownville.com

Brownville is a settlement ( town ) in Jefferson County in the US state of New York . The settlement had at the 2010 census 6,263 inhabitants on 153.2 km².

geography

Geographical location

Brownville is located in the north of the United States, a few miles south of the Canadian border and the Saint Lawrence River . It is a largely flat area shaped by the Ice Age with a multitude of small lakes and waterways that flow into Lake Ontario and its tributaries. The largest of these rivers is the Black River , which crosses the town from east to west. The river is used for energy by several hydropower plants, six of them with a total capacity of 39 MW in the Brownville area.

Neighboring communities

Lyme Clayton Orleans
Lyme Compass card (de) .svg Pamelia
Hounsfield Hounsfield Watertown

climate

Brownville, New York
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
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74
 
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-8th
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: www.weatherbase.com
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Brownville, New York
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) -1.8 -0.8 4.3 12.2 18.5 23.6 26.3 25.6 21.3 14.8 7.9 0.9 O 12.8
Min. Temperature (° C) -12.5 -11.9 -6.1 0.8 6.4 11.7 14.5 13.6 9.3 3.9 -1.1 -8.4 O 1.7
Precipitation ( mm ) 64 54 55 65 69 63 60 76 83 76 82 74 Σ 821
Rainy days ( d ) 16 13 12 12 11 11 9 9 10 12 14th 16 Σ 145
Humidity ( % ) 77 77 74 72 70 70 71 72 75 74 77 78 O 73.9
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
-1.8
-12.5
-0.8
-11.9
4.3
-6.1
12.2
0.8
18.5
6.4
23.6
11.7
26.3
14.5
25.6
13.6
21.3
9.3
14.8
3.9
7.9
-1.1
0.9
-8.4
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		64
54
55
65
69
63
60
76
83
76
82
74
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

history

For a fuller history of this area, see the History chapter of the Jefferson County article .

Until the conclusion of the contract with the US government in September 1788, the land on which the town of Brownville was later built belonged to the hunting grounds of the Oneida , an Iroquois tribe . As usual during the settlement phase by the Europeans, the land was initially sold in very large sections (here: in 1791 to Alexander Macomb ), then further divided and prepared for settlement piece by piece. Brownville was in Macombs No. 4, which was sold on April 12, 1793 to a French land buyer (Peter Chassanis), who in turn commissioned the land development and sales to a dealer from New York. The region was explored from 1796 and the first reclamations began in 1799. In 1800 the first sawmill - important for the settlers' house building - was built; The first settlers also arrived in 1800.

The town was founded as an independent community on April 1, 1802 as a split from the existing Town Leyden and named after the first settler, Jacob Brown from Pennsylvania . The constituent city assembly took place on March 1, 1803. At that time, the town was considerably larger than it is today and also included the areas of the Towns LeRay (separated in 1806), Lyme (1818), Pamelia (1819), which were later separated ; Orleans and part of Alexandria (1821).

After Jefferson County was founded in 1805, efforts were made to relocate the county seat here, but neighboring Watertown was designated as such. Efforts to make the Black River navigable to Brownville and to make the place the port of the region also failed in favor of Sackets Harbor .

On April 10, 1810 the first regular stagecoach drove here from Whitestown via Rome , Camden , Adams and Sackets Harbor; a second line was opened at the same time to Harrisburg via Champion and Watertown to Port Putnam . On April 30, 1816, another line was set up to Cape Vincent .

Brownville Village , located on the Black River, quickly emerged as the main settlement . The river's hydropower was used to power various businesses. Around 1812 the place consisted of 20 houses, several shops, a school, a flour mill, a sawmill and a whiskey distillery (founded in 1805). In 1820 there were already 60 houses, a wool and cotton mill, a nail smithy, five grain mills, seven sawmills and two distilleries. The place was on April 5, 1828 the Village explained.

In 1852 the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad (RW&O) reached the town; Stations were set up in the main Brownville Village and in the small Limerick settlement that still exists today.

1890 five paper mills were recorded in Brownsville Village, which today Neenah, Inc. belong.

In the course of the Great Depression from 1929 Brownville was only slightly affected; nevertheless, there has been a slight migration of residents, particularly to the places on the east coast of the United States. Most of the shops and factories survived the crisis with only minor losses.

The rural exodus in the years after the Second World War and the modernization of industry gave the town a strong boom, which continues to this day.

Religions

In the town, as was usual during the settlement phase of the United States, a first church congregation was founded very quickly: on September 7, 1806, " The Brownville Baptist Church " was founded. While only three or four congregations emerged in new foundations in the first few years after the foundation, between 1818 and 1847 nine more congregations of various Christian directions were founded in Brownville: Methodists , Presbyterians , Episcopals and universalists of various orientations.

Currently (as of 2020) two thirds of all residents are non-denominational, 18.2% Catholics, 0.1% Orthodox Jews and members of other Protestant groups.

Population development

Census Results －Town of Brownville, New York
year 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890
Residents - ??? 3990 2938 3968 4282 3966 3219 2624 3110
year 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990
Residents 3693 3615 3856 3489 3671 3806 3985 4321 5113 5604
year 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070 2080 2090
Residents 5839 6263

Economy and Infrastructure

The place is very strongly characterized by agriculture and forestry, including the necessary local craftsmen and traders. Its main sole proprietorship is a subsidiary of paper manufacturer Neenah, Inc. , which employs 6.9% of all Brownville workers. Other important occupational groups are public administration (12.9%), teaching staff (10.0%) and health care (8.0%). The unemployment rate was 6.3% in March 2019 (for comparison: in the state of New York the average was 4.1% at the same time).

Public facilities

Brownville has a public library with around 10,000 books. Other public institutions are not listed.

education

Brownville has an elementary and middle school with grades from preschool to sixth grade with approximately 520 students. For secondary schools, students have to go to neighboring Watertown . The nearest colleges are in Watertown, Oswego and Syracuse , the nearest universities in Oswego, Canton, Potsdam and Syracuse.

literature

  • John Homer French: Gazetteer of the State of New York . RP Smith, Syracuse, NY 1860, pp. 356 (English, archive.org [PDF; 63.8 MB ; accessed on March 15, 2020]).
  • Hamilton Child: Geographical gazetteer of Jefferson county, NY, 1685-1890 . The Syracuse journal company, Syracuse, NY 1890, pp. 282 ff . (English, archive.org [PDF; 96.5 MB ; accessed on March 8, 2020]).

Web links

Commons : Brownville (town), New York  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Brownville in the United States Geological Survey's Geographic Names Information System ; accessed on February 4, 2020
  2. ↑ List on the website of the operating company Hydroreform.org
  3. ↑ a b c d data on religion, economy, infrastructure and education at City-Data.com (English)
  4. ↑ Population 1810-2010 according to census results
  5. ↑ Census data from 1810 as of March 15, 2020 only incomplete (only economic data without population figures) available online.