Carl Andreas von Boguslawski

Carl Andreas von Boguslawski

Wilhelmine von Boguslawski, b. from Radecke

Carl Anton Andreas von Boguslawski (born November 19, 1758 at Gut Muschlitz (since 1945 Moszyce ), Principality of Oels , † September 21, 1817 in Berlin ) was a German general, translator and author. As the first director of the General War School , he went down in Prussian military history.

family

His father, Johannes Georg von Boguslawski (1716–1767), was a nobleman who had been expelled from Lithuania after the Thorner blood court because of his Reformed faith and who found hospitality on the Silesian estate of Count Heinrich von Reichenbach-Goschütz. Carl Andreas had a sister and an older brother, Heinrich Georg von Boguslawski, who died in Goldap in 1802 as captain and company commander of an infantry regiment .

On May 31, 1795 he married Amalie von Klützow in Dedelow near Prenzlau , who died in 1796. On April 24, 1800, he married Wilhelmine von Radecke (November 13, 1769, † May 18, 1839) in Lobedau, district of Goldberg , the daughter of a Silesian landowner and later lady of the Order of Luise . The marriage had two children:

• Wilhelm (born February 26, 1803; † December 5, 1874), a childhood friend of the musician Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy and later Prussian judicial councilor in Berlin, married Wassilissa Roedlich (December 4, 1809; † March 13, 1894), the daughter of General Hieronymus Franz Seraph Roedlich
• Albertine (born February 13, 1801; † June 21, 1852), lady-in-waiting to Princess Marianne of Prussia , died unmarried

From 1805 he took Ernestine von Langen (1805-1858), the daughter of a regimental officer close to him and later lady-in-waiting to Princess Radziwill and mother of the playwright Ernst von Wildenbruch , as a foster daughter in his house. His nephew was Palm Heinrich Ludwig von Boguslawski . His grandson was Lieutenant General Albert von Boguslawski .

Life

After the penniless father died early, he and his older brother were accepted into the Berlin military orphanage in 1767. In 1770 they entered the Berlin cadet institute . There, Carl Andreas was a student of the poet Karl Wilhelm Ramler , who recognized and promoted the boy's literary talent. In 1776 he joined the Prussian Army as an ensign in the regiment on foot v. Request No. 12. In 1782 he was sent to Magdeburg as a teacher to give lectures on geometry and fortification to the officers of the Magdeburg Inspection . As the first adjutant of Lieutenant General Hereditary Prince von Hohenlohe , he took part in the campaigns of the coalition wars of 1792, 1793 and 1794 and made friends with Quartermaster General Christian von Massenbach . He has kept the journal of the Corps Hohenlohe 1792/94, which in the Prussian. Secret state archive is kept and gives a clear presentation of the events. This diary is arguably the best source for studying the campaign of that time. On June 10, 1800, he became chief of the Füsselier battalion No. 22. In 1803 he acquired the Podelwitz estate in the Neumarkt district . In 1806 he was involved in the battle of Jena and Auerstedt and became a French prisoner of war. In 1808 he got a job as commander of Neisse . In 1809 he was a member of the armaments and conscription commission that prepared the reorganization of the Prussian army. In the same year he became a member of the Prussian General Order Commission. After the conversion and reorganization of the military schools, Boguslawski was appointed on August 6, 1810 as the first director of the General War School in Berlin, which had been brought into being by Scharnhorst's reforms . This office had he - with interruption by the war of liberation in which he is using as Landwehr Battle designated battle of Hagelberg the Iron Cross earned - until his death in 1817 stopped. The military historian Scharfenort judged the conduct of his office: The difficulties lay primarily in the relationship between the officers as a pupil and Boguslawski, who had to sensitively take into account their prejudices against the many innovations by which they were robbed of their old privileges. Here it was a matter of teaching and compensating, which Boguslawski found all the easier when representatives of all educated classes met in his house, which he had also opened to his officers. In 1812 he became a member of the Outlaw Society . His house on Burgstrasse was a well-known and popular meeting place for social life in Berlin. Boguslawski, who was promoted to major general on October 4, 1813 , died suddenly of the consequences of a lung attack. His grave is in the old garrison cemetery on Linienstraße in Berlin.

Grave slab for Carl Andreas von Boguslawski in the old garrison cemetery in Berlin

Orders and decorations

• 1793 Order of Pour le Mérite
• 1813 Order of St. Stanislaus, 2nd class
• 1813 Iron Cross, 2nd class

Works

• Journal of the avant-garde under the command of Lieutenant General Hereditary Prince von Hohenlohe in the campaigns of 1792, 1793, 1794 (army report)
• Virgil's farming. A didactic poem in four books, translated from Latin by an officer (1795)
• Letters about Champagne and Lorraine to a farmer in Silesia (Verlag Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, Breslau and Leipzig 1809)
• Xanthippus (1809)
• Diocles. A legend in four songs (1814)

literature

• Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 3, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632780 , p. 406, no. 1190.

Web links

• Berlin garrison cemetery
• The writer Karl Andreas von Boguslawski
• Max Hippe:  Boguslawski, Andreas von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 47, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1903, p. 67 f.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Albrecht Boguslawski, From the Prussian Court and Diplomatic Society , p.8
2. ^ Kurt von Priesdorff: Soldatisches Führertum. Volume 3, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632780 , p. 408, no. 1190.
3. ^ Louis von Scharfenort: The Royal Prussian War Academy. 1810-1910. Mittler, Berlin 1910., p. 51f