Karl Hagen (historian)

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Karl Heinrich Wilhelm Hagen (born October 10, 1810 in Dottenheim , † January 24, 1868 in Bern ) was a German-Swiss historian and member of the Frankfurt National Assembly .

Life

Hagen was one of four sons of the pastor Friedrich Wilhelm Hagen . He attended the Latin School Windsheim and the High School Carolinum (Ansbach) . From 1827 he studied philosophy and history at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen . He moved to the University of Jena in 1830 and began historical studies under Heinrich Luden . He spent two years studying himself. In 1833 he was awarded a Dr. phil. PhD. During his studies in 1827 he became a member of the Arminia Erlangen fraternity and the old Erlanger fraternity Germania and in 1830 he became a member of the Jenaische fraternity / Arminia .

Hagen had his baptism of fire as a political speaker in May 1832 - he held it as a committed fraternity member at a people's meeting in Vach near Fürth , which took place at the same time as the Hambach Festival . He completed his habilitation in 1836 and became a private lecturer in history in Erlangen and from June 1837 at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , which appointed him as associate professor in 1845 . In his historiography , Hagen focused on the epoch from the Reformation to the Wars of Liberation . He also published on Medieval Studies and dealt with the importance of historical studies for the political present. Accordingly, Hagen's writing of history was shaped by a political objective. In this regard, Hagen's writings also extended far beyond the area of ​​the specialist discipline. He wrote for later banned German Yearbooks of Arnold Ruge and for those of Karl Marx edited Rheinische Zeitung in Cologne .

By dealing with scholars such as Friedrich Christoph Schlosser and Ludwig Häusser , he developed into a determined democrat and became a member of the pre-parliament . For the constituency of Heidelberg-Weinheim-Wiesloch, he became a member of the Frankfurt National Assembly on June 27, 1848, of which he was a member until the end of the rump parliament . There he joined the left-wing democratic faction in Donnersberg . On March 27, 1849, Hagen voted against the hereditary emperorship provided for in the Paulskirche constitution . He was known as a staunch advocate of popular sovereignty. He rejected the violent enforcement of the republic , but approved the right of the people to resist the broken princes, as he recognized the rule of princes and the rule of the people as hostile opposites. He represented a moderate line, which in April 1849 with Ludwig Simon led to the separation from the parliamentary group under Wilhelm Adolf Trützschler . In 1849 he lost his professorship in Heidelberg for political reasons and from then on lived as a private citizen . The University of Bern appointed him in 1855 as the first full professor of history. In 1857 he was rector of the University of Bern . In 1868 he was naturalized in Biel / Bienne . His son Hermann Hagen (1844–1898) was a classical philologist.

Works (selection)

  • Germany's literary and religious conditions in the age of the Reformation. Palm, Erlangen 1841-1844; Reprint: Scientia, Aachen 1966.
  • On the political history of Germany. Franckh, Stuttgart 1842.
  • Questions of time. 2 volumes. Franckh, Stuttgart 1843-1845.
  • Political Catechism. 2 volumes. Westermann, Braunschweig 1848.
  • History of the most recent times from the fall of Napoleon to our day. 2 volumes. Westermann, Braunschweig 1851.
  • The Eastern question with special regard to Germany. Meidinger, Frankfurt am Main 1854.
  • German history from Rudolf von Habsburg to the time of Frederick the Great. 3 volumes. Meidinger, Frankfurt am Main 1854–1858 (continuation of Eduard Duller's Patriotic History ).
  • The politics of Rudolf von Habsburg and Albrecht I and the emergence of the Swiss Confederation. Meidinger, Frankfurt am Main 1857.
  • Outline of general history, as a guide for teaching history in higher educational establishments. 3 volumes. Schultheß, Zurich 1860.
  • Speeches and lectures. Jent, Bern 1861.
  • The painter Johann Mich. Voltz von Nördlingen and his relationship to contemporary and art history. Ebner and Seubert, Stuttgart 1863.
  • The foreign policy of the Confederation, especially Bern in the years 1610-18. Haller, Bern 1865.

literature

  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Sub-Volume 2: F-H. Winter, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-8253-0809-X , pp. 222-223.
  • Karl August KlüpfelHagen, Karl . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, pp. 341-343.
  • Niklas Lenhard-Schramm: Constructors of the Nation. History professors as political actors in Vormärz and Revolution 1848/49 . Münster / New York 2014, here chap. 3-6.
  • Robert Zepf : Karl Hagen , in: Frank Engehausen; Armin Kohnle (ed.): Scholars in the Revolution. Heidelberg member of the German National Assembly 1848/49. Heidelberg 1998, pp. 155-182.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. On Hagen's historiography: Lenhard-Schramm, 2014, pp. 111–118, 170–175 and passim.
  2. ^ Zepf, 1998, p. 169.