Carl von Bach

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Carl von Bach

Julius Carl Bach , 1895 by Bach , (* 8. March 1847 in . Stollberg / Erzgeb ; † 10. October 1931 in Stuttgart ) was a German mechanical engineering - engineering and university teachers .

Life

Born as the son of master saddler and wagon maker Heinrich Julius Bach , he completed an apprenticeship as a locksmith after attending elementary school , which he successfully completed in 1863 despite being physically weak as a result of severe pneumonia . After that, he initially worked in the Hartmann machine factory in Chemnitz .

At the same time, he attended the higher trade school and then (for lack of money) the foreman school in Chemnitz. His achievements enabled him to study at the Dresden Polytechnic from 1866 to 1868 . During his studies he became a member of the Erato singers (now in Darmstadt). In 1868 he followed his teacher Wilhelm von Kankelwitz (1831-1892) as an assistant to Stuttgart. From 1876 to 1878 Carl von Bach was factory director in the "Lausitzer Maschinenfabrik" in Bautzen, where, among other things, steam fire syringes were built according to his patents. In 1878 Bach was appointed full professor at the Technical University of Stuttgart , of which he was rector from 1885 to 1888. He was the first in Germany to try to question the then valid principle of the “ opposition between theory and practice ” in the field of mechanical engineering and he strongly advocated compulsory internships in engineering training . In 1884 he founded the Stuttgart Materials Testing Institute . Bach rejected calls to the universities in Vienna , Berlin and Zurich . In 1886 he was chairman of the Association of German Engineers (VDI). From 1912 to 1918, Bach was a member of the First Chamber of the Württemberg Landtag for the Technical University . Bach retired in 1922 . Between 1922 and 1928 he was a member of the Senate of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society .

Focus of his work

Bach is considered to be the founder of the modern static theory of elasticity and strength . His strength hypothesis based on the greatest elongation ( greatest elongation hypothesis) was considered particularly progressive at the time . He also introduced the effort ratio into the theory of fatigue strength . He also recognized the importance of metallography for damage analysis and the development of metallic materials, especially for steam engines , early on , and promoted their further development together with Richard Baumann .

Bach's main works include the publication Die Maschinenelemente, their meaning and construction , published in 1881, and the work Elasticity and Strength , published in 1889/1890 . The most important sentences for technology and their empirical basis as well as the book Strength Properties and Structural Images of Construction Materials published in 1914 together with Richard Baumann .

Carl von Bach maintained extensive contacts with entrepreneurs and inventors such as August Wöhler , Robert Bosch , Paul Daimler , Rudolf Diesel and Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin . Bosch in particular supported Bach's work financially through a specially established Robert Bosch Foundation with a sum of one million marks. In addition, Bach was also involved in the cultural and social sciences and founded E.g. together with Bosch the “ Association for the Promotion of the Gifted ”, which was supposed to support the qualification of engineers abroad. He is considered an early technocrat , for whom only performance and ability should determine the professional and social advancement of individuals. Therefore, for him, humanism and philosophy also belonged in the training canon of a technical university, which paved the way for the Studium generale .

Honors

Others

The Carl von Bach commemorative coin awarded by the MPA Stuttgart since 1984 is dedicated to Carl von Bach.

literature

  • Carl von Bach: My path in life and my activity - a sketch , Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1926.
  • Gerhard Hochmuth: Carl Julius von Bach: On the political thinking and social work of an important engineer. Dissertation (A), Univ. Leipzig, 1967.
  • Friedrich Naumann : Carl Julius von Bach (1847-1931). Pioneer - designer - researcher - teacher - visionary. Stuttgart 1998 (editor). ISBN 3-87919-260-X .
  • Friedrich Naumann: Bach, Carl Julius von. In: Maria Magdalena Rückert (Ed.): Württembergische biographies including Hohenzollern personalities. Volume I. On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-17-018500-4 , pp. 3-6.
  • Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 19 .
  • Arnold Keller:  Bach, Carl von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 491 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Karl-Eugen Kurrer : The History of the Theory of Structures. Searching for Equilibrium , Berlin: Ernst & Sohn , 2018, p. 159f., P. 468f., P. 547ff., P. 578ff., P. 694f., P. 707f. and pp. 712f., ISBN 978-3-433-03229-9 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Carl von Bach - founder of modern materials testing and strength theory , DVM-N 65 , spring 2016.
  2. ↑ My path in life and my work. Pp. 12-14 , accessed February 5, 2019 .
  3. ↑ My path in life and my work. P. 15 , accessed on February 5, 2019 .
  4. ^ Paul Meißner (Hrsg.): Directory of the members of the Verband Alter Sängerschafter in Weimar eV (VAS), WS 1928/29, status January 1929. Verlag Verband Alter Sängerschafter, Leipzig 1929, page 219.
  5. ^ Marie-Luise Heuser , Wolfgang König : Tabular compilations on the history of the VDI . In: Karl-Heinz Ludwig (Ed.): Technology, Engineers and Society - History of the Association of German Engineers 1856–1981 . VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1981, ISBN 3-18-400510-0 , p. 566 .
  6. ↑ Court and State Manual of the Kingdom of Württemberg 1907, page 34.
personal data
SURNAME Bach, Carl von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bach, Julius Carl von (full name); Bach, Carl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mechanical engineer and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1847
PLACE OF BIRTH Stollberg / Erzgeb.
DATE OF DEATH October 10, 1931
Place of death Stuttgart