Fortunes Kopfeibe
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Fortunes head pulp ( Cephalotaxus fortunei ) |
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| Cephalotaxus fortunei | ||||||||||||
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Fortune's head yew ( Cephalotaxus fortunei ) is a species of the head yew family (Cephalotaxaceae). It is native to northern Myanmar and eastern China.
description
Fortunes Kopfeibe grows as an evergreen, multi-stemmed shrub or small tree that can reach heights of growth of up to 20 meters and diameters of up to 20 centimeters at chest height . The open crown is usually slightly rounded. The branches are obovate, triangular or approximately rectangular in cross-section. The trunk has a dark, red-brown bark that flakes off in strips.
The small buds are covered by tapering, glossy reddish-brown scale leaves. The soft but leathery and flexible needles are straight to linear-lanceolate in shape with a length of 1.5 to 12.5 centimeters and a width of 1.5 to 5 millimeters. They stand on a 0.5 to 2 millimeter long stem and go more or less straight from the branches. The asymmetrical base of the needles is wedge-shaped to tapering flat, while the point is pointed. The edges of the needles are flat and slightly twisted when the needles are dry. The top of the needle is glossy dark green in color and there are 13 to 24 stomatal ligaments on the underside of the needle .
The flowering period of the species extends from April to May and the seeds ripen from June to October. The male cones are spherical with a diameter of 6 to 10 millimeters and are occasionally on a stalk up to 5 millimeters long. They are in groups of six to 14 and each contain six to 16 microsporophylls with three to four pollen sacs . The female cones have a 3 to 12 millimeter long stalk and stand together in groups of three to six. They are surrounded by a 1.4 to 2.5 cm long and 0.9 to 1.5 cm wide seed coat ( arillus ). This is initially yellow or green and turns purple towards maturity. Depending on the subspecies, one finds numerous, only indistinctly recognizable stripes or clearly recognizable longitudinal ridges on its surface. The elliptical seeds are 1.3 to 2.4 inches long and 0.7 to 1.4 inches thick.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Distribution and location
The natural range of Fortunes Kopfeibe includes the north of Myanmar and the east of China. In China they can be found in the provinces of South Anhui , Fujian , South Gansu , Guangdong , Guangxi , Guizhou , South Henan , West Hubei , Jiangxi , Shaanxi , Sichuan , Yunnan and Zhejiang .
Fortunes Kopfeibe thrives at altitudes of 200 to 3700 meters. It grows there in mixed and coniferous forests, in evergreen deciduous forests as well as in thickets and on roadsides.
Systematics
The first description as Cephalotaxus fortunei was in 1850 by William Jackson Hooker in Botanical Magazine, 76, pl. 4499 .
Subspecies
The species is divided into two subspecies, which, however, are occasionally also listed as varieties . According to other authors, however, they are even considered to be different types.
- Cephalotaxus fortunei subsp. alpina (HL Li) Silba . It occurs in southern Gansu and northern Shaanxi. They are also found in north and west Sichuan and north-west Yunnan in the mountains bordering Kham . Their male cones have no or only very short stalk and their seed coat has clearly pronounced longitudinal ridges. According to WCSP, it is regarded as an independent species: Cephalotaxus alpina (HL Li) LK Fu .
- Cephalotaxus fortunei subsp. fortunei is the nominate form and occurs in the rest of the distribution area. Their male cones are stalked and their seed coat shows numerous, only indistinctly recognizable stripes.
Hazard and protection
Fortunes plum yew is in the red list of the IUCN out "not at risk". It is pointed out, however, that a new review of the hazard is necessary.
literature
- Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Robert R. Mill: Cephalotaxaceae . Cephalotaxus. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Hong Deyuan (eds.): Flora of China . Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Volume 4. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3 , Cephalotaxus fortunei , pp. 87 (English, Cephalotaxus fortunei - this printed work is identical to the text).
Web links
- Christopher J. Earle: Cephalotaxus fortunei. In: The Gymnosperm Database. December 12, 2010, accessed December 27, 2011 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Christopher J. Earle: Cephalotaxus fortunei. (No longer available online.) In: The Gymnosperm Database. December 12, 2010, archived from the original on August 6, 2011 ; accessed on December 27, 2011 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Robert R. Mill: Cephalotaxaceae . Cephalotaxus. 1999, p. 88 (English, Cephalotaxus fortunei var. Alpina ).
- ^ Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Robert R. Mill: Cephalotaxaceae . Cephalotaxus. 1999, p. 87 (English, Cephalotaxus fortunei var. Fortunei ).
- ↑ a b Cephalotaxus fortunei at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed December 27, 2011.
- ^ Liguo Fu, Nan Li, Robert R. Mill: Cephalotaxaceae . Cephalotaxus. 1999, p. 87 (English, Cephalotaxus fortunei ).
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Cephalotaxus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 17, 2018.
- ↑ Cephalotaxus fortunei in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2011. Posted by: Conifer Specialist Group, 1998. Accessed December 27, 2011th
