Chester Crocker

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Chester Crocker

Chester Arthur Crocker (born October 29, 1941 in New York City ) is an American political scientist who was Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs from 1981 to 1989 .

Life

Chester Crocker, son of Arthur M. Crocker and Clara C. Crocker, completed an undergraduate degree at Ohio State University after attending school , from which he graduated in 1963 with a Bachelor of Arts (BA). There he joined the Phi Beta Kappa academic honorary society . He completed a subsequent postgraduate course at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies in 1965 with a Master of Arts (MA), before he finally obtained a Doctor of Philosophy ( Ph.D. ) there in 1969 . He also worked as a news editor for Africa Report magazine between 1968 and 1969 . In 1970 he became a member of the staff of the National Security Council ( US National Security Council ) and then took over a professorship for international relations at Georgetown University in 1972 , where he taught until 1977. At the same time, he was Director of Africa Studies for the Washington, DC- based think tank Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) between 1976 and 1980 .

After the election of Ronald Reagan as US President , Crocker was on June 9, 1981 as the successor to Richard M. Moose head of the Africa Department in the State Department ( Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs ) and remained in this position until April 21 1989. His successor there was on May 12, 1989 Herman Jay Cohen . In this capacity, he saw the August 15, 1985 by former South African President Pieter Willem Botha held Rubicon speech , which is mainly concerned with the by the apartheid called segregation dealt incurred in South Africa economic and social problems as well as Botha's ideas to solve them critically . In his opinion, Botha "fell into the Rubicon instead of crossing it". When the UN Security Council to 1987 the unconditional withdrawal of the South African Defense Force (SADF) from Angola demanded that the United States made sure that the decision had no impact on South Africa. Crocker assured the South African ambassador to the US: “The resolution does not threaten comprehensive sanctions and does not provide any support for Angola. It was not a coincidence, but a result of our own efforts to contain the resolution. ”Regarding the elections held in Liberia on October 15, 1985 , in which opposition parties were denied and the opposition leader was in jail during the Sergeant Samuel K. Doe won the election with 50.9% of the vote in a military coup on April 12, 1980 , the Crocker found, despite the obvious electoral fraud, that Liberia had a democratically elected government and “open discourse among all citizens give ".

In 1989 he was awarded the Presidential Citizens Medal , the second highest civilian honor in the United States after the Presidential Medal of Freedom . After retiring from government service, Crocker took over a professorship for strategic studies at Georgetown University again in 1989 . At the same time, he was chairman of the United States Institute of Peace (USIP) between 1992 and 2004 and was also a member of the supervisory board of the National Defense University (NDU), the board of directors of the communications company Bell Pottinger Communications USA LLC and the Nixon Center . Crocker was also a member of the American Academy of Diplomacy , the Bilderberg Group , the Cosmos Club , the Council on Foreign Relations and the International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS).

His marriage to Saone Baron on December 18, 1965 resulted in three daughters Bathsheba, Karena and Rebecca Crocker.

Publications

State Department statements

  • Role of the US private sector in Zimbabwe, March 26, 1981 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1981
  • Strengthening US-African Relations, June 20, 1981 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1981
  • Regional strategy for southern Africa, Aug 29, 1981 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1981
  • US interests in Africa, October 5, 1981 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1981
  • The African private sector and US policy, November 19, 1981 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1981
  • Africa, economic prospects and Problems, September 17, 1982 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1982
  • Challenge to regional security in Africa. The US response: October 28, 1982 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1982
  • Our development dialogue with Africa, March 3, 1983 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1983
  • An update of constructive engagement in South Africa, September 26, 1984 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1983
  • US assistance and Africa's economic crisis, January 17, 1985 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1985
  • US policy toward Namibia, February 21, 1985 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1985
  • The US response to apartheid in South Africa, April 17, 1985 , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1985
  • The US and South Africa. A framework for progress , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1985
  • US interests in regional conflicts in the Horn of Africa , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1985
  • Recent developments in Liberia , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1985
  • The US and Angola , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1986
  • Fiscal Year 1987 assistance request for Sub-Saharan Africa , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1986
  • US policy toward Mozambique , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1987
  • A democratic future. The challenge for South Africans , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1987
  • Review of events in Ethiopia. Statements by Chester Crocker, Richard Williamson, and Charles Gladson , US State Department, Washington, DC, 1988

Non-fiction

  • High Noon in Southern Africa: Making Peace in a Rough Neighborhood , WW Norton, New York 1992, ISBN 0-39303-432-1
  • Taming Intractable Conflicts: Mediation in the Hardest Cases , co-authors Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington, DC 2004, ISBN 978-1-9292-2355-8
  • Leashing the dogs of war. Conflict management in a divided world , co-authors Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington, DC 2007, ISBN 978-1-9292-2396-1
  • Rewiring regional security in a fragmented world , co-authors Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington, DC 2011, ISBN 978-1-6012-7070-2

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Assistant Secretaries of State for African Affairs on the site of the Office of the Historian of the US State Department
  2. ↑ John Dumbrell: American Foreign Policy: Carter to Clinton. Series: American History in Depth. Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke 1997, ISBN 0-31-216395-9 , p. 105
  3. ↑ Piero Gleijeses: Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington, and Africa, 1959-1976 , The University of North Carolina Press, cited: Secretary of State to American Embassy, ​​Pretoria, December 5, 1987, Freedom of Information Act
personal data
SURNAME Crocker, Chester
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Crocker, Chester Arthur (full name); Crocker, Chester A.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American political scientist and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH October 29, 1941
PLACE OF BIRTH New York City