Christoph Pezel

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Christoph Pezel

Christoph Pezel also: Petzel, Pezelius; (* March 5, 1539 in Plauen ; † February 24, 1604 in Bremen ) was a Reformed theologian and introduced the Reformed Confession in Nassau-Dillenburg and Bremen.

Life

Christoph Pezel was the son of councilor Christoph Pezel and his wife Brigitta (née Bartmann). He was married to the widow Katharina Ötting since 1567. There were seven children from this marriage, including Caspar Pezel (1573–1634), lawyer, counselor of Count Simons VI zur Lippe, court tax office and librarian.

education and profession

Pezel attended the Latin school in Plauen and studied from 1558 at the University of Jena , where Viktorin Strigel was one of his teachers. After four years he moved to the University of Wittenberg and attended the lectures of Philipp Melanchthon for a few months . Afterwards he first became a teacher in Plauen , then worked for a year and a half in the same activity in Annaberg , but was able to continue his studies in Wittenberg on January 27, 1564 thanks to a grant from Elector August of Saxony . Here he acquired the academic degree of a master's degree in philosophical sciences on February 24, 1564, was accepted as a member of the Senate of the Faculty of Philosophy on October 18, 1564, and on February 24, 1567 he became professor for dialectics and ethics in Wittenberg and was in Summer semester 1568 Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy.

Preacher in Wittenberg

1569 he succeeded by Paul Crell as a preacher in the Wittenberg castle church to what he on October 23, 1569 ordained was. On 14 December 1569 he was admitted to the theological faculty of Wittenberg University, where he received in the same year a theological professor, acquired this on May 5, 1570 the licentiate in theology and a doctorate on May 11, 1570 Georg Major for Doctor of Theology. He belonged to the Philippists in the internal Protestant disputes . When the Philippists came under suspicion of crypto- calvinism and Elector August von Sachsen acted against this direction at the instigation of the Lutherans from 1574, Pezel was arrested, imprisoned in different places for two years and expelled from the Electorate of Saxony in 1576 .

In Eger, Dillenburg and Herborn

In 1576 he went to Eger in Bohemia . In 1577 he was called by Count Johann the Elder of Nassau-Dillenburg and worked as a preacher first in Siegen and then in Dillenburg . The Nassau Confession , for which a general synod in Neustadt an der Haardt decided on July 8th and 9th, 1578, was based on his formulation , whereby Nassau-Dillenburg joined the Reformed Confession. The Nassau Confession appeared in print in 1592. On November 2nd, 1578, Christoph Pezel was appointed pastor and church inspector in Herborn .

Bremen church reformer

Relief around 1430 from the former Ansgarii Church in Bremen. It shows Jesus at the Last Supper and crowned a wall niche for consecrated hosts. The heads of the saints were cut off in 1528 during the demolition or removal of all sculptures from the city parish churches, which was initiated by Pezel in the course of the Reformation.

In 1579, a request from the Senate of the Hanseatic City of Bremen was sent to Christoph Pezel to arbitrate disputes among the preachers. Despite concerns on the part of Count Johann the Elder, he went to Bremen , preached and settled the theological disputes. In the spring of 1581, on repeated urging, he finally went to Bremen and in 1582 became a preacher at the St. Ansgarii Church in Bremen and in 1584 superintendent with a preaching position at the Liebfrauenkirche in Bremen . Together with the Bremen Council , he completed the introduction of the Reformed Confession in Bremen. In 1595, the reformed teaching and church order of Bremen was established with the Consensus Bremensis . From 1584 he taught history and ethics as a professor at the Bremen Gymnasium Illustre ( Altes Gymnasium (Bremen) ).

He published a variety of scriptures and had a great influence on the spread of the Reformed Church in the Holy Roman Empire .

family

Pezel was married twice. His first marriage was with Magdalena NN († January 25, 1566 in Wittenberg). On April 16, 1567 he married Katharina, D. Viktor Ötting's widow, daughter of Georg Rhaw . The following children are known from the marriage:

  • Dorothea Pezel (* around 1564 (presumably Annaberg), † November 20, 1617 in Kassel) married. 1. Marriage to Wolfgang Crell the Elder. (around 1535 in Meißen; † April 8, 1593 in Siegen) son Wolfgang Crell the Younger (born September 1592 in Bremen; † July 8, 1664 in Berlin); second marriage in 1596 to Lukas Majus (May) (* July 7, 1571 in Rudolstadt; † February 22, 1633 in Kassel), preacher in Kassel
  • Christoph Pezel (~ March 27, 1568 in Wittenberg; † January 30, 1569 there)
  • Katharina Pezel (~ May 11, 1569 in Wittenberg; † September 5, 1569 ibid)
  • Elisabeth Pezel (~ June 19, 1570 in Wittenberg) marries 1st marriage with August Sagrettarius († 1604), 2nd marriage with Urban Pierius (1546–1616)
  • Tobias Pezel (~ October 5, 1571 in Wittenberg; † April 4, 1631 in Bremen) Lic. Theol., Pastor and professor at the grammar school in Bremen
  • Caspar Pezel (~ June 17, 1573 in Wittenberg; † February 10, 1634 in Detmold) studied law in Wittenberg and Heidelberg, in 1596 in the service of Count Johannes VI. von Nassau-Dillenburg , 1600 advice of Count Simon VI. zur Lippe , 1611 lipp. Court court tax, later also librarian and archivist
  • Johannes († 1628)

literature

Web links

Commons : Christoph Pezel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Honors

  • A street in Vegesack is named after him.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . 2nd, updated, revised and expanded edition. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
personal data
SURNAME Pezel, Christoph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pezelius, Christoph; Petzel, Christoph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION reformed theologian
DATE OF BIRTH March 5, 1539
PLACE OF BIRTH Plauen
DATE OF DEATH February 24, 1604
Place of death Bremen