Clam Gallas

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Coat of arms of the Counts of Clam-Gallas 1768

The Counts of Clam-Gallas were a line of the Austrian noble family Perger-Clam , who in 1757 added the name of an extinct, originally Italian noble family Gallas (1632 imperial counts , 1635 dukes of Lucera ) and inherited their - predominantly Bohemian - possessions. The Clam-Gallas line was extinguished in 1930, while the Clam-Martinic line continues to flourish today.

history

Coat of arms of the Perger zu Clam (1582)
Matthias Gallas (1588–1647)

The Counts of Clam are an old Carinthian family who flourished in Carinthia under the name of the Pörger (Perger), noble lords of Höchenperg, until the first half of the 14th century , but were then expelled when this country was divided. The family then settled in Austria on the Enns .

The noble and fortress Stephan Perger, Mr. Conrad Perger's son († November 16, 1521) was the first of his family to be mentioned in a document. His epitaph , adorned with the Perger family coat of arms, is in the parish church of St. Pantaleon . He was married to Catharina Apfalterin . He was the caretaker of Siegmund and Heinrich Prüschenk, the ancestor of the later Counts of Hardegg in the Lower Mühlviertel in Upper Austria , who had acquired the Clam rule in 1493 . Stephan became the progenitor of the Clam-Martinic and Clam-Gallas families. After Baron von Hohenegg, he owned the St. Panthaleon estate not far from Strengberg as early as 1510.

Christoph Perger, son of the above, bought “Castle and Veste Clam including the tower” from Count Hardegg in the Lower Mühlviertel in Upper Austria in 1524 . Christoph Perger I was followed by Christoph Perger II, his son Hanns Enoch Perger and Johann Gottfried Perger. 1640 was this by Emperor Ferdinand III. the title Noble Herr zu Clam bestowed and on November 22, 1655 he was raised to the rank of baron . On November 18, 1759, Empress Maria Theresa granted the family the title of Imperial Count . The Clam family split into the Clam-Martinic and Clam-Gallas lines. After the Clam-Clam line died out in 1815, the Clam-Martinic line, which had important possessions in Bohemia, took over the old family estate of Burg Clam , which is still owned by the Counts of Clam-Martinic.

The Clam-Gallas line came into being in 1757 after the male line of the Count of Gallas , originally from Italy, died out. Matthias Gallas (1588–1647), imperial lieutenant general in the Thirty Years War, imperial count since 1632 and Duke of Lucera since 1635, had come to great possession in Bohemia. After the murder of his opponent Wallenstein in 1634, Gallas received his possessions, including Friedland Castle and Reichenberg Castle ; from the collection of Wallenstein Schwager Adam Erdmann Graf Trčka , which had been killed at the same time, acquired Gallas 1636 also freight Smirschitz and Horzeniowes . His son Franz Ferdinand von Gallas (1635–1697) left two sons, Philipp Franz (1666–1731) and Johann Wenzel (1669–1719), the latter a son, Philipp Joseph, who died in 1757 without children. The Gallas family died out with him.

Exhibition Clam-Gallas 2019/20

Johann Wenzel's half-sister Johanna Beatrice Eleonore von Gallas (1680–1716), married to Leonhard Colonna de Fels , left behind a daughter Margaretha, who married Johann Christoph II. Count von Clam. Their son Christian Philipp Graf von Clam (born April 29, 1748, † February 8, 1805) - a nephew of the last deceased Count Philipp Josef von Gallas - inherited his property on condition that the name and coat of arms of the Gallas be continued and named now Christian Philipp von Clam-Gallas . With the death of his great-grandson Franz Graf Clam-Gallas (born July 26, 1854 in Reichenberg , † January 20, 1930 in Friedland ), the Clam-Gallas line became extinct in the male line. From his marriage to Maria von Hoyos-Sprinzenstein there were seven daughters:

  • Christiane, (born September 5, 1886 at Grafenstein Castle ; † October 26, 1947 at Tannenmühle Castle , Neustift-Innermanzing ), married to Maria Joseph Graf von und zu Arco-Zinneberg (1881–1924);
  • Eleanore (born November 4, 1887; † May 31, 1967), married to Karl Friedrich Johannes Fürst zu Schwarzenberg (1886–1914), then Count Zdenko Radslav Kinsky (1896–1975);
  • Eduardine (born January 25, 1889 in Vienna , † July 25, 1970 in Linz ), married to Adolf Winkelbauer († 1965);
  • Gabrielle (born October 29, 1890 in Vienna; † August 31, 1979 in Waidhofen ) married Adolf Karl Hereditary Prince of Auersperg (1886–1923);
  • Marie (born May 15, 1893 in Vienna; † March 1, 1959 ibid) married to Karl Maria Leopold Graf von Podstatzky-Lichtenstein (1874–1946);
  • Clothilde, Countess of Clam and Gallas (born January 1, 1898 in Vienna; † November 21, 1975 ibid), unmarried;
  • Sophie, Countess von Clam and Gallas (born June 9, 1900 in Horn , † June 28, 1980 in Rekawinkel ) married Eduard Rupert, Prince of Auersperg (1893–1948)

From January 1, 2019 to March 1, 2020, an exhibition project of the Czech monument protection authority on the noble family of the von Clam-Gallas will take place in the Czech Republic . The Clam Gallas Endowment Fund has existed since 2015.

Possessions

The holdings of Count Clam-Gallas included large parts of the Jizera Mountains , including Friedland Castle in Friedland in Bohemia and Grafenstein Castle near Grottau , the area around Reichenberg (Liberec) and Lämberg Castle near Deutsch Gabel . Dětenice Castle was rebuilt in the late baroque style by Count Christian Clam-Gallas in 1762–1765.

In addition to the numerous estates in Bohemia, the family owned the architecturally important Palais Clam-Gallas (Prague) and Palais Clam-Gallas (Vienna) . In 1945 the Countesses Clam-Gallas fled to Austria, their property in Czechoslovakia was expropriated by the Czechoslovak state .

coat of arms

Baron's coat of arms (1655)

1655: Squared shield with central shield. In the golden central shield crowned with a pointed crown, behind three natural rocks, grows a naked maiden with a green wreath on her head and flying blond hair, who lifts up deer antlers in her right hand, but rests her left on her hip. 1 and 4 divided diagonally by black and silver. 2 and 3 in gold an erect, right-hand jumping black-gray cat. Three crowned helmets: I. with black and silver covers, a closed eagle flight diagonally divided by black and silver; II. The virgin from the central shield; III. the black and gray cat from the 2nd and 3rd field. The covers are black and silver on the right and red and gold on the left.

1768: Squared shield with a golden central shield covered with a pointed crown, in which behind three rocks a naked maiden with a green wreath on her head and flying blond hair grows, who lifts up deer antlers in her right hand, but in the side lifts. 1. In gold, a right-handing black gold-crowned and armored eagle (Count of Gallas). 2. In gold a right-jumping black-gray cat (extinct von Ploching). 3. A golden crossbar in blue (coat of arms of the Counts of Gallas). 4. Divided diagonally to the right by black and silver (extinguished by nopping). Four crowned helmets rest on the count's crown. On the right helmet stands a black inward-looking eagle between an open blue flight covered with a gold crossbar. The second carries the virgin of the central shield. On the third is the cat of the 2nd field and on the left helmet rise ten outward-waving rider flags on golden rods, of which the first, fourth, sixth and ninth are red, the second and seventh are gold and the others are silver (Counts from Gallas). The covers of the right and left helmets are blue and gold, those of the second and third are black and gold. Two outward-looking black eagles hold the shield.

Personalities

Wedding of Countess Gabrielle Clam-Gallas with Prince Adolf von Auersperg , in front left her mother, Countess Clam-Gallas (1914)
  • Matthias von Gallas (1588–1647)
  • Johann Wenzel von Gallas (1671–1719)
  • Philipp Josef von Gallas (1703–1757)
  • Christian Philipp Clam-Gallas (1748–1805)
  • Christian Christoph Clam-Gallas (1771–1838), Bohemian landowner and patron
  • Eduard Clam-Gallas (1805-1891), Austrian general
  • Franz Clam-Gallas (1854–1930), large Bohemian landowner and politician

See also

  • Family of the Counts von Clam-Martinic , created in 1791 through the marriage of Carl Josef von Clam and Maria Anna Countess von Martinic

literature

Web links

Commons : Clam-Gallas  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Prof. Dr. Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: "German count houses of the present: in heraldic, historical and genealogical relation", 1st volume, AK, Verlag TO Weigel, Leipzig 1852, p. 159 ff.
  2. ↑ Johann Georg Adam von Hoheneck , Die lablichen Herren, Herrenständ deß Ertz-Hertzogthumbs Oesterreich ob der Ennß , Volume 1 (1727), p. 33
  3. ↑ Klam in Österreich-Lexikon (accessed on July 4, 2014)
  4. ↑ Freiherr von Hohenegg: “Genealogical and historical description of the estates of the Archduchy of Austria ob der Ens”, Volume 1, Passau 1727, p. 33
  5. ↑ Alfred Freiherr von Wolhaben: "History of the Reichsfreiherrlich von Wolzog'schen gender", Volume 1, Verlag FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1859, p. 14
  6. ↑ http://geneall.net/de/name/259867/franz-graf-von-clam-gallas/
  7. ↑ Exhibition project on the noble family of the von Clam-Gallas
  8. ↑ FIDEM FATI VIRTUTE SEQUEMUR ( Czech ) Nadační fond - Clam-Gallas. Retrieved July 19, 2019.
  9. ↑ Walter von Hueck (ed.): "Adelslexikon" - Foundation of the German Aristocratic Archives (GHdA), edited under the supervision of the German Nobility Law Committee, Volume 2 (58), CA Starke Verlag, Limburg an der Lahn 1974, page 298 f.
  10. ↑ NPÚ - Clam-Gallas (Czech) (accessed July 15, 2019)