Johann Wenzel von Gallas

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Johann Wenzel von Gallas (c. 1707)
Engraving after a painting by Godfrey Kneller

Johann Wenzel Graf von Gallas to Castle Campo and Freyenthurn (on Martarella), Duke of Lucera ( Apulia ), owner of the dominions Friedland , Reichenberg , Grafenstein , Lämberg u. a., (* May 23, 1669 at Gut Horzeniowes , Koeniginhof district ; † July 25, 1719 in Naples , Italy ) was a Bohemian diplomat and governor and landowner in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation .

Life

Gallas coat of arms - Church of the Visitation of Mary in Hejnice / Haindorf

Origin and family

Johann Wenzel von Gallas was the eldest son of the imperial general and lawyer Count Franz Ferdinand von Gallas (1635-1697), on Friedland and Reichenberg in Northern Bohemia and his second wife Johanna Emerentia Countess Gaschin von Rosenberg and a grandson of the imperial lieutenant general Matthias Gallas to the castle Campo and Freyenthurn (dated 1632), Duke of Lucera, grandee of Spain, (1588–1647), on Friedland, Reichenberg, Smirschitz and Horzeniowes.

Career

Johann Wenzel von Gallas was knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, Oberstland Marshal of the Kingdom of Bohemia , imperial administrator of the Duchy of Limburg and lastly Viceroy of Naples, where he also died in 1719. During the War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714) Gallas was from 1705 to 1711 imperial envoy to the court of St. James in London , 1711 in The Hague and 1714 to 1719 at the Holy See in Rome . He is the founder of the village Johannesthal, Reichenberg district and builder of the Prague Clam-Gallas Palace . In 1698 he led the establishment of the order of the Franciscans in the pilgrimage church Haindorf in northern Bohemia, built for them by his father Franz Ferdinand, who died in 1697.

Gallas Palace in Prague

In 1707 he bought by the Counts of Trautmannsdorf the 12,600 hectare manorial Grafstein for 400,000 fl., At which the main town Grottau and the places Kratzau, Weisskirchen (then Heinersdorf), Engelberg, Wetzwalde, chains, Ullersdorf, Niederberzdorf u. a. belonged. In 1712 he bought the Neundorf estate for 69,000 florins (see: Reichenberg. Stadt und Land im Neißetal. A homeland book, edited by Dr.-Ing.Rudolf Gränzer with the participation of numerous homeland friends. Published by Heimatkreis Reichenberg eV in the Heimatstube Reichenberg , Augsburg 1974 , Pages 88 and 89)

On April 25, 1700, Johann Wenzel von Gallas married Maria Anna Francisca Eva Countess von Dietrichstein zu Nikolsburg (* August 10, 1681; † 1704/1705) in Vienna . After her death, he married her second sister, Maria Ernestine, Countess of Dietrichstein zu Nikolsburg and Großpriesen, on August 26, 1716 (* July 13, 1683, † January 30, 1744). After the death of her husband, she married in 1721 Aloys Raimund Thomas Graf von Harrach zu Rohrau (1669–1742), the successor of her deceased husband in the office of Viceroy of Naples.

progeny

  • From his first marriage he had his son Philipp Joseph von Gallas , who died childless on May 23, 1757. With him this line died out in the male line. He was the owner of the manors of Friedland and Reichenberg and in 1726 bought the manor of Lämberg from Captain Karl Josef von Bredau with an additional fee of 291,000 florins and 4,000 florins for key money. He was a royal privy councilor , court master and senior court judge in the Kingdom of Bohemia, married to Countess Maria Anna Collona von Fels in 1726, died in 1759, daughter of Count Georg Leonhard Collona von Fels and Countess Margarethe von Sporck and sister of Countess Aloysia Collona von Fels, married with Johann Christian Freiherr von Clam. Their son Christian Philipp Freiherr von Clam (1748–1805), (Bohemian Inkolat 1757) became the heir of the manors Friedland, Reichenberg, Grafenstein and Lämberg in Northern Bohemia and the family seat of Palais Clam after the will of his uncle Philipp Josef von Gallas after his death in 1759 -Gallas and in Vienna and took over the name Gallas and founded the Clam-Gallas line . This was confirmed in 1768 by the Empress and Queen Maria Theresa of Habsburg-Lothringen. On January 20, 1930, the Clam-Gallas in the male line also went out.

The heart of Count Philipp Joseph von Gallas lies in the family crypt of the pilgrimage church Marie Visitation in Hejnice (Haindorf) in Northern Bohemia, Czech Republic .

literature

Web links

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ The ADB mistakenly names his grandmother Dorothea Anna Countess of Lodron († 1666) as the mother; the genealogist Roman von Procházka names Johanna as mother.
  2. ^ A b Heinrich Benedikt: Gallas, Johann Wenzel, Duca di Lucera . In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964, p. 45 f.
predecessor Office successor
Heinrich Johann Franz von Strattmann (until 1693) Habsburg ambassador to the United Kingdom
1705 to 1711 		Konrad Sigismund von Starhemberg (from 1722)
Philipp Ludwig Wenzel von Sinzendorf Habsburg envoy to the Netherlands from
1711 to 1714 		Leopold von Windisch-Graetz (from 1719)
Wolfgang Hannibal von Schrattenbach Habsburg ambassador to the Holy See from
1714 to 1719 		Francesco del Giudice
personal data
SURNAME Gallas, Johann Wenzel von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gallas, Johann Wenzel Graf von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bohemian diplomat and governor
DATE OF BIRTH May 23, 1669
PLACE OF BIRTH Gut Horzeniowes, Bohemia (now the Czech Republic )
DATE OF DEATH July 25, 1719
Place of death Naples , Italy