Wolfgang Hannibal von Schrattenbach

Coin with the likeness of Wolfgang Hannibal Graf von Schrattenbach (1721)

Coat of arms Wolfgang Hannibal Count von Schrattenbach, Prince-Bishop of Olomouc (1711–1738)

Wolfgang Hannibal Graf von Schrattenbach ( Czech : Wolfgang Hanibal hrabě Schrattenbach ; born September 12, 1660 at Lemberg Castle in Styria , † July 22, 1738 in Brno ) was Prince-Bishop of Olomouc , Viceroy of the Kingdom of Naples and cardinal .

Life

Wolfgang Hannibal von Schrattenbach came from the Franconian count family Schrattenbach , who settled in Styria from the middle of the 15th century. He was the eldest son of the married couple Johann Balthasar von Schrattenbach and Anna Elisabeth, geb. von Wagensberg, who determined him for the clergy. From 1677 to 1683 he studied as an alumne of the Collegium Germanicum in Rome and acquired the academic degree of Dr. phil. et theol. From 1682 he was canon in Olomouc and in Salzburg, and after being ordained a priest in 1688, he became the cathedral dean of Salzburg a year later .

The Olomouc cathedral chapter elected Wolfgang Hannibal von Schrattenbach on September 15, 1711 as the successor to Bishop Karl Joseph von Lothringen , who had to renounce Olomouc after he became elector and archbishop of Trier . The papal confirmation of the election by Clement XI. took place on November 23 of the same year. He was ordained bishop in 1712 by Franz Julian von Braida , auxiliary bishop in Olomouc. At the suggestion of Emperor Charles VI. Pope Clement XI called him. already on May 18, 1712 as a cardinal priest in the college of cardinals with the titular church of San Marcello in Rome and at the same time in five congregations .

In 1713 the emperor appointed him imperial councilor and for the Utrecht peace negotiations the “protector” of the German nation. In the position of an imperial special envoy, the emperor sent him to the papal court in 1714 and in 1719 appointed him viceroy and thus governor of the Kingdom of Naples, which had fallen to Austria after the War of the Spanish Succession . In the conclave of 1721 he was in the election of Pope Innocent XIII. involved and returned to his diocese in 1722 after an absence of seven years.

In 1723 Wolfgang Hannibal took part in the coronation of Emperor Charles VI. to the King of Bohemia , in 1725 he became a privy councilor and in 1726 cardinal protector Germaniae.

During his tenure as bishop, he campaigned for the beatification of the Moravian priest Jan Sarkander , who died in 1620 after being tortured by protestant rebels , from 1715 . The canonization of John of Nepomuk was solemnly celebrated in 1729. Although the diocese was heavily indebted when it was taken over by Wolfgang Hannibal, construction of the Piarist Church in Kremsier began in 1724 , where the Church of St. Mary from 1724–1736, the Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows in the parish church of St. Mauritius in 1738 and a house for old people in 1738 Priests were built. The Wischau Palace was expanded to include a theater and the palace garden was redesigned. In 1736 he donated a golden crown for the miraculous image in the St. Thomas Church in Brno, as well as in 1732 for the miraculous image on the Holy Mountain near Olomouc.

He was buried in the Chapel of Our Lady built by him in the St. Mauritius Church in Kremsier.

literature

• Constantin von Wurzbach : Schrattenbach, Wolfgang Hannibal Graf . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 31st part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1876, pp. 270–272 ( digitized version ).
• Aleš Zelenka in: Erwin Gatz (Ed.): The Bishops of the Holy Roman Empire. A biographical lexicon. 1648-1803. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-428-06763-0 , pp. 450-451.
• Franz Menges:  Schrattenbach, barons and counts of. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-11204-3 , pp. 520-522 ( digitized version ). - family items

Web links

Commons : Wolfgang Hannibal von Schrattenbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Schrattenbach, Wolfgang Hanibal from. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed April 19, 2017.
• Entry on Wolfgang Hannibal von Schrattenbach on catholic-hierarchy.org ; Retrieved April 19, 2017.

predecessor	Office	successor
Charles III Joseph of Lorraine	Bishop of Olomouc 1711–1738	Jakob Ernst of Liechtenstein-Kastelkorn