Color Index
The Color Index ( CI for short ) is a reference work that has existed since 1925 for all common colorants and dye-based chemicals and is considered a standard work in the field of pigment and dye chemistry.
General
The Color Index is published by the British Society of Dyers and Colourists and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists . This work contains information about the chemical structure and common names of colorants , but also about synthesis , reaction behavior , solubility and patent literature . Inclusion in the Color Index is made on a voluntary basis by the manufacturers, who usually do not publish the chemical structure themselves. The chemical structure of many colorants that have a color index is not publicly available.
Classification
The Color Index generally differentiates between dyes and pigments .
CI Generic Name
The CI Generic Name is formed as follows:
CI | Class name | Color designation | Consecutive number | modification | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
example 1 | CI | pigment | Red | 254 | |
Example 2 | CI | pigment | Blue | 15th | :1 |
Class name
The colorants are divided into the following categories. All classes except the pigments are dyes, whereby the term “dyes” is omitted in the CI Generic Name .
designation | Short | Explanation |
---|---|---|
acid | A. | Acid dyes |
basic | B. | basic dyes |
Direct | D. | Direct dyes |
Mordant | M. | Mordant dyes |
Sulfur | Sulfur dyes | |
Azoic | Azo dyes | |
Reactive | R. | Reactive dyes |
Vat | V | Vat dyes |
Solvent | S. | water-insoluble dyes |
Food | F. | Food coloring |
Disperse | DS | Disperse dyes |
Natural | N | Natural dyes |
pigment | P | Pigments |
Color designation
The following can be used as the color designation:
- The colors of the yellow , orange , red , violet , blue and green color wheel
- The achromatic colors white and black
- Metal for effect pigments
- Brown
Current number
Within these groups, newly discovered colorants are numbered consecutively, i. H. newer coloring agents have a higher number within their group.
modification
With some pigments, there is also a distinction between various modifications (for example with phthalocyanine blue , CI Pigment Blue 15) or laking cations (with laked pigments, e.g. BCI Pigment Red 48). In the example, the modifications of CI Pigment Blue 15 listed in the Color Index are compared.
CI Generic Name | Explanation |
---|---|
CI Pigment Blue 15 | non-modification-stabilized quality |
CI Pigment Blue 15: 0 | α-modification, not stabilized against modification changes |
CI Pigment Blue 15: 1 | α modification |
CI Pigment Blue 15: 2 | α-modification, stabilized against flocculation |
CI Pigment Blue 15: 3 | β modification |
CI Pigment Blue 15: 4 | β modification, stabilized against flocculation |
CI Pigment Blue 15: 6 | ε modification |
Others
Food colors have their own CI Generic Name . Patent blue V Na salt ( E 131 ) is called Acid Blue 3 . In food grade, the same dye is called Food Blue 5 (!).
CI Constitution Number
In addition to the CI Generic Name, there is a division according to the so-called CI Constitution Number . Due to their chemical properties, the colorants are sorted into five-digit numbers and, since 1997, into six-digit numbers according to the following system. This number (table above) can be used to make rough statements about the chemical characterization of the dyes and pigments .
It should be noted that every colorant contained in the Color Index has a CI Generic Name , but not necessarily a CI Constitution Number .
The CI Constitution Number is used in official ordinances, for example in the ordinance on cosmetic products (Switzerland) .
To correctly name a colorant according to the CI Constitution Number , it is sufficient to prefix the number with the abbreviation CI .
Classification
group | Number range | group | Number range | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nitroso | 10000-10299 | Nitro | 10300-10999 | |
Monoazo | 11000-19999 | Disazo | 20000-29999 | |
Triazo | 30000-34999 | Tetrakisazo | 35000-35999 | |
Polyazo | 36000-36999 | Azo | 37000-39999 | |
Stilbene | 40000-40799 | Carotenes | 40800-40999 | |
Diphenylmethane | 41000-41999 | Triaryl methane | 42000-44999 | |
Xanthene | 45000-45999 | Acridine | 46000-46999 | |
Quinoline | 47000-47999 | Methine | 48000-48999 | |
Thiazole | 49000-49399 | Indamine | 49400-49699 | |
Indophenol | 49700-49999 | Azine | 50000-50499 | |
Azaheterocycles | 50500-50999 | Oxazine | 51000-51499 | |
Benzoxazole | 51500-51999 | Thiazines | 52000-52999 | |
sulfur | 53000-54999 | Lactones | 55000-55999 | |
Amino ketones | 56000-56999 | Hydroxyketones | 57000-57999 | |
Anthraquinone | 58000-72999 | Indigoid | 73000-73899 | |
Quinacridone | 73900-73999 | Phthalocyanine | 74000-74999 | |
Natural dyes | 75000-75999 | Oxidation bases | 76000-76999 | |
Inorganic pigments | 77000-77999 |
Examples
Common name | CI Constitution Number | CI Generic Name | CAS number | Color example |
---|---|---|---|---|
aniline | CI 76000 | CI oxidation base 1 | 62-53-3 | Colorless |
Berlin blue | CI 77510 | CI Pigment Blue 27 | 14038-43-8 | |
Bismarck Brown Y | CI 21000 | CI Basic Brown 1 | 10114-58-6 | |
Quinacridone | CI 73900 | CI Pigment Violet 19 | 1047-16-1 | |
Fluorescein | CI 45350 | CI Acid Yellow 73 | 2321-07-5 | |
indigo | CI 73000 | CI Pigment Blue 66 | 482-89-3 | |
Calcium sulfate dihydrate | CI 77231 | CI Pigment White 25 | 10101-41-4 | |
Patent blue V , E 131 | CI 42051 | CI Food Blue 5 | 20262-76-4 | |
Patent blue V , sodium salt | CI 42051 | CI Acid Blue 3 | 20262-76-4 |
The classification according to the Color Index is independent of the CAS classification . The Color Index is used in pigment and dye chemistry and across all brand names in the pigment and dye industry, especially the CI name is the usual way of designating characterization. The theoretical CAS number , like the IUPAC nomenclature, is not used in the colorant area.
Web links
- Color Index
- Ordinance on Cosmetic Products (PDF; 155 kB)
- American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
- Society of Dyers and Colourists
Individual evidence
- ↑ DIN 55944 . In: German Institute for Standardization e. V. (Ed.): Colorants 1 . 7th edition. DIN-Taschenbuch 49.Berlin, Vienna, Zurich 2012, ISBN 978-3-410-23202-5 , pp. 522 .
- ^ British Society of Dyers and Colourists
- ^ American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists
- ^ Chemical Constitutions in the Color Index Society of Dyers and Colourists & AATCC. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
- ↑ Ordinance on cosmetic products (PDF; 162 kB).