Commelina-like

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Commelina-like
Virginia three-masted flower (Tradescantia virginiana)

Virginia three-masted flower ( Tradescantia virginiana )

Systematics
Department : Vascular plants (tracheophyta)
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Commelina-like
Scientific name
Commelinales
Dumort.

The commelina-like (Commelinales) are an order of the commelinids within the monocotyledons .

description

The species of this order are predominantly perennial - in rare cases annual - herbaceous plants . The alternate or occasionally two-line leaves are fused at the base.

The flowers are radial symmetry to often zygomorphic and mostly hermaphroditic. The flower circles are three or, exceptionally, two-digit. The perianth is divided into sepals ( sepals ) and different colored and shaped petals ( petals ). The androeceum (= totality of the male flower organs) comprises two stamen circles with three stamens each, which can also be reduced or transformed into staminodes (= sterile stamens), which then function as petals (only one fertile stamen in Philydraceae). The upper gynoeceum (= totality of the female flower organs) consists of three fused carpels .

Capsule-like fruits are developed. The seed contains plenty of starchy endosperm (= nutrient tissue), which is usually a very small embryo .

There are ferulic acid and silicate inclusions .

Systematics

The order of Commelina-like, five families assigned:

Cladogram according to APWebsite and Chase 2006:

 Commelinales 


Commelinaceae


   

Hanguanaceae



   

Philydraceae


   

Haemodoraceae


   

Pontederiaceae





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swell

  • The order of the commelinales on the AP website. (engl.)
  • Andreas Bresinsky , Christian Körner , Joachim W. Kadereit , Gunther Neuhaus , Uwe Sonnewald : Strasburger - Textbook of Botany , founded by Eduard Strasburger, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2008, 36th edition ISBN 978-3827414557 : Commelinales: p. 866– 867
  • Mark W. Chase, Michael F. Fay, Dion S. Devey, Oliver Maurin, Nina Rønsted, T. Jonathan Davies, Yohan Pillon, Gitte Petersen, Ole Seberg, MN Tamura, Conny B. Asmussen, Khidir Hilu, Thomas Borsch, Jerrold I. Davis, Dennis W. Stevenson, J. Chris Pires, Thomas J. Givnish, Kenneth J. Sytsma, Marc A. McPherson, Sean W. Graham & Hardeep S. Rai: Multigene analyzes of monocot relationships: a summary. , in Aliso , Volume 22, 2006, pp. 63-75.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 161, No. 2, 2009, pp. 105-121, doi : 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x (English).

Web links

Commons : Commelina-like (Commelinales)  - collection of images, videos and audio files