Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben

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Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben
Trespenrasen on Wartenberg; in the right background the Moseberg

Trespenrasen on Wartenberg; in the right background the Moseberg

Highest peak Hohleite ( 385.8  m above sea  level )
location Wartburgkreis and Eisenach , Thuringia
part of West Thuringian mountain and hill country
Classification according to Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany
Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben (Thuringia)
Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben
Coordinates 51 ° 2 ′  N , 10 ° 17 ′  E Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′  N , 10 ° 17 ′  E
Type Disorder
rock Härtlinge ( Rhät , Lias ), frame made of shell limestone
p1

The Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben is a geological ditch or a partial fault zone between the places Creuzburg ( Wartburgkreis ) and Eisenach (independent) in western Thuringia . It represents the through the valley of the Werra separated southeastern part of the Ringgau dividing Netra Creuzburg trench is.

Due to the reversal of the relief of the Härtlinge , its elevation profile is a submontane mountain range ( relief energy around 200 meters), which continues the Ringgau to the south-east and merges smoothly into its roughly equally high frame made of shell limestone .

location

The area of ​​the Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben is bounded to the north and west by the Werra valley downstream from Mihla via Creuzburg to Hörschel and to the south by the Hörsel in the Eisenach urban area.

The Steingraben flanks the northern Kern ridge with Mihlberg and Hohleite to the northeast, the Madel at Krauthausen and Madelungen separates the two Kern ridges in an east-west direction, the Michelsbach separates the southern one with Moseberg and Karlskuppe to the east from the Wartenberg and the Nesse separates the Petersberg, which adjoins it to the southeast .

Natural structure

The Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben was originally assigned to the main unit of West Thuringia mountain and hill country (481) in the handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany (6th delivery 1959) and is counted there by the BfN to this day.

In the Kassel single sheet, in which the area is subdivided into three sub-natural areas, the area was assigned to the Ringgau . There the assignment looks like this:

With Stedtfelder plate is shell -back from the Karlskuppe to Hörschelberg referred in the south, with Mihlaer plateau , the limestone plateau to the Mihlberg in the north and with Creuzburg-Eisenacher sink the Central Valley including the Härtlinge both sides of the Madel .

It is noticeable that the eastern border of the Ringgau main unit is shifted so far to the east that it no longer appears on the sheets of Kassel and Fulda (extending up to 10 ° 20 'east longitude), although the central Keuperbecken of the West Thuringian mountain and hill country is recognizable further west enough. Obviously, deliberately avoiding "breaking" this main unit after the Federal Institute for Regional Studies had given up the plan to map the area of ​​the former GDR even before the publication of both papers (1969), as the two German states would soon be reunified at that time seemed unlikely.

Accordingly, the assignments and eastern borders should be treated with caution. Regardless of whether you count the natural area of ​​the Ringgau or the basin landscape to the east, the eastern border to be assumed lies roughly where the Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), which classifies according to a different system, the unit Werrabergland-Hörselberge into the Innerthüringer Acker- Hill country .

Geology and geomorphology

Geological structure in the area of ​​the Thuringian Basin with the Netra – Creuzburger Graben in the west

The Netra – Creuzburger Graben , the southeast part of which is the Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben, is a Hercynian fault zone , that is, it runs from northwest to southeast . In contrast to the main part of the ditch flanking the valleys of Ifta and Netra and west of the Werra , the orographic ditch in the local part is limited to the narrow valley of the Madel between Madelungen and Krauthausen , while the hardlings on the flanks of the ditch have turned into mountains due to the reversal of relief that merge to the north, south and south-east into the shell limestone of the surrounding mountain ranges. Rhaetian and Lias sandstones, which are rare in the Thuringian Basin, are found in the Härtlingen region .

In the north is the small Muschelkalk plateau of the Mihlberg ( 378  m ) east of Creuzburg, exactly on the south-eastern extension of the 514.8  m high Northern Ringgau at the Rabenkuppe . On the other side of its south (west) flank, the ridge dissolves, at a comparable altitude but with a more agitated relief, into the occasionally steep individual peaks Schlierberg ( 362.6  m , Creuzburg), Hohleite ( 385.8  m , Krauthausen) and Eichelberg ( 334.9  m m , Eisenach) until the altitude on the Madel drops sharply to about 235  m .

Analogous in the south:
the narrow ridge from Hörschelberg ( 324.6  m ) to Karlskuppe ( 377.1  m ) on the south-eastern extension of the 513  m high southern ringgau at Boyneburg is only separated from the 300 m high former route north of Karlskuppe the A 4 is separated from the very steep Härtlingskuppe of the Moseberg ( 364.3  m ) to the north .

The re- routing of the A 4 , which now leads past the northern slope of the Moseberg, brought extensive geological knowledge about the course of the individual faults and the properties of the rock layers to light at the beginning of the 21st century.

All fault lines converge over the Wartenberg ( 333.2  m ) to the Petersberg ( 344.2  m ) and run out to the southeast. Its shell limestone extends both that of the northern Ringgau with Mihlberg and that of the southern one with Karlskuppe.
Orographically , one would classify the Petersberg, which is well separated from the neighboring mountain ranges to the west by the confluence triangle of the Nesse into the Hörsel (around 215  m above sea level ), as a western spur of the Hörselberge , of which only the former route of the A 4 (around 280  m ) separates.

mountains

The most important mountains of the Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben and its flanks, which are roughly divided into hardness with reversed relief and shell limestone mountain ranges, include:
(In brackets, the position and the height above sea level and the surrounding rock; mountains and peaks that are a and belong to the same orographic ridge, are grouped together and, in the case of lower notches , are subordinate to the higher neighbor.)

  • Northern core ridge (between the Madel bei Krauthausen and Madelungen in the south and southwest, the Werra near Creuzburg in the northwest and the Steingraben in the northeast)
    • Hohleite ( 385.8  m , Härtling)
      • Schlierberg ( 363  m , Härtling) - northwest foothills
      • Eichelberg ( 335  m , Härtling) - southern foothills
    • Mihlberg ( 378  m , Muschelkalk) - north of the ridge
  • Southern core ridge (northwest of Eisenach ) between the Hörsel in the south and southwest, the Werra in the northwest, the Madel bei Krauthausen in the north and the Michelsbach in the southeast
Karlskuppe
    • Karlskuppe ( 377  m ) - the highest peak of a limestone ridge that tapers towards the Werra
    • Moseberg ( 364  m , Härtling) - north of the Karlskuppe
Petersberg
  • Petersberg ( 344  m , Muschelkalk) - western spur of the Hörselberge, into which the Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben runs to the southeast; in the triangle of the mouth of the Nesse in the Hörsel, southeast of Eisenach
    • Hammelsberg ( 331  m ) - southeastern foothills
  • Wartenberg ( 333.2  m , Muschelkalk) - in the square between Nesse, Hörsel and Michelsbach

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b E. Meynen and J. Schmithüsen : Handbook of the natural spatial structure of Germany - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Remagen / Bad Godesberg 1953–1962 (9 deliveries in 8 books, updated map 1: 1,000,000 with main units 1960)
  2. ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  3. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Klink: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 112 Kassel - Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1969 → online map
  4. ^ Walter Hiekel, Frank Fritzlar, Andreas Nöllert and Werner Westhus: The natural spaces of Thuringia . Ed .: Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), Thuringian Ministry for Agriculture, Nature Conservation and Environment . 2004, ISSN  0863-2448 . → Natural area map of Thuringia (TLUG) - PDF; 260 kB → Maps by district (TLUG)

  5. ↑ Hydrogeological map of Thuringia from the Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (PDF; 4.37 MB) ( Even finer maps are available for each district .)

Web links

Commons : Creuzburg – Eisenacher Graben  - Collection of images, videos and audio files