Creuzburg
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Creuzburg
City of Creuzburg
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| Height : | 200 m | |
| Area : | 35.4 km² | |
| Residents : | 2305 (December 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 65 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 2019 | |
| Postal code : | 99831 | |
| Area code : | 036926 | |
Location of Creuzburg in Thuringia |
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Creuzburg is the largest and eponymous district of the small town of Amt Creuzburg in the Wartburg district in Thuringia ( Germany ) and the seat of the administrative community Hainich-Werratal . Creuzburg is well known for the Creuzburg Castle .
geography
Geographical location
Creuzburg lies between Ringgau in the west, Hainich in the east, Thuringian Forest in the south and Eichsfeld in the north. It is located around two kilometers east of the former inner-German border or the Hessian border on the banks of the Werra . Striking mountains and elevations line the Werra valley near Creuzburg, including the Wisch and the Brückenberg near the town, the Große Pferdeberg , the Entenberg , the Schlierberg and the Tellberg near Wilhelmsglücksbrunn.
The former Wilhelmsglücksbrunn monastery and the Ebenau settlement belong to Creuzburg .
geology
From a geological point of view, Creuzburg lies in the area of a rift valley , in the Triassic geological formation . This geological situation means that some “geological windows” can be seen in the local area. This includes:
- the Ebenau and Scherbda quarries (both in operation) ( Muschelkalk )
- the former Schlierberg and Eichelberg quarries near Madelungen ( red sandstone )
- the mountain Roter Kopf near Ifta and the former gravel pit Hohleite south of Ütteroda, an outcrop of the Keuper .
history
To 1900
Creuzburg looks back on over 1000 years of history and is one of the places in Thuringia that was earliest granted city rights. Barrows in its area indicate an early settlement, at least since the Bronze Age. The beginnings of the settlement around the later castle hill go back to a favorable road location. The Königsfurt and the Werra bridge enabled the Werra crossing of the Lange-Hessen - an important medieval military and trade route with a west-east orientation. Regionally important connections to the Mühlhausen / Thuringia and Langensalza area branched off this Reichsstraße near Creuzburg .
According to local traditions (founding history) the missionary Bonifatius also worked in Creuzburg and founded the Benedictine monastery “St. Peter " . A repeatedly renewed wooden cross in the courtyard reminds of these first attempts at conversion of the pagan ancestors.
In the 10th and 11th centuries the region was owned by the imperial abbey of Fulda , which maintained an economically prosperous manorial estate here. The first mention of Milingen, one of the four places whose residents later united and settled in the newly founded town of Creuzburg, was made in an Ottonenurkunde dated October 22, 973.
In 1137 the Creuzburg provost came into the possession of the Thuringian Ludowingers . Landgrave Ludwig I acquired it in exchange for part of the lands that he inherited in Hesse. The existing monastery was dissolved and the St. Jakob Monastery was founded to replace it around 1173 . Recognizing the economic and strategic importance of the square, his successors expanded Creuzburg's position. Landgrave Hermann I began building a castle on the mountain ( Burg Creuzburg ) and had the farmers scattered in the region grouped together in a settlement at the foot of the mountain. The city of Creuzburg was laid out according to plan, given city rights such as the use of coats of arms and jurisdiction in 1213 and surrounded by a wall. The neighboring village of Scherbda, today part of Creuzburg, was first mentioned in documents in 1229 as a settlement around a fiefdom.
The high point for the importance of Creuzburg were the reign of Landgrave Ludwig IV , the saint, and his son Hermann II. After Ludwig's marriage to the Hungarian king's daughter Elisabeth , who later went down in history as Saint Elisabeth, the Creuzburg became, after the Wartburg , as a second residence. Festivals were celebrated here and the young couple's children were born. Ludwig had the castle beautified and secured the trade route by building the first stone bridge over the Werra . Before he set out on the crusade in 1227 , he said goodbye to his followers in a large gathering of Thuringian nobles at the castle. Ludwig did not return. His brother Heinrich Raspe took over the guardianship of the underage nephew Hermann II. Elisabeth left Thuringia and retired to the Hessian possessions, where she died a few years later in Marburg . Having come of age, Hermann took over the government as Landgrave of Thuringia and Hesse. The Creuzburg remained his residence until his sudden death at the age of only 18. His uncle and successor Heinrich Raspe moved the seat of government back to the Wartburg alone.
In the course of the Thuringian War of Succession , Creuzburg was besieged by various warring parties. King Adolf von Nassau traveled through Thuringia with an army in 1295 in order to enforce his claims to the land, he had a fortification built near the Gottesackerkirche - the Adolphsburg - and from there shot stones and incendiary into the city. The population then withdrew to the safe Creuzburg, and the city burned down.
The economic basis of the medieval town was based on trade, agriculture and cattle breeding, with large parts of the corridor being owned by the St. Jakob monastery and the manors. Vineyards were planted on the steep southern slopes. As early as the 12th century, the approximately four-kilometer-long Mühlgraben was built, making it possible to operate four grinding and sawmills in the western suburbs at the same time. During construction work, a high medieval pottery was discovered and excavated in 1963. The Creuzburg tanning trade was important, and saddlers and shoemakers are also mentioned. Parchment makers worked for the monastery and the office.
The stone carving trade used the excellent quality of the local sandstone. The high artistic quality is proven by numerous grave slabs in the churches of the city and neighboring towns. In the 15th century, the use of salt springs and the pilgrimage chapel (consecrated to St. Liborius ) triggered new economic impulses.
Under the Wettins , Creuzburg remained an important administrative center, the office of Creuzburg extended in the east to Stregda and the ridge of the Hainich, in the south to the Eltetal, in the north and west the Heldrastein marked the limits of jurisdiction. In the centuries that followed, Creuzburg was not spared from the turmoil of the wars - especially the Thirty Years' War - and from fire and natural disasters.
In a letter, Goethe , later Minister of State of the Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach , described his impressions of the city, which burned out in 1765 and again in 1782, and left a drawing of the Nikolaikirche. The silkworm breeding set up in 1758 was an economic peculiarity ; after countless failures, it was finally given up in 1808.
In the 19th century Eisenach developed with its worsted spinning mill into a regional center of the Thuringian textile industry. For this purpose, domestic sheep wool was also bought in large quantities from Creuzburg. As a result, regional agriculture pushed sheep farming (construction of several sheep stalls in the corridor). Seasonal employment in Creuzburg enabled tobacco processing and labor-intensive agricultural crops (potato and beet cultivation), and the first fruit plantations were established. There was also a bell foundry in Creuzburg , the name of which was recorded with "Christ. See" on a bell that was cast in 1863 for the Protestant church in Wettesingen in northern Hesse.
From 1900
After the railway line opened in 1907, the Krefeld textile entrepreneur Ernst Engländer founded a silk weaving mill on Bahnhofstrasse and recruited employees from his main companies in Reichenbach in the Vogtland and Mährisch-Schönberg . The Creuzburg company was inaugurated in 1912, it specialized in the production of clothing and lining materials from natural silk and had 112 looms. After the owner was expropriated by the National Socialists, an Englishman was a Jew, the company was affiliated to the silk weaving mill CW Crous & Co in Berga / Elster and switched to the production of parachute silk. In the GDR era, the factory belonged to VEB Novotex , then VEB Greika Greiz .
Due to an administrative reform in 1922, the settlements Ebenau, Buchenau , Eschenborn , Mihlberg and Hahnroda were incorporated into Creuzburg. In 1925 this was partially reversed and the municipality of Buchenau upgraded to an independent municipality. Despite wars and fires, a rich inventory of monuments had been preserved in the city. On Easter Sunday, April 1, 1945, the site was 85 percent destroyed by US troops through direct artillery fire and the resulting fire. The Church of St. Nicolai burned down completely, most of the civil buildings - including many secular architectural monuments - were lost. Creuzburg Castle suffered only minor damage. The day before or shortly before the shelling, the population had fled to the neighboring forests or to the rock cellar under the castle hill.
The US occupation from the beginning of April 1945 was followed by the Red Army at the beginning of July 1945 and the city at that time was incorporated into the Soviet zone of occupation . From 1949 Creuzburg belonged to the GDR , as a town in the Eisenach district until 1952 to the state of Thuringia and from 1952 to the Erfurt district . Creuzburg was almost directly on the inner German border with Hesse and thus from 1962 in the inaccessible restricted area , until 1973 in the 5 km border strip with all its restrictions.
In 1962, in the course of a new administrative reform, the small settlements Ebenau, Eschenborn and Mihlberg were again moved to Creuzburg; the small settlements of Eschenborn and Mihlberg were closed a few months later. In 1968 the reconstruction of the church began. In 1969, rail traffic on the Schwebda – Wartha railway line, which opened in 1907 and on which Creuzburg had a train station, was discontinued and the tracks were subsequently dismantled.
In November 1989 the border was opened and in October 1990 it was incorporated into the state of Thuringia in the Federal Republic of Germany. As early as 1945, considerable construction work with hundreds of thousands of free construction hours was carried out in the almost completely destroyed city, from 1990 onwards under significantly better material conditions.
The town of Creuzburg has consisted of the districts of Creuzburg and Scherbda since the regional reform of 1994, which was incorporated into the town of Creuzburg. The decision to merge the city of Creuzburg with the communities of Mihla and Ebenshausen to form the city of Creuzburg was passed in October 2018. The Thuringian law on the voluntary reorganization of municipalities belonging to the district in 2019 was passed by the Thuringian state parliament on September 12, 2019 and came into force on December 31, 2019.
Wilhelmsglücksbrunn salt works
In the Werra Valley, about two kilometers southwest of Creuzburg, there were already known salty springs in the late Middle Ages , the use of which can be documented for the first time in 1426. Wealthy citizens of Creuzburg began with the approval of the sovereign and advised by external specialists with the construction of a salt works . After initial difficulties, the plant produced after an in the XII. Book at Georgius Agricola ( De re metallica libri XII ) described processes using pumping stations and boiling pans. This first saltworks had to be given up in the middle of the 16th century due to financial problems. With the introduction of the thorn graduation under the mining and saltworks expert Freiherr von Beust around 1730, the Creuzburg saltworks achieved an economic boom that had never been achieved before. In honor of the sovereign, the Saxon Duke Johann Wilhelm , the salt works near Creuzburg was renamed “Wilhelmsglücksbrunn”. After the sale to private individuals, the saltworks were stopped in 1843 and the technical facilities were dismantled. From the original structure only the administration building, some dams and moats have been preserved. The site was turned into a farm.
In 1905, Kurbad Eisenach GmbH was founded in Eisenach . They acquired the rights to use the Caroline Spring combined mineral water spring in Wilhelmsglücksbrunn. On July 8, 1906, the health resort was opened in the Eisenacher Südstadt.
Forest history
Already in 1540 the first time the existence of a forester, then still Forst servant named mentioned in Ifta.
The first register of areas of the former Creuzburg district with the well-known forest locations Schlierberg, Klosterholz or Mertell dates from 1557, and exact areas of the managed forests already exist from 1569. The operation was traditionally based on the Hauberg principle with natural regeneration.
A drawing of the city of Creuzburg from 1717 shows only a few wooded areas in the background. With the increasing demand for construction timber, the medium-sized forest operation was favored from around 1750, which only entailed leaving individual, well-grown seed trees that were later used as construction timber. A sawmill was already in operation on the Mühlbach on the outskirts.
In Creuzburg, two devastating city fires in 1765 and 1782 required massive impacts for timber. The proportion of coniferous wood was only 8.5% in 1767 (currently still over 30%) and was found in mixed forests. Due to the significantly better wood quality and a much higher yield, forestry went over to high forest operation in about 100 years of rotation times since the middle of the 19th century .
Through massive purchases in the period after 1886, the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach enlarged the state forest by another 760 hectares (forest locations: Eschenborn, Eierkuchenberg, Stöckig, Lindchen and Scherbdaer Struth). The development of the area in terms of area was now characterized by constant afforestation, preference was given to softwood, which increased the forest area to 1627 hectares in 1926.
From 1907 onwards, the railroad enabled the wood to be transported away in bulk, for example in paper mills, for which purpose the wood was temporarily stored at the Creuzburg freight station.
Population development
Development of the population:
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- Data source: from 1994 Thuringian State Office for Statistics - values from December 31st
Culture and sights
Buildings
- The city is named after the Creuzburg Castle , which was initially one of the places of residence of the Ludowingers and the preferred abode of Saint Elisabeth of Thuringia , then the seat of the Wettin office of Creuzburg. The Creuzburg was owned by the state as the official seat for centuries. The service aristocracy was denied the right to live in the castle, which is why they built representative courtyards in the city area, of which only a few evidence have survived to our time.
- Town halls : With the consent of the city lords, the first Creuzburg town hall was built north of the Nikolaikirche as early as 1220, probably a multi-purpose building in Romanesque style; it is first mentioned in 1377. The increasing prosperity of the city made it possible to build a new, second, much larger town hall in 1589 on the market square south of the Nikolaikirche in the Renaissance style. The old town hall was rededicated as a Latin school. The second town hall also fell victim to the major fire in 1765. Due to a lack of funds, the reconstruction dragged on from 1770 to 1825 - the building of this third was now in the classicist style. In the meantime, alternative quarters were used in the city. The third town hall building no longer exists either, it burned down during the fighting on April 1, 1945, the area is now part of a green area. From the heavily damaged building of the Latin school, today's (fourth) town hall in the historicizing half-timbered style was one of the first new buildings in the city after the end of the war.
- Documentary traces of the oldest parish church , St. Andreas, are lost as early as 1312 (Cramer), its location has remained unknown. The town church of St. Nikolai , built on the market square from 1215, is a Romanesque church in Thuringia that is important in art history . It burned down several times, most recently after artillery bombardment on April 1, 1945, and was only secured after 1960 and gradually rebuilt. The equipment is kept simple. The "Gottesackerkirche", also called St. Marien , existed before the city was founded in the 13th century. It survived the Second World War largely undamaged, but was abandoned in the 1970s in favor of the Nikolaikirche. It has been used as an exhibition space for years. Also noteworthy is the staircase leading to the Gottesackerkirche with the Renaissance portal.
- In the Middle Ages, the Augustinian nunnery of St. Jakob, founded by Landgrave Ludwig IV, was located on the grounds of the Creuzburg cultural center and the neighboring school. It was one of the most important monasteries in the Thuringian Landgraviate, but was abolished with the Reformation. Visible structural remains are missing, as the last buildings were released for demolition to the citizens of the city around 1860.
- In 1499 the prioress of the St. Jakob Monastery ordered the construction of the Liborius Chapel , a pilgrimage chapel . It was consecrated as the patron saint of Saint Liborius , possibly in connection with the saltworks that were being built at that time. Inside there are still recognizable frescoes, including scenes from the Passion of Christ and from the life of Elisabeth of Thuringia .
- In addition to the castle, the Werra Bridge , built in 1223 as a seven-arched stone arch bridge, is an excellent example of Romanesque secular architecture in Creuzburg. It is also the oldest preserved stone bridge north of the Main. On April 1, 1945, the second and third landside arches of the bridge, including the piers, were destroyed by an explosion. The restoration took place soon after the end of the war.
- Remains of the medieval city fortifications have been secured and preserved by the city for years.
- Since the 18th century Creuzburg has been included in the network of private postal companies. The old post office , a worth seeing half-timbered building on the plan, reminds of this.
- In the west of the city the train station was inaugurated in 1907 , the main building has been preserved to this day and is used commercially.
- As early as the 16th century, spring water had been piped in wooden pipes to the brewery on the Plan and to the representative market fountain located there . Every year the citizens of Creuzburg commemorate this charitable building with their fountain festival .
- The old gym (Klosterstrasse 38) looks back on an eventful history. In 1924 the workers gymnastics club had a gym built as a weatherproof home. The half-timbered building was the Creuzburg school sports hall for many decades, during the war it was confiscated and used for the accommodation of prisoners of war. After the end of the war it was an emergency shelter for homeless citizens, and at times also a cinema. In the GDR period it was used again for school and recreational sports and is now run by the Carnevalclub Creuzburg e. V., used.
Nature reserves
The breakthrough valley of the Werra near Creuzburg is an impressive river landscape in central Germany. The Klosterholz and Nordmannssteine nature reserve located here is a special protection zone in accordance with the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive of the EU . The protected area of Ebenauer Köpfe und Wisch bordering to the north is an important networking element in the Werra Valley's biotope network .
politics
Former city council
The city council of Creuzburg finally consisted of 14 council members.
(As of: local election on May 26, 2019 )
Former mayor
On June 5, 2016, Ronny Schwanz (CDU) was re-elected as honorary mayor. He held the office until the dissolution of the community on December 31, 2019.
Economy and Infrastructure
In addition to several hotels and restaurants, Creuzburg is also the headquarters of Pollmeier Massivholz GmbH & Co. KG . This company operates the largest and most powerful hardwood sawmills worldwide and employs 400 people in Creuzburg.
Due to the war, parts of the special factory in Berlin for coils, transformers and wire resistors Gustav Neumann were relocated to Creuzburg after 1939 . The resulting company Gustav Neumann KG was at times the largest employer in the town during the GDR era. From 1972 the company was called VEB Transformatorenwerk Creuzburg . The electronic components produced there were contained in almost every television and radio receiver produced in the GDR. Another important branch was the construction of filters and transmitters for the telephone technology of the post office. In 1990 the company was taken over by the Hessian Pikatron GmbH and expanded in 1992 with a new building in the commercial area created in 1991 on the B 7 on the outskirts.
TECHNOPLAST GmbH is also based in the commercial enterprise. With its extensive delivery program with a focus on sealing and adhesive tapes, it is a competent and efficient partner for craft and industrial companies.
Already after the First World War, at the instigation of citizens of Creuzburg in the neighboring village of Buchenau, the establishment of a plant for the potash industry , the Deutsche Solvaywerke AG , which occupied a special chapter in the GDR's economic history - as the Solvay plant (Buchenau) , which was temporarily owned by Belgium , later VEB Sodafabrik Buchenau . On the factory premises, which also included the quarries near Ebenau that reached into the urban area of Creuzburg and some mining dumps, soda was produced using a process patented by Solvay, for which the deep potash deposits were also drilled and loosened with Werra water. The quarry continued to operate until the end of 2013 and then renatured.
The Thuringian Forestry Office in Creuzburg is responsible for the use, care and maintenance of the extensive forest areas between Eisenach and Mühlhausen / Thuringia .
traffic
A section of the B 7 runs through Creuzburg , which connects Kassel in the northwest via Ringgau , Ifta , Creuzburg and Krauthausen with Eisenach in the southeast. On this road there is junction 39 Eisenach / West of the A 4 seven kilometers south of the city .
The B 250 begins at the Roten Kopf on the western outskirts and leads via the neighboring town of Treffurt to Wanfried .
The Schwebda – Wartha railway, which went into operation in 1907 , connected Creuzburg with Eisenach , Mihla , Treffurt , Wanfried and Eschwege . Because several Werra bridges were blown up at the end of the Second World War and the subsequent demarcation, traffic to Eschwege was no longer possible from 1945 onwards. The remaining passenger traffic between Mihla and Wartha via Creuzburg was discontinued in 1962 and the railway line was dismantled. In order to keep the through traffic out of the old town, which had increased considerably after the fall of the Wall, a bypass road was built in the 1990s on the disused railway line in the west and south of the city.
Creuzburg is located on the Werra cycle path , on the Herkules-Wartburg cycle path from Kassel to Eisenach and is the westernmost point of the Thuringian chain of cities .
Creuzburg is connected to the surrounding communities with various Wartburgmobil bus routes.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Ludwig IV. (Thuringia) (1200–1227), Landgrave of Thuringia
- Hermann II (Thuringia) (1222–1241), Landgrave of Thuringia
- Sophie (1224–1275), married in 1240 to Heinrich II. Duke of Brabant
- Johannes Rothe (1360–1434), important Thuringian chronicler
- Michael Praetorius (1571–1621), composer and important music writer
- Johann Christoph von Urbich (1653–1715), Danish ambassador and minister in Vienna
- Salentin Wilhelm Ludwig Knabe (1803–1864), innovative musical instrument maker, won numerous prizes around 1850; Founder of the piano manufacturing company Knabe & Gaele in Baltimore , today part of the Samick Musical Instruments Group
- Christian Gotthold August Urban (1765-1827), doctor, natural scientist, mechanic, inventor, letter partner of Goethe, member of the Jena Society
Honorary citizen
- Georg Kossenhaschen (1868–1931), hotelier, writer and patron, acquired and restored the Creuzburg as a private residence and home for writers from 1921, the castle complex remained in the family until 1945. The visit of the impostor Harry Domela , about whom he wrote in his memoir “The false prince ”(1927) reported, Creuzburg briefly moved into the focus of the world public.
- Carl August Rau (1890 -?), Professor of Music History in Bückeburg , Praetorius Researcher, was made an honorary citizen on November 17, 1917 for his services to research into the history of music in Creuzburg. Rau later played a key role in the preparation and implementation of the celebrations for the Praetorius anniversary in 1921.
- Monika Harms (* 1946), Attorney General, was made an honorary citizen on February 5, 2010 for her services to the renovation of the Liborius Chapel
- Andreas Creuzburg , chemist, was made an honorary citizen on February 5, 2010 for his services to the renovation of the Liborius Chapel
Other personalities related to Creuzburg
Well-known personalities are listed here who have spent part of their life in Creuzburg, who worked here or who died in Creuzburg.
- Bonifatius (* 672/673 as Winfried in Crediton, Wessex, England, † June 5, 754 in Dokkum, Friesland), Benedictine monk, first missionary in the Creuzburg area and "Apostle of the Germans" ; the memorial in the castle courtyard and a Bonifatius cross (stone cross) on the Werra near Buchenau reminds of him .
- Saint Elisabeth of Thuringia (1207–1231): During her time as the wife of the Landgrave of Thuringia, the Creuzburg was her preferred place of residence. Here she gave birth to her son Herrmann in 1222.
- Gottfried Heinrich Krohne , master builder and architect, worked in Creuzburg from 1744–1747, he implemented the plans to convert the medieval castle into a baroque palace complex, and Krohne also managed the complicated repair work on the Werra bridge.
- Harry Domela , aka Baron Korff . As the supposed and incognito traveling Prince Wilhelm of Prussia , the adventurer and impostor was the city's guest of honor for several weeks in the summer of 1926 and was courted at the Creuzburg.
Another form of honor for services to the common good of the city of Creuzburg is the naming of street names, this applies to the deceased Creuzburg citizens:
- Adelbert Kühmstedt
- Horst Schmidt
- Hans Wolzendorf
Others
- The nickname Creuzburger Kröpf is reminiscent of an anatomical abnormality in part of the former city population. Due to a lack of iodine in the diet, many residents developed an enlarged thyroid goiter .
- Kossenhaschen's crypt, the ruins of the hereditary burial that can be seen from afar, was never completed.
- Creuzburg is the literary setting of the historical novel Unter dem Sparrenschild by the writer Ludovica Ezekiel . This is a family saga about the life of von Witzleben before the outbreak of the Peasants' War in 1525 .
literature
- Susanne-Maria Breustedt (ed.): 800 years of Creuzburg. A commemorative publication. Creuzburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-00-041921-8 .
- Antje Coburger: Creuzburg. Castle, town and museum. Regensburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-7954-6779-1 .
- Tourist Association Creuzburg (Ed.): The Creuzburger Heimatbüchlein. Eisenach 2002, ISBN 3-931431-24-X .
- Council of the city of Creuzburg (ed.): Creuzburg. 775 years of the city of Creuzburg. 1213-1988. From the history of the city. Erfurt 1988.
- Rainer Schill, Astrid Thiel: Creuzburg on the Werra. Pictures from days gone by. Horb am Neckar 1992, ISBN 3-89264-743-7 .
- Horst Schmidt, Hans-Henning Walter: Creuzburg - history of the Creuzburg salt works. District commission for research into the history of the local labor movement at the district leadership of the SED et al., Eisenach 1988 ( Eisenacher Schriften zur Heimatkunde 39, ISSN 0232-9948 ).
- Rudolf Zießler: Creuzburg . In: Götz Eckardt (Ed.): Fates of German architectural monuments in the Second World War. A documentation of the damage and total losses in the area of the GDR . Volume 2. Berlin 1978.
Individual evidence
- ↑ M 1: 25000 sheet 4927 Creuzburg, Thüringer Landesvermessungsamt 1997, ISBN 3-86140-035-9
- ^ Geyer, Jahne, Storch: Geological sights of the Wartburg district and the independent city of Eisenach . In: District Office Wartburgkreis, Lower Nature Conservation Authority (Hrsg.): Nature conservation in the Wartburgkreis . Booklet 8. Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach and Bad Salzungen 1999, ISBN 3-9806811-1-4 , p. 33-34, 42-48 .
- ^ Thuringian ordinance on the dissolution of the community of Scherbda and its incorporation into the city of Creuzburg of February 16, 1994 (GVBl p. 256)
- ↑ The unified community in the Werratal is to be named Stadt Amt Creuzburg - Article in the Thuringian regional newspaper of February 9, 2019 , accessed on October 23, 2019
- ↑ Thuringian law on the voluntary reorganization of municipalities belonging to the district in 2019 and on the adjustment of court organizational regulations in Thuringian Law and Ordinance Gazette No. 11/2019 of October 18, 2019, p. 385 ff., Accessed on October 23, 2019
- ^ Horst Schmidt: History of the Creuzburger Salzwerk. Eisenacher Schriften zur Heimatkunde, Heft 39, Eisenach 1988.
- ↑ Thuringian Forest Office Creuzburg (editor): From the history of the Creuzburg Forest Office , leaflet.
- ^ Klaus Schmidt: The Wartburg district. Nature and landscape . In: Wartburgkreis (Ed.): Nature conservation in the Wartburgkreis . tape 7 . Printing and publishing house Frisch, Eisenach and Bad Salzungen 1999, p. 87 .
- ↑ Holm Wenzel, Werner Westhus, Frank Fritzlar, Rainer Haupt and Walter Hiekel: The nature reserves of Thuringia. P. 178 f.
- ↑ Local elections in Thuringia on May 26, 2019. Elections of the community and city council members. Preliminary results. The regional returning officer, accessed on May 29, 2019 .
- ↑ Bürgermeisterwalh 2016 , wahlen.thueringen.de, accessed on June 2, 2019
- ↑ Steffen Raßloff : The Creuzburg and the Georg Kossenhaschen era - the lord of the castle and his false prince. In: Breustedt, Susanne-Maria (ed.): 800 years of Creuzburg. A commemorative publication. Creuzburg 2013. P. 68 f.
- ^ Carl Stück Michael Prätorius, Creuzburg's greatest son. (1571–1621) In: The Werratal, Illustrated monthly sheets for home, art and poetry. , Year 1928, issue 5, p. 70
- ↑ a b Thüringer Allgemeine , local edition Eisenach, February 8, 2010, p. 2
