Ebenshausen
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Ebenshausen
City of Creuzburg
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| Height : | 191 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 2.62 km² |
| Residents : | 294 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 112 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 2019 |
| Postal code : | 99831 |
| Area code : | 036924 |
 View over Ebenshausen (2009)
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Ebenshausen is a district of the city of Amt Creuzburg in the Wartburg district in Thuringia .
geography
Ebenshausen is about ten kilometers (as the crow flies) north of Eisenach . The location of Ebenshausen is a street village , the place is located in a narrow section of the valley on the northern bank of the Werra . Neighboring towns are Frankenroda in the west, Nazza in the north and east and Mihla in the south; to Buchenau owned small settlement Friday Zella is located 1.5 km south.
The highest elevation of the district is on the slope of the Fuchsberg ( 330 m above sea level ), the southern slope section of the Fuchsberg is designated with the field name Lerchenberg . The areas of the district are mainly used for agriculture (arable and dairy farming).
history
The place Ewanshusen was mentioned for the first time in 1229 in a document from Landgrave Heinrich Raspe IV. This was the reason for the 775th anniversary celebration in 2004. According to local tradition, the place initially consisted of three farms and belonged to an Ifta landlord. However, the settlement history can be documented much earlier, which is documented with archaeological finds from the Bronze Age burial mound at Freitagszella, only 1200 m away . Already around the year 1000 the Werra valley near Ebenshausen was occupied by numerous settlements - these include Mihla and Frankenroda as well as today's desert areas of Werthausen , Wesse , Almenhausen and Münsterkirchen - all within a 1500 m radius of the Mihla district.
In the 14th century, the Werra valley north of Eisenach was drawn into the struggle for supremacy in (West) Thuringia. First, the rulership of Treffurt , whose lords had made themselves unpopular as robber barons, was occupied by the Landgraves of Thuringia and Hesse and the Archbishopric of Mainz and divided up as inheritance ; this happened in 1336. As a result, there was a dispute between the Landgraves of Thuringia and the ore monastery of Mainz over the bailiwick Dorla and the influence in southern Eichsfeld . The Haineck Castle near Nazza was built by Landgrave Balthasar in 1392 , and the neighboring places under his rule: Hallungen , Nazza , Lauterbach , Neukirchen , Frankenroda and Ebenshausen - were combined to form the Haineck Castle District , they later formed the Haineck Office . Extensive fortifications were built not far from Haineck Castle - the Nazza Landwehr , the first part of it ran from Probsteizella over the Fuchsberg to Nazza. A second part blocked access to the Lempertsbachtal east of Ebenshausen (field name Landwehr ), a third part also blocked the Hallung valley near Nazza.
After 1500 the lords of Hopffgarten received the castle and the Haineck office as a pledge and from 1513 it was transferred as a hereditary fiefdom by the sovereign, Duke Friedrich the Wise . In the following subdivisions of the Wettin areas, the Haineck office and thus also Ebenshausen was always counted as part of the Ernestine part because it belonged to the Hopffgarten court . The Hopffgarten communities formed an exclave of the Gotha Duchy until 1920 . The Saxon office of Creuzburg ( Eisenach Duchy ), however, exercised civil jurisdiction, the criminal jurisdiction lay with the gentlemen of Hopffgarten, duties and taxes also had to be paid to the gentlemen of Harstall in Mihla .
The Ebenshausen parish church is said to have originally been in Werthausen. When this place became deserted, the parish passed to Frankenroda. The Dreifaltigkeitskirche built in Ebenshausen was a branch church of the Frankenrodaer Church. The first Ebenshausen village school was founded back in 1667, the schoolhouse, which is also the home of the village school teacher, was built around the same time as the church. In the 1950s it was still a one-class school, until 1970 the primary school was housed in it, then school lessons take place in the neighboring town of Mihla.
The village developed slowly, according to the tax list of the Creuzburg office there were 39 houses with around 230 inhabitants in 1730 in Ebenshausen, in 1827 there were 52 houses and 262 inhabitants. The population was mainly active in agriculture, but the area under cultivation was small, and there was no forest either, so attempts were made in an endless series of trials to gain possession of the adjacent desert areas of Werthausen and Wesse, whose inhabitants once settled in Ebenshausen had.
The quarrying of limestone gained a certain importance, quarries can be found on the steep slope west of the village, and burnt lime was also produced.
With the construction of the Werra Valley Railway, Ebenshausen received a common train station with the neighboring village of Frankenroda. The railway made it possible to take up new employment opportunities in the neighboring towns of Eisenach and Treffurt, but above all in the neighboring Buchenau soda plant . At the end of the Second World War , the population increased by leaps and bounds due to 120 resettlers and displaced persons, at that time there were 440 inhabitants.
The decision to merge the municipality of Ebenshausen with the city of Creuzburg and the municipality of Mihla to form the city of Creuzburg was taken in October 2018. The Thuringian law on the voluntary reorganization of municipalities belonging to the district in 2019 was passed by the Thuringian state parliament on September 12, 2019 and came into force on December 31, 2019.
politics
The local council from Ebenshausen was most recently (after the local elections on May 26, 2019 ) composed of six councilors, all of whom belonged to the voters group Citizens for Ebenshausen. The honorary mayor Fred Leise was in office from 1990 until the municipality was dissolved. He was last re-elected in 2016.
Culture and sights
Buildings
The place Ebenshausen has a small inventory of historic half-timbered houses from the 16th to 19th centuries. The oldest preserved house in the village is dated to around 1530.
The Dreifaltigkeitskirche , a baroque hall building, was built in 1714 by the master builder Caspar Werneburg (1662–1732), who was born in the neighboring village of Scherbda , and has a floor area of 14.5 × 7.6 m.
Also noteworthy is the Ebenshausen footbridge , inaugurated in 1997 , a modern pedestrian bridge over the Werra to the nearby Mihla swimming pool. The construction period was from September 6, 1996 to May 22, 1997, the construction costs amounted to 1,030,000 DM. The total length between the end supports is 53 meters (span), the clear width is 2.50 meters, the pylon head height is ( 201.09 m above sea level ), the height of the main girder (lower edge) is ( 187.15 m above sea level ), the height of the water level at normal level is ( 180.61 m above sea level ), the flow dimension is thus 6.54 meters; the calculated total weight is 45 tons.
Natural monuments
Several trees in the district are designated as natural monuments :
- Linden tree on the Rosenleite
- Linden tree on the side
- Linden tree on the lawn
Events
For a few years now, the price archery , which always takes place at the beginning of September, has become the highlight of the village community's annual course.
Economy and Infrastructure
Commerce and Tourism
The electronics company Cablotec GmbH is located in Ebenshausen's Oberfeld industrial park .
Ebenshausen is an important stopover and stopover point for boat tours on the Werra and on the Werra Valley cycle path . On the outskirts of Ebenshausen there was already a campsite on the banks of the Werra in the 1970s, and the development of hiking and adventure tourism has increased further with the establishment of the Hainich National Park .
traffic
Road traffic
Kreisstraße 5 runs to Ebenshausen and connects the place with Mihla, Nazza and Frankenroda. In 1992 a bypass road was laid to the north of the village to calm traffic. The city of Eisenach and the A 4 can be reached via Landstrasse 1016 .
Rail transport
Operation of the Wartha-Schwebda railway, which passed Ebenshausen, was not resumed after the Second World War , as several bridges along the route between Mihla and Treffurt were destroyed. Today the nearest train station is in Eisenach.
literature
- Rainer Lämmerhirt : From the history of Ebenshausen. An overview of 765 years of village development , Mihla 1994.
- Rainer Lämmerhirt: 600 years of Haineck Castle. Historical overview and structural features of an almost forgotten Thuringian castle . For the anniversary in 1992. Municipal administration, Nazza 1991.
- Johann GA Galetti : History and Description of the Duchy of Gotha . Third part. Ettinger, Gotha 1780, p. 169.
Individual evidence
- ^ Thuringian Land Survey Office TK25 - sheet 4927 Creuzburg , Erfurt 1992, ISBN 3-86140-202-5
- ^ Wolfgang Kahl: First mentions of Thuringian cities and villages up to 1300 . 1st edition, Erfurt 1996, ISBN 3-931426-09-2
- ↑ NN The plane Homes School , in: Werratal news bulletin of the community ... Mihla, born in 1994, number 24, page 7
- ^ Rainer Lämmerhirt The dispute about Werthausen and no end ... , in: Werratalnachrichten, Mitteilungsblatt der Gemeinde Mihla ..., year 1992, number 46, p. 9
- ↑ The unified community in the Werratal is to be named Stadt Amt Creuzburg - Article in the Thuringian regional newspaper of February 9, 2019 , accessed on October 23, 2019
- ↑ Thuringian law on the voluntary reorganization of municipalities belonging to the district in 2019 and on the adjustment of court organizational regulations in Thuringian Law and Ordinance Gazette No. 11/2019 of October 18, 2019, p. 385 ff., Accessed on October 23, 2019
- ↑ Local elections in Thuringia on May 26, 2019. Elections of the community and city council members. Preliminary results. The regional returning officer, accessed on May 29, 2019 .
- ↑ Mayoral election 2016 , wahlen.thueringen.de, accessed on June 2, 2019
- ^ Rainer Lämmerhirt : Riddle about the master builder of the Ebenshausen church solved , in: Werratalnachrichten, Mitteilungsblatt der Gemeinde Mihla ..., year 1996, number 5, p. 9
- ↑ NN Der neue Ebenshäuser Steg , in: Werratalnachrichten, Mitteilungsblatt der Gemeinde Mihla…, year 1997, number 23, p. 13
- ^ Biedermann: Natural monuments in the Wartburg district; District Office Wartburgkreis, 2014, page 29 ff.
