Nazza

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Nazza municipality
Nazza
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of Nazza highlighted

Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′  N , 10 ° 20 ′  E

Basic data
State : Thuringia
County : Wartburg district
Management Community : Hainich-Werra Valley
Height : 250 m above sea level NHN
Area : 12.68 km 2
Residents: 535 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 42 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 99826
Area code : 036924
License plate : WAK, SLZ
Community key : 16 0 63 058
Association administration address: Michael-Praetorius-Platz 2
99831 Creuzburg
Website : www.nazza.de
Mayor : Marcus Fischer
Location of the community of Nazza in the Wartburg district
Amt Creuzburg Bad Liebenstein Bad Salzungen Barchfeld-Immelborn Berka vor dem Hainich Bischofroda Buttlar Dermbach Dermbach Empfertshausen Frankenroda Geisa Gerstengrund Gerstungen Hallungen Hörselberg-Hainich Krauthausen Lauterbach Leimbach Krayenberggemeinde Moorgrund Nazza Oechsen Ruhla Schleid Seebach Treffurt Unterbreizbach Vacha Weilar Werra-Suhl-Tal Wiesenthal Wutha-Farnroda Thüringenmap
About this picture

Nazza is a municipality in the north of the Wartburg district in Thuringia . It belongs to the administrative community Hainich-Werratal and is a national park community .

location

In the center of the village (2009)

Nazza is located on the western edge of the Hainich , protected in the valley of the Lempertsbach , a right tributary of the Werra . The small settlement of Wernershausen , which today consists of two historic farmsteads , also belongs to the village .

Neighboring communities in the Wartburg district are Hallungen in the north, the city of Treffurt in the west, Frankenroda in the southeast, and Amt Creuzburg in the south. In the north and east, Nazza borders the Unstrut-Hainich district .

history

Haineck castle ruins
The so-called castle
The coat of arms stone at the castle
In the local situation (2009)

The first written mention dates from December 30th (between 1015 and 1018). In this document, a place called "Nazaha" was assigned by Emperor Heinrich to the monastery at Fulda der Wildbann in the Thuringian Gau and the Mark Lupenzo (around Großenlupnitz ). After the town of Nazza, an aristocratic family called themselves “von Natza”, it could have been builders of the Altenburg on the (old) road to Hallungen . The district of Sättelstedt is named as Setinstete in a document dated December 30 (between 1015 and 1918).

Due to the location of Nazza on a pass road over the Hainich , the place owes its strategic importance, which was taken into account especially in the Middle Ages with the construction of castles and land defenses . Around 1385, at the instigation of Landgrave Balthasar of Thuringia , the construction of Haineck Castle as a border fortification in extension to the Mühlhäuser Landgraben began . In 1513, the Lords of Hopffgarten acquired the place, the castle and the local court. Until the beginning of the 19th century, Nazza was the seat of the Hopffgarten court . Nazza formed, with the villages of Frankenroda and Hallungen, an exclave of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha until 1918 . On September 22, 1907, the last reigning Duke Carl Eduard of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha visited the community with his wife Victoria Adelheid .

Around 1860, numerous Nazzaers followed the promotional offers to emigrate to the United States . In the 19th century, Nazza had become a commercial center. At first the weaving trade dominated , it had already developed in the village after the Thirty Years War . In the heyday around 1890 there were 86 weavers who were mainly able to earn their living with fist hand weaving . Around 1884, the Busch textile merchants from Mühlhausen tried to introduce the industry-standard publishing system in Nazza. This development was extremely worrying in view of the consequences of the Silesian weavers' uprising of 1844 for the weavers, which is why they founded a self-help association, which was initially financially supported by the Gotha state government. The basic range of the Nazza weavers consisted of scouring towels, hand towels, bed and linen items as well as simple woolen fabrics, the turnover of the Thuringian weavers' association Nazza in 1902 was around 250,000 marks. Compared to industrial textile production, however, the self-help association had no chance, so that the Nazza weaving mill was closed by the First World War . In 1893 the first Nazza cigar factory was built at Schmiedsrein , founded by the Mülhausen tobacco dealer Greim . The company preferred to employ women and existed as a cigar factory until 1967. After that, the company was converted to the manufacture and assembly of electrical components and, until the fall of the Wall, produced industrial companies in Eisenach as a supplier.

politics

Municipal council

The Nazza municipal council consists of eight council members.

  • Citizens for Nazza: 8 seats

(As of: local election on May 26, 2019 )

mayor

  • The honorary mayor Marcus Fischer was elected on February 24, 2013.

coat of arms

Nazza coat of arms
Blazon : “In green on a golden, arched shield base covered with a blue wave bar, a black grooved silver wall with a curved black gate opening, followed by a black grooved silver tower with a red pointed roof and golden knob, in the attached upper collar of the tower three arched black ones Window openings; In front of the wall there is a little silver plate with two crossed, black-handled, three-pronged forks with a golden leaf. "

flag

The flag is evenly white and green striped and centered with the municipal coat of arms.

Official seal

The official seal shows the municipal coat of arms with the inscription "THÜRINGEN • GEMEINDE NAZZA •".

Culture and sights

The Haineck castle ruins are located above the village . From there you get through shady beech forests to the Hainch-Rennsteig , an old border and roadway. The small settlement of Wernershausen is located about two kilometers southeast of Nazza. The town center with the castle of the Lords of Hopfgarten , the Christ Church and numerous old half-timbered houses is well worth seeing .

museum

The local history museum is located near the Nazza church. A focus of the exhibition is the representation of the rural and craft life in Nazza at the turn of the century.

Natural monuments

Several trees in the district are designated as natural monuments :

  • Twin beech in the Little Lentil Country
  • Oak under the cell house
  • European beech at the long Burghain

Regular events

In Nazza, the traditional fair is celebrated on the last weekend in October.

traffic

Haineck cycle path

The heavily frequented state road 1016, which connects Eisenach with Mühlhausen, runs through Nazza .

Personalities

A memorial stone erected by the community at the place of execution commemorates the fate of Barbara Hager , who was accused of being a witch and who was burned at the stake in Nazza Lotzengrund on May 10, 1681 in the presence of her underage children .

The painter and writer Thea de Haas (1885–1976), after whom a kindergarten in the community has been named since 1992, lived in the village.

Others

The village of Nazza and Haineck Castle are the literary scenes of the historical story Hans Henning Harseim juvenis by the writer Eleonore von Hopfgarten . In it she describes a tragic love story from the time of the Thirty Years War.

literature

  • Rainer Lämmerhirt : 600 years of Haineck Castle. Historical overview and structural features of an almost forgotten Thuringian castle . For the anniversary in 1992. Local administration, Nazza 1991, DNB 942191714 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics  ( help on this ).
  2. ^ August Beck: The history of the Gotha land. Volume I: History of the Regents. Gotha 1868, p. 38.
  3. ^ Stephan, Moschkau: The Nazza department store. Part 1 . In: Mihla municipal administration (ed.): WERRATAL news . Number 4. Verlag und Druck Linus Wittich KG, Fritzlar 1996, p. 10-11 .
  4. Stephan, Moschkau: Nazza cigars . In: Mihla municipal administration (ed.): WERRATAL news . Number 18. Verlag und Druck Linus Wittich KG, Fritzlar 1996, p. 13-14 .
  5. City council election 2019 in Thuringia - preliminary result. The regional returning officer, accessed on June 3, 2019 .
  6. Local elections in Thuringia on June 6, 2010. Elections for community and city council members. Preliminary results. The regional returning officer, accessed on June 6, 2010 .
  7. Main Statute, Section 1, Paragraph 1 (PDF)
  8. a b main statute § 1 (PDF).
  9. ^ Biedermann: Natural monuments in the Wartburg district. District Office Wartburgkreis, 2014, p. 24 ff.
  10. Th. Klinckhart: The Nazza witch trial. A contribution to the history of the village . In: Mihla municipal administration (ed.): WERRATAL news . Number 28. Verlag und Druck Linus Wittich KG, Fritzlar 1998, p. 15-17 .
  11. ^ Rainer Lämmerhirt: The act of "Hanns Henning Harseim" . In: Mihla municipal administration (ed.): WERRATAL news . Number 52/53. Publishing and printing Linus Wittich KG, Fritzlar 1992, p. 7 .

Web links

Commons : Nazza  - collection of images, videos and audio files