Daleminzier
As Daleminzier (also Daleminzen ) in the sources of the East Franconian Empire from the 8th to 10th century Slavs living on the Elbe are referred to. The area they inhabited was called Daleminzien (also Daleminzi or Daleminci ).
gau
The settlement area called Gau Daleminzi (pagus Daleminzi) comprised the Meißener Land and the Lommatzscher care between the Elbe and the area around Döbeln and Mügeln , but also extended over to the eastern side of the Elbe into the Großenhainer Land. According to Thietmar von Merseburg , the name came from the Germans. The historical name " Dalmatia " was obviously transferred to this Slavic group or region. They called themselves Glomaci (Glumaci) after the central sanctuary Glomuci , a spring pond near Lommatzsch or Paltzschen that had silted up since 1845 .
In the description of the Bavarian geographer from the end of the 9th century, the Daleminzians (Talaminzi) are referred to as the eastern neighbors of the (then) Sorbs , the number of their civitates (settlement units , areas ) - probably with a central castle complex - is given as 14.
history
First mentioned 805
The Daleminzians are mentioned for the first time on the occasion of a campaign in 805 against the Slavs, in particular against the Bohemians , which was led by Charles the Younger , a son of Charlemagne . Of the three armies sent against the Bohemians, that of the Saxons moved through the Werinofeld / Warnenfeld (Hwerenofelda) into the Demelchion area , fought against their King Semela and defeated him (Et ibi pugnaverunt contra regem eorum nomine Semela, et vicerunt eum) .
Expansion of Eastern Franconia
In August 856, the East Franconian King Ludwig II first moved with his army through the land of the Sorbs, whose dukes joined him, and then defeated the Daleminzians (Dalmatas) in a battle , who had to host him and pay tribute to him from moving through the land of Bohemia. 880 the glomacze tried (Dalmatii) together with Bohemia, Sorbs and other neighbors after a defeat of the Saxons by the Normans in Thuringia invade and "studied the the Thuringians devoted Slavs on the Saale with robbery and fire home." However, they could be repulsed by Poppo , the Duke of the Sorbian Mark .
After further wars with Konrad I , Heinrich I took to the field around 908 against the Daleminzians, who brought the Magyars (Hungarians) to help against him . The Daleminzians were finally subjugated and incorporated into the empire as the margraviate of Meißen in 928/29 after the destruction of their main castle Gana , which could be located with a probability bordering on certainty through archaeological excavations near Hof- Stauchitz on the small river Jahna . To secure the newly won territory, Heinrich founded Meißen Castle , which was probably lost again temporarily after the defeat of a Saxon army against the Bohemians in September 936.
For the first time in the 970s the Gau (pagus) Nisan was mentioned together with Daleminzien , which was used to describe the Dresden Elbe valley between Gauernitz and Pirna , which was also settled by Slavs .
literature
- Arne Schmid-Hecklau: Archaeological studies on the contacts between the brand area and Bohemia in the 10th and 11th centuries. In: Work and research reports on the preservation of monuments in Saxony. Vol. 45, 2003, ISSN 0402-7817 , pp. 231-261.
Remarks
- ^ Gertraud Eva Schrage: On the settlement policy of the Ottonians. Studies on the integration of the areas east of the Saale in the 10th century. in: Blätter für deutsche Landesgeschichte. Vol. 135. Mittler, Berlin 1999, pp. 189-268, here p. 205.