Desching (Koesching)

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Desching
Market Koesching
Coordinates: 48 ° 47 ′ 45 ″  N , 11 ° 29 ′ 26 ″  E
Height : 388–373 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 37  (May 25 1987)
Postal code : 85092
Area code : 08456

Desching is a district of the market Kösching in the district of Eichstätt in the administrative district of Upper Bavaria .

location

The hamlet is located southwest of the Kösching municipality on the Köschinger Bach in the Ingolstadt region .

history

In 1984 a richly decorated women's grave from the Bronze Age was found in the “Mühläcker” corridor . Traces of Roman settlement have been preserved to the north and east of the hamlet.

Desching may have originated during the Bavarian conquest in the 6th century. The hamlet is mentioned for the first time in connection with a local nobleman: in 1296 an Eberhard von "Teggerssen" documented it. 1330 the place is referred to as "Tegerschen". Until 1803 the hamlet was under the care court of Kösching of the Wittelsbach family , after that the district court and later district of Ingolstadt .

During the First World War, the construction of an ammunition plant ( Muna ) began in 1917/18 southwest of Desching . Only partially completed by the end of the war, from 1921 onwards it was one of the seven ammunition plants in the German Reich whose operation the newly founded Reichswehr had been granted under the provisions of the Versailles Treaty . During the time of National Socialism , the facility, officially known as the Heeres-Munitionsanstalt Ingolstadt , was further expanded by the Wehrmacht, which was founded in 1935 .

On January 15, 1945, the Muna was an alternative target in an American air raid on Ingolstadt , which, however, missed its actual target and instead largely destroyed the village of Feldkirchen to the south of it. On April 20, 1945, 80 American bombers attacked the Muna. The direct hit in an ammunition warehouse caused a huge explosion and wreaked havoc on the facility.

In the post-war period, the ammunition facility was used by the Deutsche Bundesbahn as a so-called main collection point ("Lokfriedhof") for the scrapping of locomotives until 1959 . Subsequent efforts by the Bundeswehr to establish an ammunition depot failed due to resistance from the surrounding communities. Instead, the oil company Esso acquired the Muna site and built an oil refinery that began operations in 1963 and is now operated by Gunvor .

The Deschingen settlement , which was built for the Muna in 1936/37 and until 1983 owned by the Federal Republic of Germany , is located in the Lentinger municipality. It had 104 inhabitants in 1973 and 161 in 1983.

In 1957/58 land consolidation was carried out in the Desching district . In 1972 Desching was incorporated into Kösching as part of the regional reform in Bavaria . With Kösching, the hamlet came from the dissolved district of Ingolstadt to the expanded district of Eichstätt. In 1973 the hamlet had 45 inhabitants and in 1983 34 inhabitants and consisted of seven full-time farms and a mill. Today there is a riding stables Badermühle.

literature

  • H. Witz: The place name Desching. In: Ingolstädter Heimatgeschichtsblätter 2 (1930), p. 29f.
  • W. Ernst: Observations and finds during the construction of the oil pipelines in the years 1963-1966. In: Collective sheet of the Historisches Verein Ingolstadt 78 (1969), pp. 57-63 (including Desching)
  • Steffen Lüdecke: A forgotten locomotive cemetery: the “Desching main collection camp”. In: Die Dampfbahn, Stuttgart 6. 1979, 21, pp. 6- (19)
  • The Eichstätter area past and present . Eichstätt, Sparkasse, first edition 1973, p. 157, second edition 1983, p. 180
  • Karl Heinz Rieder: Burials of the early Bronze Age from Ingolstadt and Demling. In: Collective sheet of the Historisches Verein Ingolstadt 96 (1987), pp. 165–175, especially pp. 170–172
  • Rare birds. A visit to the "Lokfriedhof" Desching . In: BAHN EXTRA No. 3/2010

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 82 ( digitized version ).
  2. ↑ Kösching in old views
  3. ↑ Development of the refinery , at www.gunvor-raffinerie-ingolstadt.de , accessed on March 4, 2018