Desiderio Scaglia

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Posthumous portrait of Cardinal Scaglia, a work from 1778, in the Peace Palace Library in The Hague

Desiderio Scaglia OP (originally Giovanni Battista Scaglia ; born September 26, 1568 in Brescia , † August 21, 1639 in Rome ) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.

Life

Commemorative plaque of Desiderio Scaglia, donated in 1653 by his nephew Deodato Scaglia, bishop of the diocese of Alessandria .

He was born into a family that originally came from Cremona . In fact, his father Giovanni Paolo and his wife Maria Cremona had to leave for Brescia after an argument shortly before the birth of their son. He was baptized Giovanni Battista on September 26, 1568 in the Church of San Clemente. He had a sister named Innocenza, mother of the Dominican and Bishop of Alessandria, Deodato Scaglia .

Desiderio Scaglia entered the convent of San Domenico of the Dominican Order in Cremona in 1584. With the vow he took on the religious name Desiderio. He later resided in Brescia until 1592. From 1595 to 1596 he completed his studies at the Dominican Study House in Bologna , after which he taught theology in Cremona and other cities in Lombardy . He gained a great reputation as a theologian and was appointed inquisitor in the dioceses of Pavia , Cremona and Milan during the pontificate of Pope Clement VIII .

He was called to Rome as a representative of the Holy Office , where he was responsible for conducting examinations and checking the books. Scaglia was the author of a manual for inquisitors in Italian with the title Prattica per procedere nelle cause del S. Officio o Relatione copiosa di tutte le materie spettanti al tribunale del S. Officio , which was preserved as a manuscript . In the handbook, he illustrated some methods of interrogation under torture , but also explained moderate theses and innovations such as the need for material evidence in cases of witchcraft . During his tenure, he was faced with lawsuits against Tommaso Campanella , Marcantonio de Dominis, Cyril Lucaris and Galileo Galilei .

Pope Paul V elevated him to the rank of cardinal in the consistory of January 11, 1621 . After participating in the conclave of 1621 , in which Pope Gregory XV. was elected, he received the titular church of San Clemente on March 3 of the same year as cardinal priest .

Two weeks later, on March 17th, he was elected Bishop of Melfi and Rapolla . He was ordained bishop on May 16 of the same year in the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore by Cardinal Giovanni Battista Leni ; Co- consecrators were Giovanni Luigi Pasolini , Bishop of Segni , and Fabrizio Landriani , Bishop of Pavia .

On November 14, 1622 he was transferred to the Diocese of Como . He took part in the conclave of 1623 , in which Pope Urban VIII was elected.

On January 7, 1626 he gave up his diocese and on February 9 of the same year he decided on the cardinal title Santi XII Apostoli , which he held until October 6, 1627 when he chose the title of San Carlo al Corso . In 1632 he was chamberlain to the Holy College of Cardinals .

He died on August 21, 1639 and was buried in the Basilica of Santi Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso .

Desiderio Scaglia was a great collector of works of art and treasured sacred poetry inspired by Giambattista Marino . He wrote a spiritual idyll with the title Affetto estatico alle Stigmati di san Francesco , which was included in the anthology of Silvestro da Poppi Sette canzoni di sette autori famosi in lode del Serafico Padre S. Francesco , printed in Florence in 1606.

literature

Web links

Commons : Desiderio Scaglia  - collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Aurelio Archinti Bishop of Como
1622–1625 		Lazzaro Caraffino
Placido della Marra Bishop of Melfi e Rapolla
1621–1622 		Lazzaro Caraffino
personal data
SURNAME Scaglia, Desiderio
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Scaglia, Giovanni Battista (original name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian cardinal
DATE OF BIRTH September 26, 1568
PLACE OF BIRTH Brescia
DATE OF DEATH August 21, 1639
Place of death Rome