Schönefeld village church

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Schönefeld village church

The Evangelical village church Schönefeld is a late Romanesque field stone church in Schönefeld , a municipality in the Dahme-Spreewald district in the state of Brandenburg . The church belongs to the parish district Neukölln of the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Oberlausitz .

location

The federal highway 96a leads from the southwest in a northeast direction through the place. In the historic center of the Angerdorf , the church road leads elliptically in a south-easterly direction around the building. There the church stands on a raised church cemetery , which is partly enclosed with a wall of uncut and not layered field stones , partly with a simple chain link fence .

history

In the middle of the 13th century - probably after 1240 - craftsmen built a nave from field stones with a recessed rectangular choir and an elliptical apse . There were probably three, two in the choir and three to four windows in the nave. Engeser and Stehr point out that the windows visible in the 21st century were not installed in their original positions; their distance from one another is too small. To the west of the window, traces of repair can also be seen on the south wall, which indicate a window further west. The absence of a church tower can also be seen in the original structure. The western wall is significantly thicker than the other walls in the nave, which is more indicative of a gable tower. During this time the parish was equipped with three hooves . Engeser and Stehr assume that it was therefore founded before the Brandenburg tithe dispute of 1237. At that time the eastern part of the Teltow still belonged to the House of Wettin . It is conceivable that the construction took place in two stages: In the first stage, craftsmen built the apse and choir as well as the lower layers of the nave up to the community portals . In a second section, these were raised and the western section was built. The lowest three to four layers are continuous on the nave and choir and only end at the portals mentioned. Separate lines run west of it; the base has a different height. Engeser and Stehr point out, however, that these changes could also be due to later renovations. On the other hand, it is relatively certain that in 1619 the ship was raised by two layers. In the same year craftsmen built a bell tower from truss , which rested on a massive west wall. In 1850 further work was carried out, the scope of which is not known. In the years 1904 and 1905, however, the building was massively changed by Franz Schwechten . For example, the churches in Alt Madlitz and Gröben were rebuilt under his leadership . In Schönefeld he had all the windows re-framed and "romanised". The west portal was redesigned and the half-timbered structure in the west tower was replaced by field stone. There was also a sacristy and a chapel with a hereditary burial for Karl and Bertha Wrede. During the Second World War , the church was partially destroyed and repaired between 1953 and 1957 according to designs by Walter Krüger . Waldemar Otto carried out the execution . Since there was no money for a new organ , a harmonium was purchased. The interior was redesigned around 1695. In 1992, the renovated church the masonry and let the roof of church and chapel with beavertail stock up. At the end of the 1980s there were considerations to order a new organ from the Potsdam company Alexander Schuke Potsdam Orgelbau . However, after the fall of the Berlin Wall , this plan was not pursued. Instead, the organist uses an organ chest from the Gewandhaus in Leipzig from now on . During a visit to the partner church in Transylvania in Romania , the idea arose to export an instrument from there to Germany. However, this failed because of the legal provisions for the export of cultural goods. In 2018 the parish is pursuing the plan to purchase a new organ with the help of donations and subsidies. The style should be based on the works of Gottfried Silbermann and cost between 275,000 and 350,000 euros.

Building description

View from the east

The structure was essentially built from field stones, which were mostly layered and carved comparatively carefully. The apse is 6.36 m wide and about 3.45 m arched. There are three narrow arched windows, of which the middle one could be in the original place. The two side windows are shifted towards the ship; the southern window stronger than the northern one. The symmetry that was originally presumed to exist no longer exists. In the upper area, significantly smaller, sometimes less precisely hewn field stones were built. Above it is a conical roof.

The lower area of ​​the east wall of the choir was built from carefully layered field stones. The craftsmen used significantly smaller and unhewn stones in the gable . It is therefore conceivable that this area was boarded up at an earlier time. Plaster residues are not visible. In the middle of the roof ridge is a small, high rectangular window. The choir is 7.50 m long, 7.88 m wide and drawn in opposite the nave. Here, too, the masonry is carried out comparatively carefully. Two windows are installed on the north side. The shape of the eastern one could correspond to the original window; However, it was moved, as repair work in the western area of ​​the reveal shows. Next to it is a romanized window that was enlarged during the renovation work at the beginning of the 20th century. The southern choir wall is partially covered by the extension. To the east is a round arched window followed by an ox-eye above the extension. The sacristy can be entered from the west through a portal. It is possible that for the walls of this window the stones were used that were obtained when the priest portal on the south side was demolished. The choir has a simple gable roof .

The ship is around 14.58 m long and around 10.75 m wide. The foundations of the choir and nave run from the east to the community gates in the first lower layers identical, above they are different. This could indicate that they were built in different phases. It is also noticeable that the upper layers were no longer carved as carefully compared to the apse and choir. There are four windows on the north side of the nave; three of them large and arched from the period 1904/1905. The fourth window to the west is smaller and raised. Below the larger window to the west is a clogged community gate. On the south side there are three windows that are also not in their original positions. In the western area, attempts were made to completely disappear the originally existing community gate through repair work. Another repair area can be seen to the west of this. It is possible that there was another window there at an earlier time. At the transition from the choir to the nave is a rectangular sacristy. It can be entered from the ship through a rectangular door that was built in place of the original priestly gate.

The west tower was added in place of a gable tower at the beginning of the 19th century. On the lower floor it takes up the full width of the nave. There is a large arched portal to the west, which was probably not built until the renovation work in 1904 and 1905. Above that there are two rectangular openings in the gable. Above it are a tower clock on each of the four sides, followed by three sound arcades on the west and east side and one sound arcade on the north and south sides. The tower has a transverse hipped roof with a tower ball and cross.

Furnishing

The church interior is modern and comes from the redesign in the 1960s, including the altar and the fifth , each made of bronze . Colored, figurative glass paintings are built into the apse windows. The triumphal arch and the apse arch are round arched.

The inside of the structure is flat covered. A bell from the 13th century with an incised inscription hangs in the tower.

Next to the church is a cemetery chapel from around 1910. The gothic building was built from quarry stone masonry with a three-sided choir closure. Some structural elements were highlighted with reddish bricks. The windows are decorated with lead glass and three-pass ; the interior is richly painted. There is a simple altar table with a simple cross.

In the surrounding churchyard there are three rows of hereditary burials as well as elaborately designed grave stelae from the end of the 19th century to the 1940s, including a cast iron grave for Philipp Gröschel from around 1850. North-west of the church, a stele commemorates the plane crash of the Alas-Nacionales- Flight 301 from 1996, which made a stopover at Berlin-Schönefeld Airport . The accident is the incident with most of the German casualties in civil aviation.

literature

Web links

Commons : Dorfkirche (Schönefeld near Berlin)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Josefine Sack: Schönefeld village church receives new organ . In: Märkische Allgemeine , July 1, 2018, accessed on July 4, 2018.

Coordinates: 52 ° 23 ′ 13.8 "  N , 13 ° 30 ′ 22.7"  E