Cheekbones
| Cheekbones | ||||||||||||
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Long-haired cheekbones ( Dorycnium hirsutum ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Dorycnium | ||||||||||||
| Mill. |
Cheeky clover ( Dorycnium ) is a genus of plants in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae). The ten or so species occur from the Mediterranean region to the Canary Islands and western Asia.
description
Dorycnium species are summer or evergreen herbaceous plants , subshrubs or small shrubs with thin, grooved, finely hairy, green branches. The alternately arranged leaves are sitting. The imparipinnate leaf blades consist of five or seven leaflets with entire margins or three terminal leaves and two similar stipules arranged at the base. The actual stipules are completely stunted.
The flowers are arranged in axillary, head-shaped inflorescences at the ends of the stem axes. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused bell-shaped and the calyx ends regularly with five teeth or weakly two lipped. The five white to light-pink petals form a corolla typical of butterflies with a mostly black-violet tip. The wings have a bulge ("cheek", which led to the German common name of the genus). Of the ten stamens , nine are fused and one is free. The single carpel is on top. The legumes are round to egg-shaped with a length of 3 to 12 millimeters and contain one to many seeds.
distribution
The distribution area of the genus Dorycnium includes the Mediterranean area , northwest Africa and the Canary Islands .
Systematics
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The genus Dorycnium belongs to the tribe loteae in the subfamily Schmetterlingsblütler (Faboideae) within the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). It was established in 1754 by Philip Miller in The Gardeners Dictionary ... Abridged ... , 4th edition. Before the introduction of the binary nomenclature by Carl von Linné , the generic name Dorycnium chosen by Miller was used for two completely different plant families, namely for the olive-leaved bindweed ( Convolvulus oleifolius ) and for poisonous plants that can no longer be precisely determined, possibly from the genus of the nightshade ( Solanum ) .
At times the approximately ten species were classified by some authors in the genus Hornklee ( Lotus ), in Lotus sect. Dorycnium (Mill.) DDSokoloff and Lotus sect. Bonjeanea (Reichenb.) DDSokoloff classified.
There are about ten species of Dorycnium :
- Dorycnium axilliflorum Hub.-Mor. : It occurs in the Asian part of Turkey.
- Dorycnium broussonetii (Choisy ex Ser.) Webb : Only occurs in Tenerife and Gran Canaria .
- Dorycnium eriophthalmum (Webb) Webb : is endemic to the Canary Islands except Lanzarote and Fuerteventura .
- Dorycnium fulgurans (Porta) Lassen : It is endemic to the Balearic Islands.
- Dorycnium graecum (L.) Ser. : It occurs in Southeast Europe and West Asia.
- Wire-haired cheek clover or long-haired cheek clover ( Dorycnium hirsutum (L.) Ser. ): It occurs in southern Europe, in North Africa and in western Asia and is a neophyte in New Zealand.
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Dorycnium pentaphyllum Scop. : It occurs in southern and central Europe, in North Africa and in West Asia and is a neophyte in New Zealand. With the following subspecies and varieties:
- Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. amani (Zohary) Ponert
- Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. anatolicum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Gams : Turkey and the area of Lebanon and Syria.
- Dorycnium pentaphyllum var. Candicans (Costa) O. Bolòs & Vigo
- German cheek clover or silk cheek clover ( Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. Germanicum (Gremli) chamois , syn .: Dorycnium germanicum (Gremli) Rikli )
- Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. gracile (Jord.) Rouy : Algeria, Spain, France.
- Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. haussknechtii (Boiss.) Gams : Turkey, Syria.
- Herbaceous cheekbones ( Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. Herbaceum (Vill.) Rouy , Syn .: Dorycnium herbaceum Vill. )
- Five-leaved cheekbones ( Dorycnium pentaphyllum subsp. Pentaphyllum ): Algeria, Tunisia, Portugal, Spain, France, Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Italy.
- Dorycnium rectum (L.) Ser. : It occurs in southern Europe, in the Middle East and in North Africa.
- Dorycnium sanguineum Vural : It occurs only in the Asian part of Turkey.
- Dorycnium spectabile (Choisy ex Ser.) Webb : Only occurs in Tenerife .
- Dorycnium strictum (Fisch. & CAMey.) Lassen : It occurs in Southeast Europe and Asia.
use
Representatives of the genus are rarely cultivated.
proof
literature
- Andreas Roloff, Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods. Purpose, properties and use . 3rd, corrected edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6 , pp. 271-272 .
- Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 , p. 582 .
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-16-7 , p. 215 (reprint from 1996).
Individual evidence
- ↑ German name after Roloff et al .: Flora of the woods and fishermen, Adler, Oswald: excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol .
- ↑ a b c d Roloff et al .: Flora of the Woods , pp. 451–452
- ^ Fischer, Adler, Oswald: Exkursionsflora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol , p. 565
- ^ A b Dorycnium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved February 3, 2012.
- ↑ Exactly: Etymological Dictionary of Botanical Plant Names , p. 215
- ↑ e.g. GJ Allan, EA Zimmer, WL Wagner, DD Sokoloff: Molecular phylogenetic analyzes of tribe Loteae (Leguminosae): implications for classification and biogeography. In: Advances in legume systematics. Volume 10, 2003, pp. 371-393.
- ↑ DD Sokoloff: On taxonomy and phylogeny of the tribe Loteae DC. (Leguminosae). In: Bjulleten 'Moskovskogo Obscestva Ispytatelej Prirody, Otdel biologiceskij (Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists, Biology Series). Volume 108, No. 3, 2003, pp. 35–48 (here: p. 43), (DJVU file; 9 MB) (Russian).
- ^ Dorycnium. In: The Plant List. Retrieved June 22, 2012 (English).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Enter Dorycnium in the search mask at ILDIS = International Legume Database & Information Service .
- ^ Dorycnium at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b c M. Arechavaleta, S. Rodríguez, N. Zurita, A. García (eds.): Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias. Hongos, plantas y animales terrestres. 2009. Gobierno de Canarias 2010, ISBN 978-84-89729-21-6 , p. 133 (PDF file; 12.5 MB) ( Memento of the original from November 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was created automatically used and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
