ECA settlement

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Information booklet for the exhibition for the ECA competition in Lübeck 1952 (bulletin of the Working Group for Contemporary Building eV No. 37 of September 1, 1952 )


ECA-Siedlung is the name of several settlements that were built in Germany after the Second World War , financed with funds from the ERP (= European Recovery Program ), for which the American Economic Cooperation Administration ( ECA ) was responsible.

prehistory

In order to remedy the large housing shortage after the destruction of World War II and the influx of refugees and displaced persons from the German eastern regions into the western part of Germany, a number of larger housing projects were supported within the framework of and with funds from the Marshall Plan in the 1950s.

The representation of the ECA (= Economic Cooperation Administration = Administration for Economic Cooperation) in Europe for the ERP (= European Recovery Program = European Reconstruction Program ) initiated by the US Secretary of State George C. Marshall in 1947 , the so-called "Marshall Plan “) Was responsible, in the summer of 1949 asked the various German organizations and associations, including the trade union council in Frankfurt aM , to make suitable suggestions as to how one could help the refugees in Germany using Marshall Plan funds.

The first major housing project that started immediately afterwards was that of Dr. hc Hans Böckler , who later became chairman of the German trade union federation , initiated the so-called " ERP program 10,000 refugee apartments ", which was implemented in Schleswig-Holstein from September 1949 on the basis of the type buildings and model floor plans of the Kiel working group for contemporary building. was realized.

ECA competition

Two years after the start of the " ERP program 10,000 refugee apartments ", the Federal Ministry for Housing and the ECA launched a realization competition for architects and construction companies in the summer of 1951 , which went down in history as the ECA competition . Most of the subsequently built settlements still bear the name ECA settlement or MSA settlement today. One of the requirements was to build small apartments as cheaply as possible at a fixed price; of social housing should be promoted.

The financing of the housing projects was initially carried out by the US Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA) established in 1948 , and from 1951 by the Mutual Security Agency (MSA) .

ECA settlements

The MSA settlement Scharnhorst in the 1950s

* Nuremberg - Langwasser

MSA settlements

Literature and Sources

  • Hans H. Hanke: Eigenheime - inhabited bulwarks of democracy. Swiss Pestalozzidörfer for mountain apprentices and American MSA miners' settlements as examples of the reorganization of West German living culture. In: Scientific journal of the Weimar University of Architecture and Construction. Vol. 39/1993. Series A: Issue 1/2. Weimar, Waldbröhl 1993, pp. 59–72
  • Likewise, Hans H. Hanke in: Clemens, Gabriele: Cultural Policy in Occupied Germany 1945–1949. Stuttgart 1994, pp. 9-38
  • Astrid Holz, Dietmar Walberg, et al: Settlements from the 1950s - modernization or demolition? Methodology for making decisions about demolition, modernization or new construction in settlements from the 1950s. Final report. Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning -BBR-, Bonn (sponsor); Working group for contemporary building e. V., Kiel (executive body) ISBN 978-3-8167-7481-5
  • Wandersleb, Hermann ; Schoszberger, Hans : New housing - new ways of housing construction as a result of the ECA tender (Volume I / building planning); Ravensburg, 1952
  • Wandersleb, Hermann (Ed.) New Housing - Volume II / Implementation of experimental settlements ; Ravensburg, 1958
  • Wandersleb, Hermann: First research results of the building research in the ECA development buildings , in: Bundesbaublatt April 1953, 2nd year, issue 4, pages 137-144

Individual evidence

  1. ^ * Working group for contemporary building eV (Ed.): Johannes Scharre, Ulrich Haake: "The construction of 10,000 refugee apartments in Schleswig-Holstein (ERP special program 1950) - result, method, experiences and conclusions", / Working group for productive refugee aid eV ; (Research report on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Housing No. 148 (2404/05)); Building research report of the Working Group for Contemporary Building eV No. 2, Kiel 1952, p. 10
  2. ↑ Wandersleb, Hermann ; Schoszberger, Hans : New housing - new ways of housing construction as a result of the ECA tender (Volume I / building planning); Ravensburg, 1952
  3. ↑ Georg Barke , Wilhelm Hatopp ( arrangement ): Neighborhood settlement on Mittelfelde as well as ECA settlement in this: New building in Hanover: Builders, architects, building trade, construction industry report on the planning and execution of the construction years 1948 to 1954 (= monographs of the building industry , Episode 23), Vol. 1, ed. from the press office of the capital Hanover in cooperation with the municipal building management, Stuttgart: Aweg Verlag Max Kurz, 1955, pp. 20-25

Web links

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