Eberhard von Holle

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Eberhard von Holle

Eberhard von Holle (* 1531/32 in Uchte ; † July 5, 1586 in Lübeck ) was Bishop of Lübeck from 1561 , at the same time abbot of the Michaeliskloster Lüneburg and from 1564 administrator of the Verden diocese .

Life

Youth and Abbot of St. Michaelis in Lüneburg

Eberhard's father Johann Holle was Drost zu Bokeloh (Wunstorf) , Ricklingen and Uchte . His brothers are mentioned several times as colonels of the war. In 1549 he entered the school of the St. Michaelis monastery in Lüneburg . From 1550 he studied at the University of Wittenbwerg . Before 1555 he entered this monastery as a conventual under his uncle, the first Lutheran abbot Herbort von Holle (December 13, 1532 to December 12, 1555). Upon his death he was immediately elected abbot because of the threat of confiscation of the monastery, but in 1564 he changed this title (perhaps to secure the property) to “Lord of the House of St. Michaelis”.

Bishop of Lübeck

Eberhard von Holles coat of arms from Gut Kaltenhof , 1586
Relief with an inscription from Gut Kaltenhof, today at the Bad Schwartau district court

On May 16, 1561, at the instigation of the Holstein nobility and the King of Denmark, he was appointed coadjutor of Bishop Johannes Tiedemann by the cathedral chapter of the Lübeck diocese . Only two months later, after Tiedemann's death, he succeeded him as bishop. Eberhard von Holle, whose Lutheran position was by no means clear and who is characterized by research as a diplomat and opportunist , even managed to obtain papal confirmation of his election in 1562, after he had also been recognized by the emperor through the granting of regalia . With the introduction of the Reformation in the city of Lübeck in 1531 and in the Holstein regions, he no longer had any spiritual power, but was still imperial prince and sovereign in the Lübeck bishopric .

The Reformation brought Johannes Bugenhagen to Lübeck in 1530/31. From 1535 the main part of Lübeck Cathedral became Lutheran. In the chapter and the eastern choir, which is subordinate to the bishop, the celebration of the Lutheran service was not enforced until 1571 by Eberhard, whereas the cathedral chapter sued in a process before the Imperial Court of Justice. Due to a complicated electoral process, there were still Catholic canons until 1803.

Administrator of Verden

On February 4, 1564, Bishop Georg von Braunschweig-Lüneburg accepted him as coadjutor of Verden, whereupon he immediately took over administration on December 18, 1566 after Georg's death, without waiting for the election on February 21, 1567.

In 1574 he reached an agreement with Duke Wilhelm von Lüneburg on the border between the Diocese of Verden and the Principality of Lüneburg and the County of Hoya . The negotiations had lasted 20 years. The border was marked with numerous hewn stones ( Snedenstein, Schwedenstein or Hauenstein ), which show the episcopal cross on one side and the Lüneburg lion or the Hoya bear paws on the other. Inscriptions between Verden Abbey and County Hoya read:

DES • STIFTES • VERDEN (coat of arms) V • G • G • EVERHARDT • FROM • HOL LE • BISHOP • TO • LUBECK • ADMI NISTRATOR • DES • STIFTES VERDEN • ABET • AND • HERE • FROM HUSE • TO • SANCTE • MICHELI IN • LUNEBURG • ANNO • 1575

THE • GRAVESCHAVE • HOIA GRENSE (coat of arms) TE • GRAVE • TOR • HOIA • UN D • BROCKHUSEN

In 1576 he appointed Friedrich Dedekind (1524–1598) as pastor at the Michaeliskirche in Lüneburg and as inspector of the churches in Verden. Eberhard signed as bishop of Lubeck and administrator of Verden the Formula of Concord of 1577 and the Book of Concord of the 1580th

In the course of the introduction of the Reformation in Verden Abbey (1568), he founded, renewed and expanded the existing Latin school at Verden Cathedral in 1578, today's Verden Cathedral Gymnasium .

He owned several solid locks. He bought his brother Johann an estate in Mulmshorn (OT von Rotenburg (Wümme) ), which stretched across the entire village.

Since he owned the Diocese of Verden, contrary to the Passau Treaty and the Peace of Augsburg , he had never received the papal confirmation - but had not asked for it either. The Curia therefore called him on April 15, 1583, the most vicious monsters .

He died as a result of a serious fall and was buried in the Church of St. Michaelis. In April 1965, when the entrance hall of the Domgymnasium was redesigned, he was commemorated as the founder.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Enrollment of Eberhardus von Holle
  2. ↑ Wolf Dieter Hauschild: Church History Lübeck , Lübeck 1981, p. 255
  3. ↑ See BSLK , p. 15 and p. 762.

literature

Web links

predecessor Office successor
Georg of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel Bishop of Verden
1566–1586 		Philipp Sigismund of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
John IX Tiedemann Bishop of Lübeck
1561–1586 		Johann Adolf of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf
personal data
SURNAME Eberhard von Holle
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Lübeck
DATE OF BIRTH 1531 or 1532
PLACE OF BIRTH Uchte
DATE OF DEATH July 5, 1586
Place of death Lübeck