Eichbach (Murr)

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Eichbach
Data
Water code DE : 2383872
location Swabian-Franconian forest mountains

Neckar basin

Baden-Württemberg

River system Rhine
Drain over Murr  → Neckar  → Rhine  → North Sea
source in Hardtwald west of the Bülzbergs
48 ° 58 '22 "  N , 9 ° 20' 37"  O
Source height approx.  315  m above sea level NHN
muzzle between Kirchberg an der Murr and the associated Rundsmühlhof from the right and northeast into the lower Murr coordinates: 48 ° 56 '43 "  N , 9 ° 19' 7"  E 48 ° 56 '43 "  N , 9 ° 19' 7"  E
Mouth height little below  204.1  m above sea level NHN
Height difference approx. 110.9 m
Bottom slope approx. 27 ‰
length 4.1 km
Catchment area 4.104 km²

The Eichbach is a body of water in the border area of ​​the district of Ludwigsburg and the Rems-Murr district in central Baden-Württemberg , which flows from the right into the lower Murr after about four kilometers, south to southwest, below Kirchberg an der Murr .

geography

course

The Eichbach arises about two kilometers northeast of the center of the Marbach district of Rielingshausen in the Hardtwald at the west foot of the 376.3  m above sea level. NHN Bülzbergs . At a forest path star at about 315  m above sea level. NHN , a little away from the K 1607 Kleinaspach – Rielingshausen, meet two two to three hundred meter long upper valleys, the flatter one from the northwest and a frequently water-bearing blade from the northeast, which is higher on the mountain at about 340  m above sea level. NHN uses.

The brook first flows along the county road about half a kilometer south to the edge of the open field at about 305  m above sea level. NHN . From there, it follows the edge of the field in the forest for a longer period of time in the forest with a bed that is up to one and a half meters wide, sometimes dry falling, and takes on the periodic runoff of another almost 700 meter long blade from the northeast from the southern slope of the Bülzberg.

Then it turns in a small alder grove on the edge of the L 1124 Frühmeßhof –Rielingshausen on the now constant south-west course in an open landscape. After crossing under the street and crossing under the historic salt road immediately afterwards, now a farm road, the stream is followed by a field path, beyond which there is soon a small pond of just under 0.1 hectares on the right. About 300 meters after the road, a 0.8 km long meadow ditch flows from the last east, which begins a little south of the Frühmeßhof.

Immediately after its confluence, the Eichbach sinks in the Gewann Schelmenhölzle in a closely surrounding field wood in a sinkhole; on the next three hundred meters of its now clearly deepened, but initially still shallow valley, there is no more open run to be found, only again at the beginning of the so-called Eichbachklinge . This begins at the foot of the small Büchle forest on the left slope, which stretches a little over the stream to the right foot of the slope.

In the forest area, the often dry stream is sometimes reinforced by two watercourses from the east, initially a forest blade stream close to the entrance to the forest, which begins its course as a field ditch on the left edge in the middle of the Kirchheimer Obertorhöfe. After a short succession of sinkholes on the right lower slope, there is a small, abandoned shell limestone quarry on the left. A chain of sinkholes, partly connected by a ditch, leads down from the slope on the southern edge of the Büchle , and a short watercourse sinks into one of the sinkholes, which probably also feeds the Eichbach underground.

This initially continues to run southwest in the forest, above which most of the left slope is soon also arable land. A road from Rielingshausen to Kirchberg an der Murr crosses it. Finally, the corridor opens up for the last less than a kilometer of the stream in its own valley. There are now orchards and fields on the left slope above leisure plots on its property , on the right, sun-exposed slope, divided by many old vineyard walls, initially fruit meadows and overgrown vineyards, later cultivated vineyards on the Eisenberg valley spur , which continue around the spur on the right Murrtal slope .

After the stream between the Eisenberg on the right and the Engelsberg on the left has passed through the Kirchberg sewage treatment plant, it changes under the K 1834 on the right edge of the river bed to the right valley floodplain of Brühl der Murr, which is a quarter of a kilometer wide , which it crosses in a dead straight ditch. Finally, it flows into a little below 204  m above sea level. NHN opposite the Backnang – Ludwigsburg railway line from the right and northeast into the lower Murr .

After a 4.1 km long run, the Eichbach flows with a mean slope of approx. 27 ‰ about 111 meters below its origin at the fork in the forest.

Catchment area

The Eichbach has a catchment area of ​​4.1 km² in which it runs significantly closer to the right watershed on the middle course. From a natural spatial point of view, its uppermost parts in the Hardtwald belong to the sub-area of ​​the Southwestern Löwenstein Mountains of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Mountains , which is followed downstream by a strip of the sub-area of ​​the Outer Backnanger Bay of the Neckar Basin , before the rest of the area is completely in the beginning of the Eichbachklinge Lower area Inner Backnanger Bay of Neckar Bay is located. The 377.6  m above sea level. NHN highest point is on the plateau of the Bülzberg at its northeast corner, while the Kaisersberg at the northwest corner is only 348.2  m above sea level. Reached NHN .

Here in the north borders the catchment area of ​​the Gäfenklinge , which also flows into the Murr via the Kaisersbach and then the (Steinheimer) Otterbach a little further down the Eichbach . In the further course of the right, northwestern watershed, the Kaisersbach catchment area continues, later that of the Weidenbach , the shorter and next downward tributary of the Murr River that is emerging in Rielingshausen. The area behind the left and southeastern watershed, on the other hand, drains in the higher part to the long Wüstenbach , which also reaches the Murr upstream , the northernmost part behind the Bülzberg via its inlet Diebsbrunnenbach , in the lower part via insignificant dry valleys or at best short watercourses in and around Kirchberg also to the Murr .

The forest is almost entirely limited to the northern part and there belongs to the wide and closed Hardt Forest . Otherwise there is only a little forest in the Büchle on the left middle course and then also on the valley floor at a small width. The rest of the open landscape is mostly under the plow, with the exception of the valley floor of the Eichbach and its only major tributary. Wine is grown on the right Eisenberg spur to the Murrtal.

The Hardt forest in the north is fragmented into several communities. The origin and the uppermost course are in the small forest enclave of the municipality of Pleidelsheim far to the west, but the area of ​​the town of Steinheim an der Murr extends almost as far as the course from the west . A small remaining strip of forest and the adjoining open area to the right of the stream are predominantly in the area of ​​the village of Rielingshausen , which is an exclave of the also quite distant municipality of Marbach am Neckar . On the last part of Lauf im Wald there is the forest enclave of the Erdmannhausen community on the left , east of which in the east a gusset belongs to another exclave of Marbach that only includes forest. The largest part of the area before Rielingshausen - thanks to the greater width to the left on the middle course and because its area on the lower course extends over to the Eisenberg - belongs to the municipality of Kirchberg an der Murr , which belongs to the Rems-Murr district , while all the rest of the named are in the district of Ludwigsburg .

There is no settlement on the brook itself, but in the catchment area there are two agricultural buildings from Rielingshausen between the Hardt forest border and the L 1124, the Kirchberg hamlet Frühmeßhof on the left on the southern edge of the Hardtwald and its scattered Aussiedlerhof group Obertorhöfe on the left above the Mittellauf. Rielingshausen, which is even outside, extends almost to the right watershed.

Tributaries and lakes

List of tributaries and RiverIcon-SmallLake.svglakes from source to mouth. Length of water, lake area, catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted.

Origin of the Eichbach at about 315  m above sea level. NHN in the Hardtwald at the west foot of the Bülzberg ( 376.3  m above sea level ) at a fork in the forest close to the K 1607 Kleinaspach – Rielingshausen at the confluence of a blade crack and a flat valley basin.

  • (Blade crack from the western Bülzberg down), left upper reaches from the northeast, below 0.3 km and below 0.1 km². Arises at about 340  m above sea level. NHN on the upper western slope of the Bülzberg . Inconsistently water-bearing.
  • (Obertalmulde), right upper reaches from the northwest, under 0.3 km and under 0.1 km². Arises on at most 322  m above sea level. NHN on the saddle of the Gäfenklinge . According to the map, it is unclear whether a permanent stream bed exists.
  • ( Blade crack from southern Bülzberg down), from the left and northeast to about 297  m above sea level. NHN at the beginning of the alder grove in front of the L 1124, approx. 0.7 km and approx. 0.3 km². Arises at about 323  m above sea level. NHN in the execution stable on the edge of the Marbacher to the Erdmannhausen forest dungeon.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgPassed at about 294  m above sea level. NHN a pond beyond the accompanying field path on the right bank after crossing under the L 1124 Frühmeßhof – Rielingshausen, just under 0.1 ha.
  • (Wiesenbach from the Frühmeßhof), from the left and east-northeast to about 288  m above sea level. NHN approx. 0.3 km after crossing under the L 1124 Frühmeßhof – Rielingshausen, 0.8 km and approx. 0.7 km² Arises at about 309  m above sea level. NHN near a water house a little south of the Frühmeßhof.
    Immediately after this inflow, the stream disappears in the sinkhole of a sinkhole.
  • ( Blade inlet in the northern Büchle ), from the left and east to about 280  m above sea level. NHN after the reinsertion of the stream bed at the beginning of the Klingental forest, approx. 1.0 km and approx. 0.3 km². Arises at about 330  m above sea level. NHN as an inconsistent water-bearing ditch on the street connecting the Kirchheimer Obertorhöfe .
  • (Trench-connecting chain of sinkholes with a watercourse flowing in it on the southern edge of the Büchles ), from the left and east to around 270  m NHN in the area of ​​an abandoned quarry. approx. 0.3 km and approx. 0.3 km². Starts at about 310  m above sea level. NHN .

Mouth of the Eichbach from the right and northeast to a little below 204.1  m above sea level. NHN im Brühl and across from the Backnang – Ludwigsburg railway down from Kirchberg an der Murr to the lower Murr . The stream is 4.1 km long from its origin at the fork in the forest and has a 4.1 km² catchment area.

geology

The geologically highest tertiary layers are on the northwest and especially northeast corner of the catchment area in the Hardtwald. The summit of the Bülzberg is covered by a layer of silica sandstone ( Hassberge Formation ), around which there is a ring of Lower Colorful Marls ( Steigerwald Formation ), around this in turn a broad zone of reed sandstone ( Stuttgart Formation ). Opposite the uppermost valley basin, on the northwest corner on the somewhat lower Kaisersberg, however, the layer package only extends as far as the Lower Bunter Marln, surrounded by a narrow reed sandstone zone.

Below this is the Gipskeuper ( grave field formation ) in some layer islands down to the opposite of the Büchle . On the left of the creek basin, on the other hand, after the inlet of the Wiesenbach from the Frühmeßhof, Lettenkeuper ( Erfurt formation ) lies , also in islands up to the peaks of the two spurs on the Murrtal edge. The Upper Muschelkalk below begins in the valley basin soon after entering the forest and then extends continuously to the end of the valley, where it reaches halfway up the slope.

Most of the catchment area, apart from the layer islands mentioned, is covered by loess sediment from Quaternary deposits, partly in the form of loess-bearing floating earth , partly as loess loam.

The most noticeable tectonic phenomenon in the catchment area is the passage through the east-northeast moving Neckar-Jagst furrow , a large-scale depression zone that appears here as a tectonic rift with part of the Bülzberg in the rift valley; this mountain, which is quite high compared to the surroundings, shows a reversal of relief . Approximately on the line of the Wiesengraben from the Frühmeßhof, a second fault with the deep floe also moves further south, also on the north-north-west side.

The Upper Muschelkalk in the catchment area is evidently karstified , which can be seen in the sinkhole near this tributary into which the stream initially sinks. Further sinkholes are in and close to the valley floor in the area of ​​the Büchles , where a row of sinkholes runs down from the slope near the southern edge of the river, with a watercourse that also disappears in a sinkhole ponor; In continuation of this hollow there is a former quarry on the valley floor with a rock face up to 8 m higher and two short caves at the foot of the rock.

This sinkhole with water inlet is designated as a geotope, as well as the sinkhole in the course of the Eichbach, plus an abandoned quarry on the Bülzberg, where reed sandstone was mined in flood facies and the fault on the north-northwest side of the tectonic rift is exposed. The quarry on the lower reaches of the neighboring Weidenbach to the west offers an insight into the sequence of layers of the Upper Muschelkalks, although it is being filled in more and more.

Nature and protected areas

In the loess-shaped right slope on the middle course there are three ravines. In the northernmost still near the Landesstraßem runs the historical salt road , through the middle one at Gewann Stöckach a dirt road leads from Rielingshausen to the northern edge of the Büchles , through the southern one runs the path from Rielingshausen to Kirchberg. The dry stone walls on Eisenberg are about ten rows high and mostly sparse and overgrown with drought-resistant plant species.

There are five natural monuments in the catchment area, the small alder quarry between the southern edge of the Hardtwald and the state road, the ravine with the salt road, the sinking doline of the Eichbach and the other in the row of sinkholes on the southern edge of the Büchle, as well as a swamp meadow in the following Klingenwald.

The Hardtwald is located in the " Hardtwald, Kaisersbachtal, Rohrbachtal, Benning and Harzberg as well as Bottwartal between Großbottwar and Kleinbottwar with adjacent areas " called landscape protection area . A little south of this begins at the sinking doline of the stream, the landscape protection area " Unteres Murrtal ", which extends down to the mouth with the inclusion of the lower slopes and the two spurs to the Murrtal, with the exception of only a few leisure properties in the again open Untertal.

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Map of the course and catchment area of ​​the Eichbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b c Height according to the contour line image on the background layer topographic map .
  2. ↑ a b Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
  3. ↑ a b Catchment area after the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
  4. ↑ a b c Height after black lettering on the background layer topographic map .
  5. ↑ a b Lake area according to the layer standing waters .
  6. ↑ a b c Length measured on the background layer topographic map .
  7. ↑ Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .
  8. ↑ Height according to the blue lettering on the background layer topographic map .
  9. ↑ Protected areas according to the relevant layers, nature partly according to the biotope layer .

Other evidence

  1. ^ A b Historical local analysis of Rielingshausen on the site of the State Monument Office.
  2. ^ Friedrich Huttenlocher , Hansjörg Dongus : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 170 Stuttgart. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1949, revised 1967. →  Online map (PDF; 4.0 MB)
  3. ↑ Hansjörg Dongus : Geographical land survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 171 Göppingen. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1961. →  Online map (PDF; 4.3 MB)
  4. ↑ Geology according to the geological map listed under →  Literature and according to the layers for Geological Map 1: 50,000 on: Map server of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )
  5. ↑ Geotope description of the sinkhole in the Büchle with Schluckloch  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the LGRB website.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www4.lgrb.uni-freiburg.de  
  6. ↑ Geotope description of the sinkhole in Schelmenhölzle on the LGRB website.
  7. ↑ Geotope description of the quarry on the Bülzberg on the website of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB).
  8. ↑ Geotope description of the quarry at the lower Weidenbach on the LGRB website.

literature

  • Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 7021 Marbach and No. 7022 Backnang
  • Geological map of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park 1: 50,000, published by the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg i. Br. 2001.

Web links