Calibration routes

Calibration routes City of Döbern Coordinates: 51 ° 36 ′ 14 ″  N , 14 ° 37 ′ 2 ″  E
Height :	141 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	483  (December 31, 2018)
Incorporation :	1st January 1974
Postal code :	03159
Area code :	035600

Eichwege (until 1937 Dubraucke , Dubrawka in Lower Sorbian ) is part of the municipality of the town of Döbern in the Brandenburg district of Spree-Neisse, which is part of the Döbern-Land district . Until it was incorporated in 1974, Eichwege was an independent municipality.

geography

The southern and western surroundings of Eichweg are shaped by the Muskau folds , in the north the place touches the Döbern urban area and in the east the extensive Zschorno forest . The federal highway 115 runs through Eichwege and crosses the historic Spremberg - Sorau road at the level of the town and the industrial area . This is still referred to as Alte Heerstraße or Salzstraße .

history

Administrative affiliation

The village, located in southern Lower Lusatia , had belonged to the Spremberg district within the Prussian province of Brandenburg since 1818 . In 1952 it became part of the newly formed Forst district in the Cottbus district . Eichwege was incorporated into the city of Döbern on January 1, 1974. In the course of the formation of offices in Brandenburg in 1992, Döbern became the seat of the Döbern-Land office. With the district reform in 1993, the city of Döbern became part of the Spree-Neisse district.

Population development

In 1818 there were 220 inhabitants, at the turn of the century already 354. The rapid population increase, which was directly related to the industrial boom in the village, continued. The number of inhabitants had risen to 684 in 1939.

As Wendisch speaking were in 1847 still 280 of the then 308 inhabitants. When Waldemar Goessgen presented his results on Die Mundart von Dubraucke in 1902 , he also commented on the Sorbian language: “In all four villages [of the parish] the German language is currently dominant; There are still few old people who understand Wendish, but it seldom happens that one hears Wendish speaking. [...] the Wendish language has practically faded away for decades, the farmers use the German language. "

Under Nazi rule, the town was in the course of Germanization sorbischstämmiger place names in Eichwege renamed ( Dobrawa = oak forest). In contrast to most places in Lusatia, the place has not received its original name back to this day, but Dubraucker Strasse in the center has been reminding of the old name since 1991 .

Church, school, good

Eichwege village church

The village is very likely to be relatively old, although evidence from the 13th and 14th centuries is doubtful. Its first documented mention is in the year 1527. A feudal letter, issued in 1576 to a Georg von Feuer, names Dorf, Gut, Rittersitz, Vorwerk and Kirchlehn Dubraucke .

The core of the church, which was built from field stones and lawn iron stones , dates from the 14th / 15th centuries. Century. Its compact tower is medieval up to the eaves height, the timber-framed tower is from 1791/1792. The portals and windows are mostly changed, the remains of older openings can be seen in the masonry. The northern and southern extensions date from the 19th century. The interior is vaulted by a wooden barrel. There are galleries in the west and north. The polygonal wooden pulpit dates from the end of the 17th century. The hexagonal baptism with figurines made of cast metal came into the church in the 3rd quarter of the 19th century. Outside on the south side, a figure tombstone and a sandstone epitaph with an almost life-size angel figure were set up, as well as some inscription tombstones.

After the Reformation , documented since 1545, the church became the parish church for the faithful in Tschernitz , Wolfshain and Friedrichshain and is still today. From 1672 at the latest, Dubraucke was a school location.

Walter and Lotte Ulbricht with farmers in Eichwege

The castle, which was built in its last version by Hermann Killisch-Horn , founder of the Berliner Börsen-Zeitung and owner of the manor from 1871 to 1886 , did not survive the GDR era after an interim period as a village administration and culture house due to dilapidation. The surrounding economic facilities used a machine rental station (MAS), later machine-tractor station (MTS). The MAS was visited jointly by the writers Bertolt Brecht and Erwin Strittmatter in autumn 1952 . In February 1961 Walter Ulbricht visited the village .

Employment situation

Throughout the centuries, the residents made their living primarily from farming. The rearing of sheep has always played a special role. Two brickworks are mentioned as of 1864, and a windmill has existed for a long time.

In 1871, west of the Chaussee Cottbus - Muskau (now B 115 ) on the estate of the manor, the Steiger Gustav Neumann opened up the Gotthelf lignite mine , which was successfully operated for six years in an initial phase and employed up to 34 people. In 1887, mining continued in a neighboring hollow. The entire mine field had an extension of 2500 meters, its width was 800 meters. The mine, which was in operation with several interruptions until 1916, had its own siding to the Weißwasser – Forst railway line .

In 1891, under the name Emilienglück, a second, much smaller pit with a length of 400 meters was opened. It ran east of the Chaussee and was operated in civil engineering. Presumably, the multiple stagnant production due to rising water and a pit fire forced the premature end of the company. In 1896 the mining field came to Gotthelf . Both pits and the manor suffered from repeated bankruptcies and changes of ownership.

Dubraucke also had two sheet glass works , which were founded in 1889 by the Futter brothers, landowners until 1894.

tourism

The Eichwege bathing lake was created from the flooded and secured residual hole in the Gotthelf pit , to which a campsite and numerous bungalows are connected. Also with a view to tourism, a hut camp with inexpensive overnight accommodation was created in Dubraucker Straße . The publicly accessible Eichwege environmental and educational garden is located in the vicinity .

Personalities

• Kurt Reinicke von Callenberg (1607–1672), Saxon high court marshal, civil lord of the Muskau district , was the owner of the manor in Dubraucke from 1658 until his death.

literature

• Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners . Volume I: District of Spremberg. Publishing house Degener & Co. Neustadt an der Aisch 1978.
• Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz . Volume 2. Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies, Marburg 1979.
• Wolfgang Schossig, Manfred Kulke: Lignite mining on the Muskauer fold arch . (Contributions to the history of mining in Niederlausitz, Volume 6). Cottbus 2006.
• Hermann Vetter: From days gone by. Attempt to chronicle the Dubraucke parish. Spremberg 1905.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Facts and Figures. In: amt-doebern-land.de. Office Döbern-Land , accessed on February 22, 2018 . 
2. ↑ Main statutes of the Döbern Land office (PDF; 104 kB)
3. ↑ Waldemar Goessgen: The dialect of Dubraucke . Breslau 1902, p. 5 .
4. ^ Gero Lietz: On dealing with the National Socialist place-name legacy in the Soviet Zone / GDR. Leipzig 2005, p. 162f.
5. ↑ Georg Dehio (editor Gerhard Vinken and others): Handbook of the German Art Monuments Brandenburg. 1207 pp., Deutscher Kunstverlag 2000 ISBN 3-422-03054-9
6. ^ The free farmer from October 19, 1952
7. ↑ Lausitzer Rundschau Online  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
8. ↑ HüttenCamp
9. ↑ Environment and teaching garden