Embraer EMB 110

Embraer EMB 110
Embraer EMB-110P1 of the Aeropelican
Type:	Regional airliner
Design country:	Brazil
Manufacturer:	Embraer
First flight:	October 26, 1968
Commissioning:	1973
Production time:	1972 to 1990
Number of pieces:	~ 500

The Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante is a twin-engine turboprop aircraft produced by the Brazilian aircraft manufacturer Embraer . It was developed for regional traffic and does not have a pressurized cabin .

history

The development of the machine began in 1965 under the project name IPD-6504 under the direction of Major Ozires Silva with the support of the French aircraft designer Max Holste at the IPD (Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento). The first flight of the machine still known as the YC-95 and intended as a small transport aircraft for the military took place on October 22, 1968. The first production aircraft of the passenger version flew for the first time in 1972. The first civilian order came from Transbrasil and consisted of six aircraft. The first foreign civil order was only placed in 1977 by the French Air Littoral , which ordered the EMB 110P2 version with 21 seats. In August 1978 the US type certificate was finally granted.

By the end of production in May 1990, around 500 copies of the Bandeirante had been built in different versions. Many of the aircraft are still in service today, particularly in Brazil, Oceania and Canada .

Versions

• YC-95 or EMB 100 - prototype
• EMB 110 - military transport version
• C-95 - military transport version for the Força Aérea Brasileira (Brazilian Air Force)
• EMB 110A - radio calibration version
• E-95 - radio calibration version for the Força Aérea Brasileira
• EC-95B - radio calibration version for the Força Aérea Brasileira
• EMB 110B - surveillance aircraft , aerial photo
• R-95 - surveillance aircraft version for the Força Aérea Brasileira
• EMB 110CN - three naval aircraft for the Chilean Navy
• EMB 110C - first commercial version for 15 passengers
• EMB 111A or P-95 - maritime surveillance version for the Força Aérea Brasileira. Some were leased from Argentina after the Falklands War.
• P-95B -
• EMB 111AN - six maritime patrol aircraft for the Chilean Navy
• EMB 110E
• EMB 110E (J) - seven-seat VIP transport version
• EMB 110K1 - freight transport version
• C-95A - Freight version for the Força Aérea Brasileira
• EMB 110P - regional aircraft version
• EMB 110P1 - cargo / passenger version
• C-95B - cargo / passenger version for the Força Aérea Brasileira
• EMB 110P1 SAR - SAR version
• EMB 110P / A - 18-seat passenger version for export
• EMB 110P1 / A - mixed cargo / passenger version with large cargo door

An Embraer EMB 110P2 from CSE Aviation

• EMB 110P1 / 41 - cargo / passenger version with increased take-off mass of 5900 kg
• EMB 110P1K / 110K - military version
• C-95C - Version of the EMB 110P2 for the Força Aérea Brasileira
• EMB 110P2
• EMB 110P2 / A - modified regional aircraft version with up to 21 seats
• EMB 110P2 / 41 - 21-seater version with increased take-off weight of 5900 kg
• EMB 110S1 - geophysical surveillance version
• SC-95 - SAR version for the Força Aérea Brasileira
• XC-95 - meteorological research version for the Força Aérea Brasileira

Military users

EMB 110

•  Angola
•  Brazil
•  Chile
•  Gabon
•  Guyana
•  Cape Verde
•  Colombia
•  Senegal
•  Uruguay ( Fuerza Aérea Uruguaya )

EMB 111

→ EMB 111

Incidents

From the first flight in 1968 to September 2019, the Embraer EMB 110 suffered 98 total write-offs. In 67 of them, 557 people were killed. Examples:

• On February 27, 1975, an Embraer EMB 110C of the Viação Aérea São Paulo ( aircraft registration PP-SBE ) suffered an engine failure shortly after taking off from São Paulo-Congonhas Airport . The captain made a left turn, but could not maintain the altitude. A short time later there was a loss of control, the machine crashed 1.5 kilometers northwest of the airport into a row of houses in the urban area of São Paulo and exploded. All 15 inmates of the Embraer were killed. The cause of the engine failure could not be determined despite intensive investigations. It was the first incident involving an Embraer EMB 110 (see also VASP flight 640 ) .

• On January 22, 1976, an Embraer EMB 110 (PT-TBD) of Transbrasil had an accident at the start in Chapecó . A pebble had perforated a tire. When the brakes were applied, the wheels locked, whereupon the machine slid into a ditch and caught fire. Seven of the nine occupants died in the accident (see also Transbrasil flight 107 ) .

• On November 19, 1984, an Embraer EMB 110P1 operated by Euroair (UK) (G-HGGS) flew nine kilometers south of Inverness Airport on a mail flight from Inverness to Edinburgh into a hill about 500 meters high. Four minutes after take-off, the machine was flown below the cloud base at a prescribed minimum altitude of 1,500 meters , broke and burned out. The pilot, the only occupant, was killed.

• On December 6, 1984, an Embraer EMB 110P1 (N96PB) of the Princetown-Boston Airline broke apart shortly after taking off from Jacksonville Airport and fell to the ground. All 13 occupants of the machine were killed in the crash. A structural failure in the elevator area was found (see also PBA flight 1039 ) .

• On March 1, 1988, an Embraer EMB 110P1 (ZS-LGP) , which Comair Limited had leased from Bop Air , broke in the air after a bomb explosion on the flight from Phalaborwa to Johannesburg a few minutes before landing. All 17 people on board were killed. A passenger who had recently taken out high life insurance was probably the culprit (see also Comair Limited flight 206 ) .

• On September 20, 1990, an EMB 110P1 (PT-FAW) of the government of the Brazilian state of Pernambuco rose steeply into the air shortly after take-off and leaned to the right. Shortly afterwards, eyewitnesses observed how the machine plunged into the sea. All 12 people on board the machine died in the accident. During the investigation into the accident it was assumed that the crew had not properly processed the checklists due to the hectic pace before take-off, which caused the aircraft to take off with an incorrect take-off configuration. The investigators also found that both pilots had very little flight experience with the Embraer EMB-110. In addition, they had not sat in a machine of this type for a long time before the accident (see also the flight accident at Fernando de Noronha 1990 ) .

• On November 11, 1991, an Embraer EMB 110P1 operated by Nordeste Linhas Aéreas (PT-SCU) suffered an uncontrolled engine damage during the nightly take-off run at Recife Airport , in which the engine caught fire. Instead of aborting the start, the captain continued. After taking off, burning engine parts detached themselves from the machine and fell to the ground. A short time later there was a loss of control, the plane crashed 500 meters northeast of the airport on a public square in the city of Recife and exploded. All 15 inmates of the Embraer and 2 people on the ground were killed. The causes of the accident were found to be maintenance errors and inadequate pilot training by the airline (see also Nordeste-Linhas-Aéreas flight 115 ) .

• On July 19, 1994, an Embraer EMB 110P1 of the Panamanian Alas Chiricanas (HP-1202AC) , with which a flight from Colón to Panama City was to be carried out, exploded shortly after take-off. All 21 occupants were killed in the crash. Panamanian and US investigators concluded that the plane had been destroyed by a bomb brought on board by a suicide bomber. The attack is said to have targeted 12 Jewish business people who were on board the plane (see also Alas Chiricanas flight 901 ) .

• On July 29, 1998, an Embraer EMB 110P1 operated by Selva Taxi Aéreo (PT-LGN) was on a regional flight from Manaus to Tefé in the Brazilian Amazon. The machine was overloaded by 852 kilograms, there were 25 instead of the permitted 19 passengers on board. When an engine failed in flight, the pilots turned back. As the overloaded machine began to sink, passengers' luggage was thrown overboard to reduce weight. The descent could not be stopped, however, and the machine had to make an emergency landing in the Manacapuru River. Of the 27 people on board, 12 died (see also the Selva Taxi Aéreo accident ) .

• On July 24, 1999, an Air Fiji Embraer EMB 110P1 ( registration DQ-AFN ) with 15 passengers and a crew of two from Nausori to Nadi Airport had an accident . The plane was later found on a ridge near the village of Delailasakau. Nobody survived the accident. The investigations showed that the master had too little rest time before the flight and was drunk. In addition, antihistamine levels were found in the captain's blood that exceeded the usual therapeutic level (see also Air Fiji flight 121 ) .

• On February 7th, 2009 a regional flight from Coari to Manaus in the Brazilian Amazon was carried out with an Embraer EMB 110P1 of Manaus Aerotáxi (PT-SEA) . The machine was overloaded by 744 kilograms, there were 26 instead of the permitted 19 passengers on board. When an engine failed in flight, the overloaded machine began to sink and finally had to make an emergency landing in the Manacapuru River. Of the 28 people on board, 24 died. This is the most serious incident involving an Embraer EMB110 (see also the flight accident of the Manaus Aerotáxi 2009 ) .

Technical specifications

Parameter	Data of the EMB-110P2 / 41
crew	2
Passengers	until 21
length	15.10 m
span	15.33 m
height	4.92 m
Wing area	29.10 m²
Empty mass	3590 kg (passenger version), 3393 kg (freight version)
Max. Takeoff mass	5900 kg (P2: 5670 kg)
Cruising speed	411 km / h
Top speed	460 km / h
Service ceiling	6550 m
Range	1964 km
Engines	two propeller turbines Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-34 with 559 kW each

See also

• List of aircraft types

Web links

Commons : Embraer EMB 110  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• More photos of the Embraer EMB 110

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Flight International, special issue EMBRAER at 50 , May 2019 (English), p. 8.
2. ↑ List of accidents with Embraer EMB-110 , Aviation Safety Network WikiBase , accessed on October 22, 2019.
3. ^ Accident report EMB-110 PP-SBE in the Aviation Safety Network
4. ^ Accident report EMB-110 PT-TBD in the Aviation Safety Network
5. ^ Accident report EMB-110 G-HGGS , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on August 17, 2017.
6. ↑ Aircraft accident data and report Comair, Embraer EMB 110, March 1, 1988 in the Aviation Safety Network (English)
7. ^ Accident report EMB-110 PT-FAW , Aviation Safety Network.
8. ↑ Jane's all the world's aircraft 1983-84 , p. 11 f.