Glossy milkweed

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Glossy milkweed
Euphorbia lucida1.JPG

Glossy Spurge ( Euphorbia lucida )

Systematics
Order : Malpighiales (Malpighiales)
Family : Spurge Family (Euphorbiaceae)
Subfamily : Euphorbioideae
Tribe : Euphorbieae
Genre : Spurge ( Euphorbia )
Type : Glossy milkweed
Scientific name
Euphorbia lucida
Waldst. & Kit.

The glossy spurge ( Euphorbia lucida ), also called glossy spurge , is a species of the genus spurge ( Euphorbia ) within the family of the milkweed family (Euphorbiaceae).

description

Section of an inflorescence

Vegetative characteristics

The glossy milkweed grows as a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 60 to 130 centimeters. The middle stem leaves are lanceolate with a length of 6 to 12 centimeters and a width of 1 to 3 centimeters, their greatest width is below the middle. The upper side of the leaf is dark green and shiny. The lateral nerves depart from the main nerve at an angle of 35 to 80 °.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to July. The terminal shark-gold entire inflorescence is seven to twelve-rayed, below are lateral partial inflorescences and non-flowering shoots. The bracts are short, pointed and yellow-green. The bracts are as long as they are wide. The yellow envelope glands are crescent-shaped and later turn brown.

The capsule fruit is deeply furrowed and smooth.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 36.

ecology

The shiny milkweed is a hemicryptophyte .

The pollination is done by insects . There are self-propagation and ant-propagation.

Occurrence

The main distribution area of glossy milkweed is in south-eastern Europe . In Central Europe there is a pronounced occurrence in the Oder region . In Germany you can find them sporadically on the Rhine north of Worms ; it is unclear how this isolated occurrence came about; it also occurs at the mouth of the Isar . They are rarely found in Austria in Lower Austria and in Burgenland . It is completely absent in Switzerland. The total distribution area extends from Central Europe to Central Asia.

The Shining Spurge grows best on moist, nutrient - and humus-rich clay - or sound - floors . The glossy milkweed often thrives in river valleys . It grows in swamp meadows and also in clear locations in the bank bushes and at the edges of the forest. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Veronico-Euphorbietum lucidae from the Filipendulion association, but also occurs in societies of the Convolvulion association.

Taxonomy

Euphorbia lucida was first published in 1801 by Franz de Paula Adam Norbert Wenzel Ludwig Valentin von Waldstein and Pál Kitaibel . A synonym for Euphorbia lucida Waldst. & Kit. is Tithymalus lucidus (Waldst & Kit.) Klotzsch & Garcke . The specific epithet lucida means shiny.

literature

  • Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline. Founded by Werner Rothmaler . 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. 2nd Edition. Volume 3: Evening primrose plants to reddish plants , Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Euphorbia lucida Waldst. & Kit., Glossy milkweed. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 639.
  3. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Euphorbia lucida. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 21, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Glossy Spurge ( Euphorbia lucida )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files