Eva-Maria book

Eva-Maria Buch (born January 31, 1921 in Berlin , † August 5, 1943 in Berlin-Plötzensee ) was a resistance fighter against National Socialism . It belonged to the " Red Chapel ".

Life

Stumbling block in front of the house, Hochfeilerweg 23a, in Berlin-Mariendorf

Eva-Maria Buch lived with her parents in the Berlin district of Charlottenburg until the mid-1930s . The family then moved to Mariendorfer Hochfeilerweg 23a. She was raised Catholic and attended the Ursuline School, run by nuns , which was closed by the National Socialists in 1939 . Only with a secondary school leaving certificate, Buch then attended an interpreting seminar at the Faculty of Foreign Studies at Berlin University .

Through her work in a bookshop in 1941 and 1942, she met Wilhelm Guddorf , through whom she came into contact with the Rote Kapelle. The politically inexperienced young woman attended a number of meetings of this group. Guddorf hid his book in a gazebo in the autumn of 1942. But the wave of arrests against members of the Rote Kapelle that began on August 31, 1942 also affected Buch, who was arrested by the Gestapo on October 11 of that year . Guddorf was also caught a short time later and executed on May 13, 1943.

Eva-Maria Buch came into custody and was interrogated several times. After being charged with the Reich Court Martial , her trial took place there from February 1st to 3rd, 1943. An article which she translated into French and which was intended for slave laborers in German armaments factories served as evidence. The workers, the leaflet said, should always remember that it was their relatives who would be torn apart by the bombs they made.

In order to protect others from arrest, Buch claimed in court that he wrote this article himself. For this she was sentenced to death on the last day of the trial. The verdict stated that she had shown the cunning of a Catholic and the public hostility of a communist . Adolf Hitler personally refused a pardon from Buch's parents. The 22-year-old was executed in Plötzensee .

Honors

Eva-Maria-Buch-Bibliothek, Berlin

Memorial plaque of the martyrs of the Nazi era in the crypt of St. Hedwig's Cathedral in Berlin-Mitte

In Berlin-Mitte , a memorial stone in the courtyard of the Humboldt University (Unter den Linden 6) commemorates Eva-Maria Buch.
A memorial plaque in St. Hedwig's Cathedral in Berlin-Mitte commemorates her fate .
A plaque on Bebelplatz, (St. Hedwig's Cathedral) commemorates the resistance fighter.
The Tempelhof city library was named Eva-Maria-Buch-Haus in 1993. Today it is the seat of the district central library of Tempelhof-Schöneberg.
The Stolpersteine initiative on the B 96 laid a stumbling block in front of the former home of Eva-Maria Buch on Hochfeilerweg 23a in Berlin-Mariendorf .
In the Oberreut district of the city of Karlsruhe and in the city of Soltau , a street is named Eva-Maria-Buch-Straße.
In 1999, the Catholic Church included Eva-Maria Buch in the German martyrology of the 20th century .

literature

Gert Rosiejka, The Red Chapel. "Treason" as an anti-fascist resistance. - With an introduction by Heinrich Scheel. results, Hamburg 1986, ISBN 3-925622-16-0
Kurt Schilde , Eva-Maria Buch and the "Red Orchestra". Remembering the resistance to National Socialism. With a foreword by Hanna-Renate Laurien . Berlin 1992/2. Edition 1993
Gilles Perrault , On the trail of the Red Chapel . (Revised edition), Rowohlt 1994
Ursula Pruß, Art .: Eva-Maria Buch, in: Helmut Moll (Hrsg.), Witnesses for Christ. Das deutsche Martyrologium des 20. Jahrhundert , Paderborn et al. 1999, 7th, updated and revised edition 2019, ISBN 978-3-506-78012-6 , pp. 149–153.

Web links

Commons : Eva-Maria Buch - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Literature by and about Eva-Maria Buch in the catalog of the German National Library
Short biography of the German Resistance Memorial Center

Individual evidence

^ Peter Steinbach , Johannes Tuchel : Lexicon of Resistance 1933-1945 . CH Beck, Munich, 2nd, revised and expanded edition 1998, ISBN 3-406-43861-X , pp. 77-78.
^ Friedrich Zipfel : Plötzensee Memorial . State Center for Political Education Berlin, Berlin, 7th edition 1966, p. 15.
↑ Stumbling blocks on the B 96 (PDF).

personal data
SURNAME	Book, Eva-Maria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German resistance fighter under National Socialism
DATE OF BIRTH	January 31, 1921
PLACE OF BIRTH	Berlin-Charlottenburg
DATE OF DEATH	August 5, 1943
Place of death	Berlin-Plötzensee

[Lexi-77-78-1] Peter Steinbach , Johannes Tuchel : Lexicon of Resistance 1933-1945 . CH Beck, Munich, 2nd, revised and expanded edition 1998, ISBN 3-406-43861-X , pp. 77-78.

[2] Friedrich Zipfel : Plötzensee Memorial . State Center for Political Education Berlin, Berlin, 7th edition 1966, p. 15.

[3] Stumbling blocks on the B 96 (PDF).