Franz Rauhut

Ignaz Bernhard Franz Rauhut (born October 2, 1898 in Frankenthal , † March 1, 1988 in Würzburg ,) was a German Romanist and peace activist .

life and work

After graduating from high school in 1917 and briefly serving in the military during the First World War , Franz Rauhut studied Romance studies, German studies and history at the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg from 1918 . In 1921 he passed the teaching examination and then worked as a teacher in Würzburg until his habilitation. In Würzburg he received his doctorate in 1925 under Arthur Franz on Mallarmé's position in French poetry ( the romantic and musical in the poetry of Stéphane Mallarmés , Marburg 1926). In 1928 he completed his habilitation in Munich with Karl Vossler on The French prose poem (Hamburg 1929) and has since worked as a private lecturer in Munich.

Franz Rauhut, who had turned down a call to Danzig in 1930 , remained a private lecturer in Munich during the National Socialist era and was unable to pursue an academic career because of his opposition to National Socialism . After the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933, he was among those that the inclusion of the Bavarian Teachers Association in the NS teacher's union rejected. Walther Wüst , Rector of Munich University and Nazi functionary, after denunciations by the Munich Nazi lecturer Robert Spindler, thwarted Rauhut's appointment as professor in Erlangen and Rostock in the following years , as did a lecture tour to France, because Rauhut “neither politically nor characteristically for a »cultural and political posting, especially to France« is suitable. "

After his teaching license was temporarily withdrawn in 1937 due to the “negative political assessments”, Rauhut wrote a system-compliant article on “ Doriot and his French People's Party” in the Zeitschrift für Politik in 1938 . Since then, the assessments by the National Socialist German Lecturer Association have been more favorable: "[...] In appreciation of the improvement noted, I come to the conviction that Rauhut is not one of the most gratifying but also not one of the hopeless cases." Teacher training, but was not appointed as a "regular lecturer".

After a chair for " Italian Studies" had been set up at the University of Cologne under the Romanist Friedrich Schürr in 1940 , but he was recalled to the Reich University of Strasbourg in 1941 , Franz Rauhut replaced him briefly, again with no prospect of a professorship.

In 1946, Rauhut became the successor of the Würzburg Romanist Adalbert Hämel , who had been dismissed because of his involvement in National Socialism. From 1948 to 1967 Rauhut was a full professor of Romance philology in Würzburg and thus head of the Romance Studies department of the Philosophical Faculty. His academic focus was French and Italian literature. In 1956 he was co-founder of the papers for German and international politics .

In addition to his teaching activities, Rauhut has been involved in the peace movement since the 1950s. He was an active opponent of the rearmament of the Federal Republic, nuclear armament and militarism . Because of an alleged "agitation speech" in which he and the political scientist Franz Paul Schneider should have insulted Federal Chancellor Adenauer in 1956 , the Bavarian Prime Minister Wilhelm Hoegner requested a hearing. After a statement by Rauhut, Schneider and the Rectorate of the University of Würzburg, the incumbent Minister of Education , August Rucker , declared that “the Ministry of Education will probably not intervene”.

Rauhut, who had been a court-authorized advisor to the conscientious objectors since the 1960s , had a poster " Saint Martin refused to serve in the war" affixed to various places in Würzburg on St. Martin's Day in 1960 , and as an advisor to the International of military service opponents called for Christian charity. In the following years he also took part in the political debate alongside academic treatises on Romance studies and pacifist publications.

Rauhut was the son-in-law of the Indologist Julius Jolly (1849–1932).

Other works

A complete bibliography of his works can be found in the festschrift for his 85th birthday.

Romance Studies

• Paul Valery. Spirit and myth. Hueber, Munich 1930 (Epochs of French Literature, Vol. 7).
• La Poésie française de Baudelaire à nos jours. Anthology annotée et commentée. 2 vols. Quelle & Meyer, Leipzig 1929.
• History and anthology of French poetry. Vol. 1: Chénier, Romantik u. Parnassus . Hueber, Munich 1931; Vol. 2: From Symbolism to the Present . Hueber, Munich 1931; Vol. 3: From Chénier to Baudelaire , 2nd, completely revised edition. Hueber, Munich 1952.
• The technical terms of linguistics with special consideration of Romance philology. Hourglass, Berlin 1948.
• (Ed. And translator) Italian sonnets of love. From the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Alber, Freiburg 1951.
• Reverb and reverberation, sound and counter-sounds. A selection of lyrics. Grabski, Herne 1957.
• The young Pirandello or The Becoming of an Existential Spirit. Beck, Munich 1964.
• (Together with Cäcilie Gänssle-Pfeuffer) The classicist and romantic poetry of the French in the cultural context of the period 1780–1850, with commented anthology. Winter, Heidelberg 1977 (Contributions to the Modern History of Literature, Volume 3, Vol. 33), ISBN 3-533-02593-4 .
• What is “culture” in Italy, France and Germany? Machine script, Würzburg 1978.
• (Ed. And translator) Michelangelo: Hundred poems, Italian and German. Koenigshausen and Neumann, Würzburg 1981, ISBN 3-88479-053-6 .
• 1003 variations of the Don Juan material from 1630 to 1934 , afterword by Cäcilie Gänssle-Pfeuffer, ed. by Helmut Rauhut. Wisslit, Konstanz 1990, ISBN 3-89038-820-5 ( content ).

Peace movement

• Is universal conscription democratic, Christian, socialist? What the teacher and the pastor don't say. Gottmann, Wuppertal-Vohwinkel 1959.
• Conscientious objection today. Questions of conscience and law. Last 6th edition. Seewang, Zorneding near Munich 1977 (Pr-Series Munich, Vol. 3).
• (Together with Walter Stock and Georg Förster) Films against war. State working group for youth film work and media education of the youth film club in Bavaria, Gerolzhofen 1977 (documentary, no. 14).
• What peace needs today. Edited by Wolfgang Tischer. Haag and Herchen, Frankfurt am Main 1990, ISBN 3-89228-576-4 .

literature

• Angel San Miguel, Richard Schwaderer, Manfred Tietz (eds.): Romanesque literary relationships in the 19th and 20th centuries. Festschrift for Franz Rauhut on his 85th birthday. Narr, Tübingen 1985, ISBN 3-87808-705-5 .
• Richard Schwaderer: Obituary. In: Romanische Forschungen 101, 1989, p. 86 f.
• Frank-Rutger Hausmann : Also a national science? German Romance Studies under National Socialism. In: Romanistische Zeitschrift für Literaturgeschichte 22, 1998, pp. 1–39 and 261–313 ( online ; PDF; 10.7 MB), especially p. 275.
• Frank-Rutger Hausmann: Devoured by the vortex of events. German Romance Studies in the Third Reich. Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-465-03584-8 , pp. 141-143.

Web links

• Utz Maas : Rauhut, Ignaz Bernhard Franz. In: ders .: Persecution and emigration of German-speaking linguists 1933–1945. Vol. 1: Documentation. Biobibliographic data A – Z. Stauffenburg, Tübingen 2010, ISBN 978-3-86057-016-6 , pp. 613-616 (online edition).

Individual evidence

1. ^ Stefan Appelius : Pacifism in West Germany. The German Peace Society 1945–1968. Vol. 2. G. Mainz, Aachen 1991, ISBN 3-925714-49-9 , p. 738.
2. ^ ^{A b} Utz Maas: Persecution and emigration of German-speaking linguists 1933–1945. Volume 1, Tübingen 2010, p. 613 ( online edition  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ).  
3. ^ Stefanie Seidel-Vollmann: The Romance Philology at the University of Munich. Duncker and Humblot, Berlin 1977, ISBN 3-428-03861-4 , p. 241 .
4. ^ Frank-Rutger Hausmann: Also a national science? German Romance Studies under National Socialism. In: Romance journal for the history of literature. Volume 22, 1998, pp. 1–39 and 261–313 ( online ; PDF; 10.7 MB), here p. 275.
5. ↑ Maximilian Schreiber: Walther Wüst. Dean and Rector of the University of Munich 1935–1945. Herbert Utz, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-8316-0676-4 , p. 101 f.
6. ↑ Quote from Maximilian Schreiber: Walther Wüst. Dean and Rector of the University of Munich 1935–1945 , 2008, p. 102 .
7. ^ Utz Maas: Persecution and emigration of German-speaking linguists 1933–1945. Volume 1 , Tübingen 2010, p. 615 ( online edition  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ), Evidence: Zeitschrift für Politik 28/1938, pp. 185-195.  
8. ↑ Frank-Rutger Hausmann: Devoured by the vortex of events. German Romance Studies in the Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2008, pp. 142–143, with reference to a letter from Walter Wüst.
9. ^ Utz Maas: Persecution and emigration of German-speaking linguists 1933–1945. Volume 1. Tübingen 2010, p. 615 ( online edition  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ).  
10. ↑ Johannes Kramer: Italian language and literature at the turn of the millennium. Contributions to the colloquium in honor of Ignazio Toscani. Buske, Hamburg 2002 (Romance Studies in Past and Present, Supplement 7), ISBN 3-87548-315-4 , p. 7 .
11. ↑ ^{a b} Robert Fajen, Sandra Ellena: History of the Institute of Romance Philology. ( Memento of the original from June 3, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. On the institute's homepage, July 2012, last changed on May 21, 2013. 
12. ↑ Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg: Lecture directory for the summer semester of 1948. University printing house H. Stürtz, Würzburg 1948, p. 17.
13. ↑ Franz Rauhut. In: Der Spiegel from June 25, 1956.
14. ↑ ^{a b} Franz Rauhut. In: Der Spiegel from November 23, 1960.
15. ↑ Würzburg. Sharp but limited. In: Der Spiegel from July 4, 1956.
16. ↑ Der Spiegel reported ... In: Der Spiegel from August 22, 1956.
17. ↑ Angel San Miguel, Richard Schwaderer, Manfred Tietz (ed.): Romanesque literary relationships in the 19th and 20th centuries. Festschrift for Franz Rauhut on his 85th birthday. Narr, Tübingen 1985, pp. XIII-XIX.