Franz Stanglica

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Franz Stanglica (born May 27, 1907 in Vienna ; † October 28, 1946 ) was an Austrian historian and archivist . During the Second World War he played a key role in Germanization efforts , deportations and resettlements in the Generalgouvernement . As head of the “People's Political Unit” in the Lublin district, he was one of the planners of the Zamość Campaign , in whose implementation he was also actively involved.

Life

The son of a ministerial official of the same name studied history at the University of Vienna and graduated from the Institute for Austrian Historical Research in 1931 . In the same year he did his doctorate on The Peace of Rijswijk with Heinrich Ritter von Srbik . From 1932 Stanglica worked in the finance and court chamber archive , where he researched the settlement of Austrian and German colonists in the south-eastern border regions of the Habsburg monarchy in the 18th century.

Stanglica joined the Fatherland Front in 1933 and at the same time supported the banned NSDAP financially, but only under the false name Bernhard Klar . A state police observation from April to May 1935 did not provide any concrete evidence, so that in July he was accepted as a candidate for archival service in the Finance and Court Chamber Archives. On January 1, 1937, he was appointed Provisional State Archivist, 2nd class. From February he also worked for Wilhelm Grau , the head of the “Jewish Research” department at the Reich Institute for the History of the New Germany . In addition to his regular pay, Stanglica received black money with which he employed the illegal National Socialists Kurt Zeilinger and Walter Messing . Between April 1939 and March 1940, Stanglica and his staff delivered so-called "Jewish registers" to the German Foreign Institute in Stuttgart . In May 1938 Stanglica became a member of the NSDAP and in 1939 a block warden in his residential district in Hetzendorf .

Stanglica published on various issues relating to settlement in the Banat , the Batschka and Transylvania . In doing so, he promoted stereotypes of the "ethnic German settlers", which should be made usable in the sense of the National Socialist expansion policy. He also worked on Josef Kallbrunner's project of evaluating lists of settlers and sleeping cross calculations in the court chamber archive for the German Foreign Institute. He created historical and settlement geographic maps about the “Volkstum in the Batschka and Banat” around 1720, 1800 and 1910. These maps, on which the development of the “ethnic conditions” should be shown, were further processed in the German Foreign Institute . Stanglica's card index of 80,000 German emigrants to Southeast Europe was used by Wilfried Krallert and the Southeast German Research Society in the preparation and implementation of the ethnic cleansing policy in the Balkans .

After it was discovered in 1940 that some villages had been founded in the area of West Galicia around the city of Zamość as part of the Josephinian settlement policy in 1790, the SS and police leader in the Lublin district, Odilo Globocnik , planned a large-scale "population resettlement". The old Habsburg settlements were to be grouped together and searched for “German blood”, while the younger villagers were to be sent to the Altreich to convey “German culture” to them. As a recognized expert on the Josephinian settlement policy, Stanglica was recruited for this project, but initially deployed as a simple SS man on probation in the police service. In February 1940 he was drafted into an SS skull and crossbones standard, drafted into the Waffen SS in October 1940 and trained as a concentration camp overseer. In January 1941 he was assigned to the headquarters of the Auschwitz concentration camp . According to some sources, he did not receive his training as a concentration camp overseer until Auschwitz. In Lublin he then took over the “People's Political Unit” in Globocnik's office.

The actual resettlement in the district began, starting from the Zamość district, after the end of Aktion Reinhardt , in the course of which around two million Jews were murdered. Globocnik planned a German settlement as far as the Baltic States and Transylvania and wanted to "encircle the remaining Poles in terms of settlement and gradually crush them economically and biologically." The SS Special Unit Dirlewanger was available for deportations of Poles and Jews . Stanglica took an active part in the deportation campaigns , according to his own statement, "with gun in hand". As part of Aktion Reinhardt, he also supplied the raw statistical data for the Jewish population to Globocnik. In addition, he developed the spatial planning sketch for the future German settlement. He was then promoted at Globocnik's suggestion and became head of planning for a new “Research Center for Eastern Accommodation” in Lublin. Joseph Poprzeczny thinks it is possible that Stanglica was even more fanatical about the plans to Germanize the Lublin region than Globocnik. In any case, he and Gustav Hanelt were significantly involved in the fact that Heinrich Himmler , Globocnik and Reinhold von Mohrenschildt wanted to Germanize the entire Generalgouvernement from Lublin and then the so-called " East ".

On April 1, 1943, Stanglica was promoted to Untersturmführer and first assigned to the Higher SS and Police Leader East, Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger , then to the Higher SS and Police Leader Russia South, Hans-Adolf Prützmann . In the fall of 1943, Stanglica was back with Globocnik in the " Adriatic Coastal Operation Zone ", where he worked in the propaganda department of his department.

Stanglica was captured by the British in Carinthia in 1945 and had a fatal accident on October 28, 1946 under unknown circumstances in American captivity .

Fonts

  • The Peace of Rijswijk. Diss. Phil. University of Vienna 1931.
  • The emigration of Lorraine to the Banat and the Batschka in the 18th century. Self-rel. of the Alsace-Lorraine Institute, Frankfurt a. M 1934.
  • Steierdorf in the Banat. From: Dt. Archive for country and Volksforschung, 3rd year 1939, no. 1, pp. 102-124. 1st edition. I. Stubner, Bad Vilbel near Frankfurt / Main [i. e.] St. Georgen, Mais 10 1982.

literature

  • Ingo Haar: Biopolitical difference constructions as a population-political instrument of order in the East Gau. Spatial and population planning in the field of tension between regional anchoring and central government planning requirements. In: Jürgen John, Horst Möller and Thomas Schaarschmidt (eds.): The NS-Gaue. Regional middle instances in the centralized "leader state". R. Oldenbourg, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-486-58086-0 , pp. 105-122.
  • Herbert Hutterer, Thomas Just: On the history of the Reichsarchiv Vienna 1938-1945. In: The German Archives and National Socialism. 75th German Archives Day 2005 in Stuttgart . Essen 2007, pp. 313-325. (= Conference documentation for the German Archive Day, Vol. 10). PDF
  • Herbert Hutterer: Serving the “beautiful cause”. The Hofkammerarchiv and Nazi settlement research 1936–1945. In: Mitteilungen des Österreichisches Staatsarchiv 54 (2010), pp. 181–219. PDF
  • Stefan Lehr: An almost forgotten "Eastern insert". German archivists in the Generalgouvernement and in the Reichskommissariat Ukraine. Droste, Düsseldorf 2007, ISBN 978-3-7700-1624-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to other sources 1909. Herbert Hutterer, Thomas Just: Zur Geschichte des Reichsarchivs Wien 1938-1945. In: The German Archives and National Socialism. 75th German Archives Day 2005 in Stuttgart . Essen 2007, p. 319.
  2. ↑ Herbert Hutterer: The service to the "beautiful cause". The Hofkammerarchiv and Nazi settlement research 1936–1945. In: Communications from the Austrian State Archives 54 (2010), pp. 185f.
  3. ↑ a b Herbert Hutterer: The service to the "beautiful cause". The Hofkammerarchiv and Nazi settlement research 1936–1945. In: Communications from the Austrian State Archives 54 (2010), p. 189.
  4. ^ A b Herbert Hutterer, Thomas Just: On the history of the Reichsarchiv Vienna 1938-1945. In: The German Archives and National Socialism. 75th German Archives Day 2005 in Stuttgart . Essen 2007, p. 321.
  5. ↑ Herbert Hutterer: The service to the "beautiful cause". The Hofkammerarchiv and Nazi settlement research 1936–1945. In: Communications from the Austrian State Archives 54 (2010), pp. 190f.
  6. ^ Wolfgang Freund: Palatines All Over the World. Fritz Braun, a German Emigration Researcher in National Socialist Population Policy. In: Ingo Haar u. Michael Fahlbusch (Ed.): German Scholars and Ethnic Cleansing, 1919-1945 . Berghahn, NY 2005, p. 165.
  7. ↑ Ingo Haar: Biopolitical constructions of difference as a population-political instrument of order in the East Gau. Spatial and population planning in the field of tension between regional anchoring and central government planning requirements. In: Jürgen John, Horst Möller and Thomas Schaarschmidt (eds.): The NS-Gaue. Regional middle instances in the centralized "leader state". R. Oldenbourg, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-486-58086-0 , p. 119.
  8. ↑ Herbert Hutterer: The service to the "beautiful cause". The Hofkammerarchiv and Nazi settlement research 1936–1945. In: Communications from the Austrian State Archives 54 (2010), p. 190.
  9. ↑ Ingo Haar: Biopolitical constructions of difference as a population-political instrument of order in the East Gau. Spatial and population planning in the field of tension between regional anchoring and central government planning requirements. In: Jürgen John, Horst Möller and Thomas Schaarschmidt (eds.): The NS-Gaue. Regional middle instances in the centralized "leader state". R. Oldenbourg, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-486-58086-0 , p. 120.
  10. ↑ Joseph poprzeczny: Odilo Globocnik, Hitler's Man in the East. McFarland, Jefferson, NC 2004, ISBN 978-0-7864-1625-7 , p. 398.
personal data
SURNAME Stanglica, Franz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian historian and archivist
DATE OF BIRTH May 27, 1907
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH October 28, 1946