Franz Thöne
Franz Seraph Thöne (born February 4, 1851 in Wewer , † June 22, 1906 in Düsseldorf ) was a German genre and portrait painter .
Life and Artistic Way
Franz Seraph Thöne was born as the son of the hereditary farm farmer Johann Thöne in 1851 on the Stellbrinkhof in Wewer in Westphalia. After completing an apprenticeship with a decorative painter in Paderborn , Thöne left his parents' court and went to Düsseldorf in 1871 to train in painting. He attended art history lessons from Karl Woermann at the Düsseldorf Art Academy , studied anatomy with Zimmermann and deepened his skills in fine painting with Max Volkhart . At the same time he became a student of Julius Geertz's studio . He received technical elements of the execution from the Hamburg painter, but kept looking for topics of his own and went his own way.
In the group around Geertz he met Rudolf Cronau , the sculptor Gustav Rutz and the animal and hunting painters Anton Schmitz and August Flinker (1853–1908), to whom he had a long friendship. With Gustav Rutz and August Flinker, Thöne went on his first study trips within Germany, in 1882 he was in Antwerp with Geertz and Fritz Neuhaus the Elder . He was never an academy teacher, but worked as a freelance painter. His students included August Blankenstein , Paul von Merveldt and Josef Kehren the Younger. In essence, he remained self-taught and developed his personal style in succession to the Düsseldorf School of Painting . He evoked the simple moments in the small scenes of everyday life, his subjects were initially children and pets, he endeavored to artistically portray the inconspicuous and sought his way away from glamor and fashion. With a more conservative orientation, he kept his distance from the more recent influences in French painting.
He refined his style in the harmony of colors, achieved a photographically accurate reproduction of the texture of people and matter, and went deep into the psychology of the subjects in his representations. Thönes pictures achieved success, some had to be made in multiple versions and gave him a certain degree of fame in England, Austria and the USA. In 1888 he traveled to Rome with his friend and sculptor brother Hugo Linderath OFM . In October 1882 Thöne married Maria Vössing from his hometown Wewer. The simple farmer's son from Westphalia managed to acquire several properties in Düsseldorf by selling his paintings and to enable his seven children to receive an academic education. Sustained prosperity was not achieved due to bad investments and insufficient commercial inclinations Thönes. In the 1980s, he mainly focused on portraiture . He received the commissions from the nobility, the clergy and the upper classes; there were about eighty paintings that followed one another in these years.
Thöne portrayed Hermann von und zu Brenken and his wife Maria Countess von Haxthausen at Wewer Castle. The pictures of the friend and royal court architect Max Joseph Custodis and his wife Elise, daughter of the painter Ludwig Pose , were created in Düsseldorf . He created two portraits for the family of the businessman and company founder Friedrich Wilhelm Börgermann. He painted Luigi Canali da Parma as the incumbent general minister of the Franciscan order, Adolph Freiherr von Eynatten and the wife of the Kommerzienrat Hubert Underberg from Rheinberg. For the portrait of Bernhard Wilhelm Vogts, born in Düsseldorf in 1835, Thöne received the honorary diploma of the second class in the oil painting section at the international exhibition in London in 1891. The acquisition of several works from the estates of Johann Wilhelm Schirmer , August Flinker, Adolf Schmitz, Christian Köhler , Anton Schmitz, Johann Peter Hasenclever , Carl Wilhelm Hübner and Rudolf Jordan , with the sale of which the family in later times could avert serious existential needs. From 1884 to 1903 Thöne was a member of the Düsseldorf artists' association Malkasten .
Towards the end of the 19th century the economic situation collapsed dramatically, the orders for expensive large-format portraits declined and Thöne worked in the Kreuzbergkirche in Bonn Endenich from 1892, he restored the Holy Staircase with its ceiling frescoes by Johann Adam Schöpf . During these years he also received the order for the stations of the cross in the parish churches in Buldern and Hövel. These works were carried out with the assistance of his student August Blankenstein. One worked here on the basis of other artists. Thöne accepted the task anyway. The clients now lacked the means to pick high-priced originals from him. When executing the Way of the Cross for the Düsseldorf monastery of the Sisters of the Poor Child Jesus , Thöne worked based on models by Joseph von Führich . In 1901 a picture of the Virgin Mary was created for Friedrich Mathias Graf von Galen at Haus Assen, based on an old original from Burg Dinklage .
In 1903 the count received another commission for the painting of a blessing boy Jesus after an engraving by Ernst Deger . After completing the frescoes in the Catholic parish church in Gelsenkirchen-Rotthausen, where Thöne painted sixty figures and two large murals in 1904 with the help of his students August Blankenstein and Hermann Richter, he was in Lucerne in 1905 , where he designed four allegorical murals for the hall of a Catholic youth home to the Swiss psalm . In December of the same year he traveled with the hereditary imperial councilor Joseph Count Arco from and to Zinneberg to the Vatican City , where the count signed a contract with the artist for an annual salary of 7,000 marks for a consideration of two pictures. Franz Seraph Thöne died of a stroke on June 22, 1906 while the life-size painting of an Immaculate was being executed for a church in Munich Solln . It was Josef Kehren the Younger who completed the altarpiece of the Immaculate.
Works
Like many of his contemporaries, Franz Thöne also worked as a painter with the then new medium of photography. It is thanks to this fact that images of his paintings, which have long been destroyed or have been lost to this day, have been preserved. Most of his pictures are in private hands.
Portraits
- Hermann von und zu Brenken , 1888
- Maria Countess von Haxthausen, 1888
- Royal court architect Max Joseph Custodis
- Elise Custodis, b. pose
- Counselor Dr. Heinrich Sobernheim, after 1895
- Adolf Freiherr von Eynatten, 1900
- Aloysius Canali of Parma
- Mrs. Hubert Underberg, Councilor of Commerce, 1889
- Pauline von Mallinckrodt
- Joseph Hermann Schmidt
- Lieutenant General von Szczytinicki, 1886
- Colonel von der Lanken, 1887
- Captain Charisius, 1900
- Captain Charisius, 1899
- Father Ewald Fahle
- Brother Hugo Linderath
- Johann Vössing, father-in-law of the painter
- Girl with red hair, 1895 / North Frisian Museum. Nissenhaus Husum
- Dr. med. Franz Lücken, 1892 / Museum Kunstpalast Düsseldorf
- Friedrich Wilhelm Börgermann, 1887
- Friedrich Börgermann, 1888
- Bernhard Wilhelm Vogts, German Exhibition Medal, London 1891
Genre images
- Do you know him? 1884
- Soap bubbles 1889
- Bread Envy 1884
- The little bird catchers 1882
- Burning glass 1881
- The Little Builder 1879
- The wild bumblebee 1880
- The privateer 1885
Religious works
- Image of the Madonna / St. Anthony of Padua, Blejierheide Franciscan Monastery, 1887
- Mother of Good Advice / St. Barbara, Mönchengladbach, 1890
- Heilige Stiege Bonn Kreuzberg, restoration order, 1892
- Rex Regum, 1900
- Image of the Virgin Mary for Friedrich Graf von Galen, 1901
- St. Thecla / Franciscan Monastery Paderborn , 1902
- St. Antonius, Kreuzberg / Bonn
- St. Anthony of Padua / St. Anna Monastery Church Düsseldorf, 1902
- Blessing boy Jesus, 1903
- Christ on the Cross / Franziskanerkirche Düsseldorf, 1904
- St. Crescentia / Rome
- Angry Christ / Jesuit Church in Luxembourg
- allegorical mural on the Swiss psalm / Lucerne, 1905
- Painting of the parish church in Gelsenkirchen-Rotthausen, 1904–1905
- Stations of the cross for the parish churches Buldern and Hövel
- Stations of the Cross for the Poor Clare Monastery in Düsseldorf
- Immacolata / Munich Solln, 1906
literature
- Wilhelm Thöne: painter Franz Thöne, 1851–1906. Self-published, Bad Soden.
- Wilhelm Thöne: Franz Thöne. A Düsseldorf painter of the previous century. In: The Catholic World. 44, No. 3, 1932.
- Wilhelm Thöne: Franz Thöne. A Rhenish artist of the last century. In: City of God. 59, No. 2, 1935, pp. 52-62.
- Wilhelm Thöne: painter Franz Thöne from Wewer (1851–1906). In: The Warta. 4, 1936, 6, p. 101.
- Siegfried Weiß: Franz Thöne. In: Hans Paffrath (Ed.): Lexicon of the Düsseldorfer Malerschule 1819–1918. Volume 3: Nabert-Zwecker. Published by the Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf in the Ehrenhof and by the Paffrath Gallery. Bruckmann, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-7654-3011-0 , pp. 348-349.
- Thöne, Franz . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 33 : Theodotos vacation . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1939, p. 43 .
- Franz Thöne . In: Friederike Steinmann, Karl Josef Schwieters, Michael Assmann (eds.): Paderborner Künstlerlexikon. Lexicon Paderborn artists of the 19th and 20th centuries in the visual arts . History Association at the University of GH-Paderborn, Schernfeld 1994, ISBN 3-89498-008-7 , p. 272 .
- Painter Franz Thöne in Düsseldorf and his family. In: Wilhelm Thöne: History of the Thöne Family Warburger tribe 1282–1938. Self-published by the author, Bad Soden im Taunus 1938, pp. 152–161.
- Franz Thöne. In: The great Herder. 4th edition, Volume 11, Herder & Co GmbH Verlagbuchhandlung, Freiburg 1935, p. 1186.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ C. Bartneck: The Family History And Genealogy of Johann Ferdinand Thöne and Maria Anna Juliana Antonette Drewes. CreateSpace, Charlston 2011.
- ^ Charles Lowe, MA: Four national exhibitions in London and their organizer, with portraits and illustrations. T. Fisher Unwin, London 1902, p. 534 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Thöne, Franz |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Thöne, Franz Seraph (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German genre and portrait painter |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 4, 1851 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wewer |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 22, 1906 |
| Place of death | Dusseldorf |