Women's rowing club

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A women's rowing club is a sports club whose members, usually women, practice rowing . The principles for sports clubs also apply to women's rowing clubs: non-profit status , sporting fairness and the recognition of the rules of sport.

Members of the Friedrichshagen Ladies Rowing Club on a Sunday trip on the smooth Müggelsee , 1903

Women's rowing clubs have existed in Germany since the end of the 19th century . They were founded because men's clubs refused to accept women willing to row. This means that when women began rowing in Germany on the threshold of the 20th century , there was no way for them to join a club . As a result, they were forced to found clubs themselves.

history

overview

After the English and Danish women discovered rowing for themselves in the middle of the 19th century , women also began rowing in Germany at the end of this century.

Ladies of the Friedrichshagen Ladies Rowing Club at the boat builder K. Bühnemann, around 1905

It was not until 1901, when the Friedrichshagener Damen-Ruder-Club (FDRC) was founded, that it became appropriate for “middle-class” women to get into a rowing boat . The dress code was strict: it required a long skirt, blouse, tie and high lace-up boots. Only dressed in this way did the women exercise. Working women, on the other hand, paid less attention to etiquette. Water sports played an important role in the recreational activities of the people of Berlin, which probably explains why there were only a few rowing women outside the Reich capital in the early days.

Also in 1901, the Berlin men's rowing club Vorwärts was the first rowing club in Germany to set up a women's division. In 1909 the Märkische Rowing Club followed .

When women's rowing began, sport had a different meaning than it does today: It was geared towards performance and competition - and reserved for men. In 1920 the first all-women sports festival took place.

Description of a camp trip with four pictures, 1909

After the First World War , sport experienced an overall boom. It served as a distraction, was fun and brought back the joy of life.

After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the military government banned all clubs, both rowing and sports clubs. In 1947 she allowed associations to be founded again, but not under the old names. The Wannsee rowing association dropped its original plan to also take on rowers, which is why five rowers decided to found their own association. On May 8, 1947, they formed the Wannsee women's rowing club with the approval of the municipal authorities and the military government . This required applications in four languages ​​and sometimes in 14 copies.

Women's rowing clubs in Germany

Women in Germany gained their first rowing experience in 1884 when men from the Berlin Touring Rowing Club gave them rowing lessons. But accepting women into their club was out of the question for the men. That is why the (“bourgeois”) women decided to organize themselves and initiated their own clubs and a supra-regional umbrella organization , the Ladies Rowing Association (DDRV).

The first German women's rowing club was the Berlin women 's rowing club Deutsche Amazonenflotte (DAF), which, according to newspaper advertisements, was founded in August 1894 with the active support of a bookseller. However, since the ladies of this rowing club were more conspicuous for their conviviality and a lot of luggage (“the many bags, baskets of cloths and the like”) that they carried with them than for sporting achievements, this club was not granted a long service life. The same thing happened to the Spreeklub , a second women's rowing club that was founded around the same time.

1912: The ladies of the Friedrichshagen ladies rowing club celebrate the inauguration of the new boathouse in Grünau.

The Friedrichshagener Damen-Ruder-Club (FDRC) founded on March 10, 1901 , whose name was based on the already existing men's rowing club in Friedrichshagen, lasted for many decades. Eleven years after its founding, in 1912, he moved into his own boathouse on the Teltow Canal . The first rowing club for schoolgirls was founded in Kassel in 1911.

In 1919 the German Ladies Rowing Association (DDRV) was founded. He represented the concerns of the rowers until his incorporation in 1933 into the German Rowing Association (DRV), which has also been accepting women's rowing clubs since 1932. In the year of its establishment, the DDRV announced the first women's regatta: in style rowing . In pouring rain, 28 boats - single , double and double sculls - competed against each other in Berlin. Two years later, in 1921, the first competitive rowing followed as part of the GDRV association regatta - over a distance of 1000 m.

At the beginning of the Second World War there were around 50 women's rowing clubs. In 1947 there were still twelve, including three in Berlin.

Current situation

In the 21st century there are some, but not many, German women's rowing clubs. Two each are based in Berlin and Lübeck. In most of them, children and young people as well as women row into old age. The different age structures result in a wide range of sports and recreational opportunities. The extensive rowing offer ranges from short rowing tours and training trips to day and multi-day trips on waters around the clubhouse and elsewhere.

Selection of some German women's rowing clubs

In the literature, a distinction is made between “independent” women's rowing clubs and women's sections in men's rowing clubs. In the following list you will find a selection, sorted in descending order by date of foundation, i.e. the oldest first:

  • 1901: Friedrichshagener Damen-Ruderclub (FDRC): On March 10th, four women founded this “first” women's rowing club. The boat house on the Teltow Canal that was later moved into had to be given up after the war in 1945 . The club was founded again on May 10, 1950, this time in Spandau . In 1977 the club decided to disband and join the Wannsee women's rowing club.
  • 1907: Lübeck Women's Rowing Society from 1907 (LFRG): Since the dissolution of the FDRC, this rowing club has been the oldest women's rowing club in Germany. He is also included in the "four independent women's rowing clubs in Germany".
  • 1913: Casseler Frauen-Ruderverein (CFRV): The association founded in 1913 by teachers and students from a high school in Kassel, which initially rowed "in long black woolen stockings, bloomers and sailor blouses" and which in 1934 organized the first independent women's regatta in Kassel , is now a rowing club that is also open to men and focuses on popular sports and touring rowing .
  • 1913: Emden ladies rowing club : The initiator was the high school teacher Ida Doll. In 1977 the "Emder Ladies Rowing Club" merged with the "Der Emder Rowing Club" to form today's Emden Rowing Club.
  • 1917: Dresden women's rowing club: In 1917 the Dresden women's rowing club was founded. In 1930 the inauguration of the new boathouse followed, but in 1946, due to the lack of other boathouses, it became the boathouse of the Dresden Rowing Club.
  • 1925: Hamburg Rowing Club from 1925 (HRC) : The club is assigned to the “four independent women's rowing clubs” and is currently by far the largest German women's rowing club. However, the club only acquired an eighth in 2014.
  • 1926: Lübeck women's rowing club (LFRK): The club, founded in 1926, emerged from a women's department in the Lübeck rowing club established in 1919 and is also one of the “four independent women's rowing clubs in Germany”. This association has been explicitly open to people with disabilities since 1983.
  • 1927: Women's rowing club "Freiweg": This club, founded in 1927 and based in Frankfurt am Main, advertises with the slogan: "The rowing club not just for women".
  • 1928: Frauen-Ruder-Club Hannover 1928 (1st FRC Hannover): The club, which was founded in 1928 mainly by sports and gymnastics teachers, is located on the Maschsee, has meanwhile dedicated itself to popular sports and has been accepting men since 1985.
  • 1939: Sports Association Dresdenia - Women's Department Hamburg : The association emerged from the “women's rowing department of the company sports association of Dresdner Bank AG in Hamburg” founded in May 1938. After the name was changed to "Women's Rowing Club Hamburg - formerly Dresdenia" in 1945, it was later changed to "Rowing Women Club Dresdenia". When it opened for men in 1982, the club was also open to men and was now called the “Ruder-Club Dresdenia” (RCD).
  • 1947: Women's Rowing Club Wannsee (FRCW): The only women's rowing club in Berlin between 1978 and March 2015 was founded in 1947 and is considered the youngest of the "four independent women's rowing clubs" in Germany. The members of the Friedrichshagener Ladies Rowing Club joined him in 1977.

structure

All rowing clubs have a statute and a rowing order. Usually there is a board that represents the interests of the members. The German Rowing Association (DRV), which is also responsible for putting together the national teams and coordinating the club's work, is responsible for representing the rowers as a whole . Athletes who want to take part in national competitions must be members of an association belonging to the DRV.

Historical classification of the participation of women in rowing competitions

In 1954 women competed for the first time at the European Championships , and from 1958 onwards, the two teams "East" and "West" held eliminations prior to the European Championships. When world championships were introduced every four years in 1962 , this initially happened without women's races. In 1976 women were allowed to row for the first time at the Olympic Games . For comparison: 80 years after it was possible for men. In the 1970s and 1980s, rowers from the GDR dominated the Olympic stage. "They won 34 gold, nine silver and eight bronze medals and celebrated at least one Olympic victory in each of the 14 classes for men and women."

After the reunification , the East German clubs joined the DRV in 1991 and an all-German national rowing team was formed again.

Excellent rowers in women's rowing clubs (selection)

Between 1937 and 1942 and between 1949 and 1969 women were able to participate in the German rowing championship in the style rowing discipline (in the GDR until 1963). In this championship, which was held at different locations, five FRCW women rowed to first place in Hanover in 1950: the sisters Gisela and Christel Fremder, Marga Kretschmar, Lieselotte Höhn and Christel Schurwanz (helmsman). In 1952, Rita Frommhold, Ursel Melchert, Ingrid Wallmann, Gisela Fremder and Christel Fremder (tax woman) came second in Bad Ems, and a year later, in 1953, the same team came third in Mannheim.

In the early years, women rowers from women's rowing clubs competed against other clubs in the German Championship in Style Rowing. And so in Heilbronn in 1938 Friedel Strunk, Isa Gerstung, Hannelore Giesen, Anneliese Wollstein and taxwoman Olly Degenhardt from the Casseler Frauen-RV secured second place.

In 1939, H. Dähne, G. Jäger, Ch. Mensebach, G. Claßen and taxwoman H. Reihe from the Friedrichshagener Damen-RC in Leipzig took third place.

Women from the 1st FRC Hanover achieved third place three times with different boat crews: Ruth Neldner, Eva Gretschel, Irmgard Sprengeler, Ingeborg Segelke and taxwoman Olly Lohsträter in Berlin in 1940, Doris Böttner, Inge Knappmeyer, Ilse Kreienfeld, Rosi Kehr, taxwoman Ingrid Witthuhn in 1951 in Mainz and Inge Hanke, Margot Ohme, Liesel Kähne, Annelie Röttger and taxwoman Olly Lohsträter 1952 in Bad Ems.

However, the women from the Hamburg Rowing Club (HRC) were the most successful in this competition discipline. They won the German championship title several times: Heidi Fieck, Renate Wulff, Gerhold Kuchenbecker, Brigitta Heinig and taxwoman Rosemarie Leithoff in 1961 in Hanover and 1962 in Mainz. A year earlier, in 1960, the same team had already achieved the runner-up in Duisburg. In 1965, this time in Mannheim, another HRC team made it onto the podium, including two rowers for the third time: Heidi Witte-Fieck, Heidrun Upleger, Bernelies Begemann, Brigitta Niemann-Heinig and taxwoman Brigitte Collies.

Other titles were achieved by women from women's rowing clubs at Eichkranzrennen (EKR) (U23 - DM up to 22 years), national decisions and at the German Youth Championships (DJM) (DM up to 18 years). At international level, medals have been won at the Junior World Championships and at the Seniors match.

Other successful rowers in women's rowing clubs:

  • Gretel Bischoff (1st FRC Hanover) was German runner-up in the women's singles in 1939
  • Inge Oehlenschläger (LFRG) took third place in the women's singles at the DMR in 1939 and 1941
  • Inge Oehlenschläger and Friedel Schneegaß (LFRG) won the first German championship in a double scull in 1939
  • Waltraud Roick (LFRG) was German champion in the women's singles in 1966 and 1967
  • Margret Dohrendorf (LFRK) achieved third place in the women's single in 1968
  • Gudrun Vetter (LFRG) came third in 1969
  • Karola Brandt (FRCW) was in the national team for a decade, won seven German championship titles, including twice in single, won bronze in the four-four with helmswoman at the 1972 European Rowing Championships and took part in the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal , where women's rowing had been included in the Olympic program for the first time.
  • Renate Gruenke as helmswoman (FRCW) in double fours with helmswoman, bronze at the European rowing championships in 1972
  • In 1975 Karin Gondolatsch (HRC) won the German and International German Championships as well as bronze at the World Championships
  • In 1975 Doris Leifermann (HRC) won the German and International German Championships as well as bronze at the World Championships
  • Evelyn Herwegh (women's rowing club "Freiweg")
  • Sabine Dürkop (LFRG) achieved bronze in the women's single in 1981
  • Sabine Jurk (FRCW) won the DMR in a four in 1989
  • Magdalena Schmude (FRCW)

Further awards

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bühnemann, K., Boat and Shipbuilding . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, III (address of K. Bühnemann: Seestraße 8a, Friedrichshagen).
  2. ↑ a b Water Sports Museum Grünau , History of Water Sports.
  3. ^ Märkischer Ruderverein: club history. Retrieved June 5, 2020 .
  4. ↑ WESP, Frisch, Fromm, Fröhlich: Woman, Women and Sport at the Time of the Weimar Republic , Königstein / Taunus 1998, p. 10.
  5. ↑ Cf. TSCHAP-BOCK: Frauensport und Gesellschaft , p. 107.
  6. ↑ WESP, Frisch, Fromm, Fröhlich: Woman, Women and Sport at the Time of the Weimar Republic , Königstein / Taunus 1998, p. 26.
  7. ^ Watersport (magazine), 1936, p. 144.
  8. ↑ Ellen Becker: Mit Rock und Riemen , Greven 1992, p. 22.
  9. ↑ Anne Hutmacher: The development of women's rowing in Germany (dissertation) , accessed on June 6, 2018.
  10. ↑ Ellen Becker: Mit Rock und Riemen, Greven 1992, p. 23.
  11. ↑ a b c Chronicle of the Wannsee women's rowing club , accessed on July 8, 2020.
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Anne Hutmacher: The development of women rowing in Germany, dissertation, Cologne 2010. Accessed on May 3, 2017 .
  13. ↑ a b Lübeck Women's Rowing Society from 1907. Retrieved on January 3, 2016 .
  14. ↑ Cassel women's rowing club. Retrieved January 3, 2016 .
  15. ↑ Emder Ruderverein e. V. history. Retrieved March 16, 2019 .
  16. ↑ Dresden women's rowing club. Retrieved January 3, 2016 .
  17. ↑ Hamburg Rowing Club from 1925. Retrieved on January 3, 2016 .
  18. ↑ Lübeck women's rowing club. Retrieved January 3, 2016 .
  19. ↑ Women's rowing club "Freiweg". Retrieved January 3, 2016 .
  20. ^ Frauen-Ruder-Club Hannover 1928. Retrieved on January 3, 2016 .
  21. ↑ Rowing Club Dresdenia our history. Retrieved March 16, 2019 .
  22. ↑ Neuköllner Ruderclub Berlin e. V. Accessed February 23, 2017 .
  23. ↑ a b Chronicle of rowing in Germany. (No longer available online.) German Rowing Association, archived from the original on January 3, 2016 ; accessed on November 7, 2018 .
  24. ↑ Rowing. In: www.olympia-lexikon.de. Retrieved January 3, 2016 .
  25. ↑ Rüsselsheimer Ruder-Klub 08 "Archive and Chronicle": German Championship Rowing (DMR) double fours with helmswoman, style rowers - women (places 1–3) , accessed on February 6, 2019.
  26. ↑ Rüsselsheimer Ruder-Klub 08 "Archive and Chronicle": German Championship Rowing (DMR) One - Women (places 1–3) , accessed on February 12, 2019.