Friedrich Heinrich (Brandenburg-Schwedt)

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Friedrich Heinrich Prince of Prussia and Margrave of Brandenburg zu Schwedt

Friedrich Heinrich von Brandenburg-Schwedt (also: Heinrich Friedrich ) (* August 21, 1709 in Schwedt ; † December 12, 1788 ibid) was a Prussian prince , honorary Prussian major general and as margrave since 1771 the last holder of the Prussian secondary school in Schwedt-Wildenbruch ( commonly known as " Brandenburg-Schwedt "). His numerous love affairs earned him the nickname Der Schlimme Margrave . As a member of the Schwedt branch line of the Prussian royal family, like all Prussian princes of the blood , he bore the title Prince of Prussia and Margrave of Brandenburg with the title of Royal Highness .

Life

His father was Margrave Philipp Wilhelm, his mother Johanna Charlotte von Anhalt-Dessau , daughter of Prince Johann Georg II of Anhalt-Dessau and Princess Henriette Catharina of Orange.

After his father's death in 1711 was Frederick Henry of his mother under the tutelage of his uncle only I. Frederick , then his cousin Frederick William I behaved. As early as 1711 he became chief of the regiment named after him "Brandenburg-Schwedt on foot" . But the prince showed little military interest, in 1733 the king was so upset about the disorder in his regimental leadership that Friedrich Heinrich was imprisoned for a few weeks. It was not used militarily by Frederick the Great , who valued him little. In 1741 he received the newly established subordinate fusilier regiment "Brandenburg-Schwedt" . But even here he cared little, so he left it to the respective commanding officer.

Friedrich Heinrich was married to his direct cousin Leopoldine Marie von Anhalt-Dessau from 1739 . Her parents were Prince Leopold I of Anhalt-Dessau , better known as Der alten Dessauer , and the pharmacist's daughter, Countess Anna Luise von Anhalt . After the birth of the two daughters, the spouses soon fell apart so violently that the margrave repeatedly complained about them to the king as head of the House of Prussia-Brandenburg. Frederick the Great finally banished the margravine to Kolberg in 1751, where she had to stay for the rest of her life.

Since 1740 the margrave was a member of the Masonic lodge Aux trois globes (To the three world globes). In 1755 he bought the Prinzessinnenpalais in Berlin. Between 1748 and 1765 Friedrich Heinrich took part in a number of meetings of the Berlin Academy . The margrave had long-term contacts with the mathematician Leonhard Euler , among others .

When his brother Friedrich Wilhelm died in 1771 , he inherited the Schwedt-Wildenbruch rule. As Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, he was a patron of the arts and sciences. Friedrich Heinrich left the most lasting effect during his reign with the establishment of a court theater in a specially constructed building. He suspended a capital of 2000 Reichstalers in gold with the stipulation that the annual interest would go to two young men from the rulership who had attended the Schwedt School for at least two years as a university scholarship.

Friedrich Heinrichs mistress and second wife Marie Magdalene Charlotte von Stoltzenberg in later years

From 1778 to 1780 the margrave had the Monplaisir castle built. At the age of 75, in 1784, he married his mistress , the actress Marie Magdalene Charlotte Carl , née Kramann (1763–1838), daughter of a Gotha court cellar master, who, as an ennobled Baroness von Stoltzenberg, had usufruct during the Margrave's lifetime at the Stolzenberg estate in the Neumark and financially generous gifts. Their son Friedrich, born premaritally in 1782, received the status of baron as von Stoltzenberg from the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm II in 1786 .

With his death in 1788 the legitimate male line of the Prussian branch line Schwedt expired, the secondary education - Fideikommiss fell back to the crown, his daughters and nieces were paid off. He bequeathed his allodial property to his equal direct descendants , the Stolzenberg, Wormsfelde and Zantoch estates in Neumark , the Biesenbrow estate in the Uckermark and the Markgraf-Heinrich-Palais in Berlin. His widowed wife "on the left hand" , Charlotte Freifrau von Stoltzenberg, married the Swedish Chamber Council and Forestry Councilor Adolf Julius Lauer . Soon afterwards he was the Prussian War and Domain Councilor in Magdeburg and since 1790 in the baron class as Lauer von Münchhofen , since 1793 lord of Plaue Castle , which his wife had bought for 76,000 thalers. After he too died in 1831, his widow Charlotte († 1838) took over the administration of the estate and castle lordship of Plaue. Her heirs sold the property to the Count of Königsmarck in 1839 .

children

from the marriage with Leopoldine Marie von Anhalt-Dessau :

from the relationship or marriage with Marie Magdalene Charlotte von Stoltzenberg :

  • Friedrich Carl von Stoltzenberg (January 15, 1782 - January 3, 1845), progenitor of the Barons von Stoltzenberg, who was born premaritally and could not succeed in Schwedt, March 15, 1811 Therese Dufour (February 4, 1786, † June 25, 1869 in Neuwied )
  • Heinrich Carl von Stoltzenberg (* 1785; † August 10, 1786 in Schwedt, buried in the crypt under the new Reformed Church, the hereditary burial of the Schwedt Hohenzollern)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This was done in consultation with King Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia, which already happened when he was still the designated successor of Frederick the Great. When he ascended the throne, the Schwedt margrave came back and asked that Charlotte , who was living with him in " Mariage de Conscience ", be appointed Baroness von Stoltzenberg. See Heinrich Jobst Graf von Wintzingerode, Difficult Prinzen: The Margraves of Brandenburg-Schwedt , Berlin 2011, p. 510 f. ( Digitized version )
  2. ↑ Kurt Michel and René Paul-Peters, A lady of the castle who was venerated: From the Plau Baroness, who was friends with the Margrave as an actress ( digital copy ( memento of the original from October 4, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: the archive link became automatic inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note .; PDF; 444 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wiwei.de
  3. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume XIV, Volume 131 of the complete series, Limburg (Lahn) 2003, p. 168
  4. ^ Count of Wintzingerode: The Margraves of Brandenburg-Schwedt. P. 516 ff.
  5. ^ GHdA, Adelslexikon Volume VII, Volume 97 of the complete series, Limburg (Lahn) 1989, p. 211: Laur received from Elector Friedrich August III. from Saxony as imperial vicar the imperial nobility and baron class with von Münchhofen after the Mönchshof estate in Siebleben near Gotha, which he acquired together with his wife. Although he received the Prussian recognition of the name change Lau 1796 e r of Münchshofen, but located next to the old form of Laur sat Münchshofen by.
  6. ^ Theodor Fontane , Walks through the Mark Brandenburg , Chapter 4, Plaue from 1793 to 1839: from Lauer-Münchhofensche time
  7. ^ Family tree Hohenzollern: descendants of Margrave Philipps von Brandenburg-Schwedt
personal data
SURNAME Friedrich Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt
DATE OF BIRTH August 21, 1709
PLACE OF BIRTH Schwedt
DATE OF DEATH December 12, 1788
Place of death Schwedt