Friedrich Michelis

Friedrich Bernhard Ferdinand Michelis (born July 27, 1815 in Munster , † May 28, 1886 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German philosopher and Catholic theologian and a member of the constituent Reichstag of the North German Confederation . After the First Vatican Council, he joined Old Catholicism.

Life

Friedrich Michelis is the brother of Eduard Michelis . He attended high school in Münster from 1827 to 1834. He then studied philosophy and Catholic theology in Münster and was ordained a priest in 1838. From 1849 he was a chaplain and religion teacher in Duisburg . In 1849 he received his doctorate. phil. in Bonn . From 1849 to 1854 he was professor of history and philosophy at the theological faculty in Paderborn . After he had been appointed director of the Collegium Borromaeum in Münster by the bishop of Münster , there was a complete break with the episcopal authority. From 1855 to 1864 he was pastor in Albachten near Münster.

In 1864 he became professor of philosophy at the Lyceum Hosianum in Braunsberg in East Prussia . As a supporter of Old Catholicism , however, he was forbidden to continue working at the Lyceum by the bishop of the diocese. Finally, in 1870, he was excommunicated as one of the main spokesmen for the Old Catholics . Later he was travel preacher and brief pastor of the parish of the Old Catholics in Constance and in Freiburg im Breisgau in 1875 until his death . In lectures and writings in the 1850s, he first turned against scientific materialism and later against Darwinism .

From 1866 to 1867 he was a member of the Prussian House of Representatives for the constituency of Allenstein - Rößel . In 1867 he was also a member of the constituent Reichstag of the North German Confederation for the constituency of Düsseldorf 9 ( Kempen ). In the Reichstag he remained non-attached. After a conflict with the President of the Reichstag, he spontaneously resigned from his mandate on March 21, 1867.

His grave is in the main cemetery in Freiburg im Breisgau . The bronze figure on it was created by Friedrich Moest , the substructure by Karl Andelfinger .

Publications

The ecclesiastical standpoint of nature research. Theissing, Münster 1855.
Materialism as belief in coal. Theissing, Münster 1856.
The philosophy of Plato in its inner relation to revealed truth. Presented critically from the sources. 2 vol., Aschendorff, Münster 1858, 1860.
Renan's novel of the life of Jesus. A German answer to French blasphemy. 2nd, change Ed., Brunn, Münster 1864.
Prussia's profession for Germany and world history. A free word at the right time. Schöningh, Paderborn 1863.
De Aristotele Plantonis in idearum doctrina adversario. Commentatio critica. Huye, Braunsberg 1864.
Anti-Darwinian Observations. Neusser, Bonn 1877.
The philosophy of consciousness. Neusser, Bonn 1877.
Haeckelogonie. An academic protest. 2nd edition, Neusser, Bonn 1876.
Wood shavings. Poems with armored prefaces. Diemer, Mainz 1885.
Nature and revelation. Organ to mediate between natural research and faith for educated people of all classes. Aschendorff, Münster 1855ff. Co-founder and editor until 1867; Contributions to 1869.

literature

Franz Xaver Bishop: Michelis, Friedrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-428-00198-2 , p. 449 f. ( Digitized version ).
Bernd Haunfelder , Klaus Erich Pollmann : Reichstag of the North German Confederation 1867–1870. Historical photographs and biographical handbook (= photo documents on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 2). Droste, Düsseldorf 1989, ISBN 3-7700-5151-3 .
Michelis: Michelis, Friedrich Bernard Ferdinand . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, pp. 376-384.
Andreas W. Daum : Science popularization in the 19th century. Bourgeois Culture, Scientific Education, and the German Public, 1848-1914 . 2nd, supplementary edition, Oldenbourg, Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-486-56551-5 .

Web links

Michelis, Fr. in the database of members of the Reichstag
Friedrich Michelis' biography . In: Heinrich Best : database of the members of the Reichstag of the Empire 1867/71 to 1918 (Biorab - Kaiserreich)
Friedrich Michelis in the Lexicon of Westphalian Authors

Individual evidence

↑ Matthias Ring: "Catholic and German". The Old Catholic Church in Germany and National Socialism . Alt-Katholischer Bistumsverlag, Bonn 2008, ISBN 978-3-934610-35-4 , p. 42, note 168.
^ Andreas W. Daum : Science popularization in the 19th century. Civil culture, scientific education and the German public, 1848–1914 . Oldenbourg ,, Munich, 2nd, supplemented edition 2002, ISBN 3-486-56551-6 , p. 502.
^ Andreas W. Daum: Science popularization in the 19th century. Bourgeois Culture, Scientific Education, and the German Public, 1848-1914 . 2nd, supplementary edition. Oldenbourg, Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-486-56551-5 , pp. 297 .
↑ Protocol to the Reichstag of March 21, 1867, page 308. (pdf) Munich Digitization Center, accessed on October 20, 2010 .
^ Protocol to the Reichstag dated March 21, 1867, page 312. (pdf) Munich Digitization Center, accessed on October 20, 2010 .
↑ Michael Klant: Forgotten sculptors. In: Sculpture in Freiburg. 19th century art in public space , Freiburg 2000, ISBN 3-922675-77-8 , pp. 164–172, here p. 168.

personal data
SURNAME	Michelis, Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Michelis, Friedrich Bernhard Ferdinand (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Philosopher, Catholic theologian, member of the Reichstag
DATE OF BIRTH	July 27, 1815
PLACE OF BIRTH	Muenster
DATE OF DEATH	May 28, 1886
Place of death	Freiburg in Breisgau

[1] Matthias Ring: "Catholic and German". The Old Catholic Church in Germany and National Socialism . Alt-Katholischer Bistumsverlag, Bonn 2008, ISBN 978-3-934610-35-4 , p. 42, note 168.

[2] Andreas W. Daum : Science popularization in the 19th century. Civil culture, scientific education and the German public, 1848–1914 . Oldenbourg ,, Munich, 2nd, supplemented edition 2002, ISBN 3-486-56551-6 , p. 502.

[3] Andreas W. Daum: Science popularization in the 19th century. Bourgeois Culture, Scientific Education, and the German Public, 1848-1914 . 2nd, supplementary edition. Oldenbourg, Munich 2002, ISBN 978-3-486-56551-5 , pp. 297 .

[4] Protocol to the Reichstag of March 21, 1867, page 308. (pdf) Munich Digitization Center, accessed on October 20, 2010 .

[5] Protocol to the Reichstag dated March 21, 1867, page 312. (pdf) Munich Digitization Center, accessed on October 20, 2010 .

[6] Michael Klant: Forgotten sculptors. In: Sculpture in Freiburg. 19th century art in public space , Freiburg 2000, ISBN 3-922675-77-8 , pp. 164–172, here p. 168.