Lyceum Hosianum

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The school yard of the Collegium Hosianum , today a vocational school

The Lyceum Hosianum was a lyceum in Braunsberg in the exemten Principality of Warmia . As part of the German Concordat , it was an academic training center for Catholic theologians and the second East Prussian academy after the Albertus University in Königsberg . In the course of its history it housed a philosophical-theological and general scientific college, a grammar school, a Jesuit college with a monastery, an episcopal convict, a seminary and a missionary seminary.

history

Stanislaus Hosius founded the Lyceum Hosianum in 1565 as a Jesuit college in the Braunsberg Ordensburg . This measure is to be seen in direct connection with the spread of Protestantism in Warmia (located within the Duchy of Prussia), which one wanted to counter with it. Unlike a university, the Lyceum Hosianum had neither self-administration rights nor academic freedom. For the training of priests, however, it offered a full replacement for university studies and was therefore particularly attractive for candidates for priesthood from rural regions of Warmia. The Jesuits of the Lyceum strongly supported the order of Regina Protmann .

Institution development

The Braunsberg Ordensburg was built in 1240. A Franciscan monastery was founded there in 1296 and has been vacant since the Reformation . From 1564/1565 the Lyceum was supplemented by a Jesuit college and from 1566/7 by the Ermland seminary . This has been documented since 1568. Another addition was the missionary seminar for the Nordic countries from 1578 to 1798. A private printing press, which had existed since 1589, was bought up by the Jesuits in 1697. Efforts were made to make Braunsberg a university town well into the 18th century. The library of the Jesuit College was looted by Gustav Adolf's troops during the Thirty Years' War and is still in the Carolina Rediviva , Uppsala University Library . When the Jesuits had barely completed the construction of the new college building from 1743 to 1771, the Jesuit order was abolished in 1773. In the vacated building, the Warmian bishop Joseph von Hohenzollern-Hechingen housed a grammar school, which he also attached to the Lyceum. In 1807 the college was destroyed by Napoleon's troops and abolished as an institution. In 1811 the reorganized humanistic grammar school was opened. It was expanded with the new building in 1818. In 1821 the Royal Lyceum Hosianum with its Academy of Philosophy and Theology became a university on an equal footing. In 1912 it became the "State Academy Lyceum Hosianum". The names of the attached grammar school were: Königliches Akademisches Gymnasium , then Gymnasium Hosianum and in 1936, in the “Third Reich”, finally the Hermann von Salza School .

Post-war situation

Only the walls on the ground floor and one of the baroque portals from the previous building have been preserved. The rest comes from the period of reconstruction from 1960 to 1973. A high school was also housed again. The rectangular corner tower of the grammar school is the "Pfaffenturm" (a remnant of the Braunsberg Ordensburg) because it is the cornerstone of the former Franciscan monastery. Today the school collections of the high school are shown there. The part of the moat running south was called "Plum Ground". A small circular open-air arena has been set up in its water.

  • Collegium Hosianum with moat, plum ground and open-air arena

  • patio

  • Seminary

  • high school

  • Lyceum Hosianum

Professors and teachers

See category: University teachers (Braunsberg)

Students and pupils

In the pages of memory (Schmiedeberg) many portrait watercolors by students have been preserved.

Lecture directories

  • Index lectionum in Lyceo Hosiano Brunsbergensi per semestre ... have therefore WS 1821/22 - WS 1834/35
  • Index lectionum in Lyceo Regio Hosiano Brunsbergensi per ... instituendarum SS 1884 - WS 1904/05
  • List of lectures at the Royal Lyceum Hosianum zu Braunsberg SS 1905 - SS 1912
  • List of lectures at the Königl. Academy in Braunsberg WS 1912/13 - WS 1918/19
  • List of lectures at the State Academy in Braunsberg SS 1919 - WS 1934/35
  • Personnel and course directory. State Academy in Braunsberg SS 1935 - WS 1944/45

literature

  • L. Wiese: The higher education system in Prussia. Historical-statistical representation . Berlin 1864, pp. 57–59 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  • Joseph Bender (ed.): History of the philosophical and theological studies in Warmia. Festschrift of the Royal Lyceum Hosianum zu Braunsberg for its 50th anniversary celebration, as well as to commemorate the three hundredth anniversary of the Hosian Institutes . Braunsberg 1868 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  • Bernhard Stasiewski : The intellectual-historical position of the Catholic Academy Braunsberg 1568-1945 . In: German colleges and universities in the east . Cologne, Opladen 1964, pp. 41-58.
  • Ernst Federau: The high school graduates of the Braunsberg high school from 1818 to 1945 . In: Magazine for History and Archeology of Warmia (ZGAE). Supplement 8/1990.
  • Manfred Clauss : The Theological University Braunsberg . In: Udo Arnold (Ed.): Prussia as a university landscape in the 19th and 20th centuries. Century . Lüneburg 1992, pp. 23-42.
  • Bertram Faensen: The "Antique Archaeological Cabinet" at the Lyceum Hosianum in Braunsberg (Braniewo). From the history of the ancient collection and the chair for classical philology at a Catholic university in Warmia . In: Pegasus. Berlin contributions to the afterlife of antiquity 2, 2000, pp. 61–87 ( PDF ; 9.23 MB).
  • Józef Trypućko, Michał Spandowski: The catalog of the book collection of the Jesuit college in Braniewo held in the University Library in Uppsala , ed. by Michał Spandowski u. Sławomir Szyller, 3 volumes (= Acta bibliothecae r. Universitatis Upsaliensis . Vol. 41). Biblioteka Narodowa, Warsaw / Uppsala universitetsbibliotek, Uppsala 2007.
  • Jürgen Beyer: En luthersk prästson som jesuitelev i Braunsberg (1639–1641): Lars Andersen från Othem på Gotland [ A Lutheran pastor's son as a Jesuit student in Braunsberg: Lars Andersen from Othem, Gotland ]. In: Arv och minne 34 (2011), pp. 24–26 (Swedish).

Web links

Commons : Lyceum Hosianum  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinrich Friedrich Jacobson : History of the sources of the canon law of the Prussian state, with documents and registers . Part I, Volume 2, Königsberg 1839, pp. 225–226 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  2. ↑ Ludwig von Baczko: History of Prussia . Volume 3, Königsberg 1794, pp. 269-270 ( digitized in the Google book search).


Coordinates: 54 ° 22 ′ 53.8 ″  N , 19 ° 49 ′ 20.8 ″  E