Friedrich von Stein

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Friedrich von Stein

Samuel Friedrich Nathanael (Ritter von) Stein (born November 3, 1818 in Niemegk , Brandenburg province , † January 9, 1885 in Prague ) was a Prussian , German zoologist.

origin

His father was the doctor of theology and Protestant pastor in Niemegk Karl Wilhelm Stein (* October 22, 1790 - September 6, 1864) and his wife Marie Dorothee Polster (* December 21, 1795 - February 18, 1869).

Life

He went to the public school in Niemegk and received additional lessons in the ancient languages ​​from his father, because he was supposed to study theology one day. Friedrich came to the grammar school in Wittenberg in 1832, where he discovered the NaturFriedrich Georg von Stgemeinschaften. He was an avid collector and observer of insects, plants, and bird eggs. During his high school years from 1834 to 1837 he was able to publish several independent observations in the scientific journal "Iris". Among other things, this included the description of a microlepidoptera species he discovered, the Alucita pelidnodaktyla , which was later recognized as a new species. His father now also refrained from letting him study theology. After graduating, he went to the university in Berlin at Easter 1838 to study natural sciences and medicine. There he was particularly noticed by the director of the royal zoological museum, Professor Lichtenstein , and the professor of zoology Wiegmann , who now promoted him. He also received numerous suggestions from Professor Müller , whose lectures on comparative anatomy and physiology he attended.

After completing his studies , at the end of the summer semester he received his doctorate with the title “De Myriapodum partibus genitalibus cum 3 tab. aeneis ". Lichtenstein initially employed him in the zoological museum and on January 1, 1843 he became the third curator there. In the same year he was given the fifth full teaching position at the municipal vocational school under Klöden’s direction for the subject of zoology and botany. There he worked out his "Outline of Organic Natural History". In 1847 he published the large, strictly scientific monograph: "Comparative Anatomy and Philology of Insects". On the basis of this work, he completed his habilitation in spring 1848 as a private lecturer in zoology at the Berlin University. Since 1847 he was also a member of the Ministerial Commission for the examination of the chief forester candidates and thus became known in other forestry circles.

Stein became curator of the Zoological Museum at the University of Berlin in 1849 . Through the mediation of Lichtenstein and the Oberlandforstmeister von Reuss he became professor for zoology and botany at the forest academy in Tharandt in September 1850 . Conditions were easier here than in Berlin. He now devoted himself to forest and agricultural topics. In 1852 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . His most important publication was "The infusion animals, examined for their development history". He was able to refute Christian Georg Ehrenberg's most important authority in this area and to reveal and prove the lack of stability in his interpretation of the organization of the infusion animals.

In 1855 he followed a call from the then Minister of Education, Leo Graf Thun , to enter the imperial Austrian civil service. He moved to the University in Prague on March 6, 1855 , where he worked until his retirement . He also taught zoology to Prince Ludwig Salvator . In 1859 he was accepted into the Royal Saxon Society of Sciences . Since 1861 he was a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1869 Stein was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Franz Joseph Order. In the academic year 1875/1876 he was the first Protestant rector of Prague University in 200 years. He received the Order of the Iron Crown III in 1877 . Class and the statutes according to April 27, 1878 in Vienna by Emperor Franz Joseph I. ennobled.

The scientific work of Steins concentrated on the invertebrates and here especially on the two-winged and single-celled animals. His major work on infusion animals became the basis for all later research in this area.

family

Stein married Johanne Ottilie Emma Couard on May 29, 1844 in Berlin (born December 30, 1823 in Berlin; † September 2, 1903 in Asch ). The couple had nine children. The second youngest, daughter Adelheid von Stein (born May 25, 1859), married Josef Neuwirth .

Fonts

  • De Myriapodum partibus genitalibus, nova generationis theoria atque introductione systematica adjectis. Dissertatio inauguralis zoologica quam […] in Alma Universitate Litteraria Friderica-Guilielma [… (16 Aug. 1841)] publice defendet auctor , Berlin: Brandes et Klewert 1841
  • The living snails and mussels of the area around Berlin , Berlin: Reimer, 1850
  • The infusion animals examined for their development history , Leipzig: Engelmann 1854
  • The organism of the infusion animals according to own research , Leipzig: Engelmann, part 1: 1859, part 2: 1867, part 3: 1878, part 4: 1863 (note: this is Stein's main work)
  • About the main results of the infusorie research. A lecture , Vienna: Staatsdruckerei, 1863

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ member entry by Friedrich von Stein at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on 26 June 2016th
  2. ^ Members of the SAW: Samuel FN Ritter von Stein. Saxon Academy of Sciences, accessed December 4, 2016 .
  3. ↑ The predecessors of forest zoology in Tharandt since the founding of the Tharandt Forest Academy on June 17th, 1816 ( Memento of April 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Stein, Friedrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stein, Samuel Friedrich Nathaniel Ritter von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German zoologist
DATE OF BIRTH November 3, 1818
PLACE OF BIRTH Niemegk
DATE OF DEATH January 9, 1885
Place of death Prague