Funtensee

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Funtensee
20160829 Funtensee with Schottmalhorn, Steinernes Meer, Berchtesgaden National Park (DSC06630) .jpg
The Funtensee in the Stone Sea
Geographical location Berchtesgaden National Park , Bavaria GermanyBavariaBavaria  GermanyGermany 
Tributaries Chair ditch
Drain Teufelsmühle (underground) → Königssee
Places on the shore Kärlingerhaus
Data
Coordinates 47 ° 29 '37 "  N , 12 ° 56' 21"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 29 '37 "  N , 12 ° 56' 21"  E
Funtensee (Bavaria)
Funtensee
Altitude above sea level 1601  m above sea level NHN
surface 3.4 ha
length 270 m
width 130 m
volume 86,000 m³
scope 780 m
Maximum depth 5.5 m
Middle deep 2.5 m
Catchment area 10 km²

particularities

Extremely low air temperatures possible

The Funtensee is a karst lake in the mountain range of the stone sea in the Berchtesgaden National Park and is situated at an altitude of 1601  m above sea level. NHN . The lake has gained national fame due to its location-related cold records, which, however, are not representative of the wider area.

etymology

The origin of the sea name is disputed. The roots Fontana (“source”) or spark (“trout”) were suggested for the defining word . The spelling Fundensee can also be found in old sources .

geography

The Funtensee lies in a depression, covers about 2.5  hectares (officially 3.4 hectares are specified) and its shoreline is about 780 meters long. At the deepest point it is 5.5 meters and on average 2.5 meters deep. The water catchment area covers around 10 km².

The main tributary is the Stuhlgraben in the southeast, to which the Rennergraben flows 240 meters before the mouth on the right .

Sound of the devil's mill.

The lake has no surface or any other visible drain. On the eastern shore but on the Devil's Mill , a verstürzten Ponor , behind a rock wall, a gurgling sound from the underground drainage of over water to hear. From there, the water reaches the Königssee within eleven hours .

The Funtensee is designated by the Bavarian State Office for the Environment as a particularly valuable geotope (geotope number: 172R002).

Emergence

The depression in which the Funtensee lies was created over a long period of time through karst erosion processes and subsequent glacial deformation. From a geomorphological point of view, the shape of the terrain is a uvala . Sinking holes formed by carbonic acid weathering were carved even deeper by a glacier up to 350 m thick during the last ice age. After it melted, the glacier left ground moraines behind , which sealed off the drainage underground in the lake.

history

The use of the Funtensee area for alpine farming is documented as early as 1385. 1850 Funtenseealm was charged with 185 cattle corners , the summering was abandoned in the 1960s.

At times the border between Bavaria and Salzburg ran through the lake. This was the case before 1810 and from 1816 to 1818, in the meantime the Duchy of Salzburg belonged entirely to the Kingdom of Bavaria .

The Kärlingerhaus is located 29 meters above and 150 meters northwest of the lake , a large alpine club hut that is managed during the summer season and whose winter area is open all year round.

climate

The local climate at Funtensee has a special position. On December 24, 2001, a Meteomedia station registered a temperature of −45.9 ° C. On the same day, the lower Funtensee station of the DWD registered a temperature of −44.0 ° C. However, the DWD gives the lowest temperature for Germany -37.8 ° C (on February 12, 1929 in Hüll / Wolnzach ).

The cold extremes are explained by the topographical location of the lake, which is surrounded by mountains and lies at the bottom of a basin . In winter, the rays of the low-lying sun hardly ever reach the bottom of the mountain basin. On clear nights, the residual heat radiates. Since the cold air cannot flow out of the sink, a cold air lake is formed .

The forest ends in the surrounding mountains about 100 m above the valley basin, the lake shore and the lower valley basin are completely free of trees. However, this reversed tree line is apparently not a result of the cold air lake, but is attributed to the earlier use as an alpine farm.

photos

  • Funtensee from the east, in the background the Great Hundred Death

  • Northern shore with the Kärlingerhaus located northwest of the lake

  • The "Teufelsmühle", the underground drain at the northeastern end of the Funtensee

  • Funtensee around 1900

  • DWD weather station on Funtensee

literature

Web links

Commons : Funtensee  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Water portrait Funtensee , Traunstein Water Management Office, accessed on November 28, 2013
  2. ↑ a b Agricultural Heritage. Society for Agricultural History, accessed October 2, 2010 .
  3. ^ Johann Paul Schmitt: Our Fatherland Bavaria. Historical and geographical splendid work in nine volumes of six monthly issues each . Volume 1 Upper Bavaria , Munich 1865. p. 16 ( digitized version )
  4. ↑ Karst hydrological markings in the Berchtesgaden National Park. (PDF; 9.6 MB) pp. 25–26 , accessed on April 21, 2016 (Section 2.4.3 Results ).
  5. ↑ Berchtesgaden Valley: high mountain lakes
  6. ↑ Bavarian State Office for the Environment, Geotope Funtensee with Teufelsmühle (accessed on October 19, 2017).
  7. ↑ Historical land map (first recording, dated 1808–1864) and position sheet 1: 25000 (dated 1817–1841) in the BayernAtlas , Bayerische Vermessungsverwaltung
  8. ^ Eduard Richter: Explanations of the historical atlas of the Austrian Alpine countries. The district court card. Volume 1 Salzburg, Upper Austria, Styria . Verlag Holzhausen, Vienna 1917
  9. ↑ Andreas Wagner: Weather extremes , MeteoGroup Unwetterzentrale, August 2009. Retrieved on April 24, 2015.
  10. ↑ Funtensee cold point and temperature curve diagrams on funtensee.de, Berchtesgaden National Park Administration. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  11. ↑ Weather records - air temperature , German Weather Service. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  12. ↑ The vegetation at Funtensee on funtensee.de, Berchtesgaden National Park Administration. Retrieved April 24, 2015.