Galgenberg (Heilbronn)
| Gallows Mountain | ||
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 View over Heilbronn to the east with Galgenberg (center; with three-legged gallows) flanked by Wartberg (left) and Schweinsberg (right) on an engraving from 1643 |
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| height | 312 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Heilbronn , Baden-Württemberg ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Heilbronn mountains | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 8 '12 " N , 9 ° 16' 11" E | |
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 The Heilbronn Galgenberg in the background of a |
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The Galgenberg in the city of Heilbronn with foothills in that of Weinsberg is about 312 m above sea level in the context of its southern summit . NHN high elevation in Baden-Wuerttemberg located Heilbronner mountains . The Heilbronn gallows once stood on this gallows hill . The Weinsberg tunnel runs in the transition area to the north summit (approx. 301.7 m ; ⊙ ) on Gewann Bürg , on which the Weinsberg transmitter is located .
geography
location
The Galgenberg is located in the Heilbronn Mountains, a north-west foothill of the Löwenstein Mountains , and is located within the framework of its southern summit about 3.8 km east of Heilbronn city center. While its peak there is in the east of the urban area of Heilbronn ( urban district ), its north and east flanks lie in the west of the urban area of Weinsberg ( district of Heilbronn ). To the west, the Galgenberg falls in the urban area of Heilbronn into the valley of the Pfühlbach and to the east into that of the Weinsberger Stadtseebach , which is also called Saubach there. About 1.5 km from the southern summit is the northern summit and about 2.5 km (as the crow flies ) south of the Hintersberg ( 364.8 m ). The high areas of the mountain are forested, and on its flanks there are vineyards , especially in the west, but also partly in the east .
The Galgenberg is part of a narrow reed sandstone ridge of the Stuttgart Formation , which ends 2.3 km (as the crow flies) northeast of the city center with the Wartberg as Heilbronn's local mountain and extends in an initially north and later north-west direction from the former Jägerhaus quarry . From the Wartberg, the Weinsberger Sattel (approx. 235 m ) with the federal highway 39 ( Haller Straße - Öhringer Straße ) leads south-east to the north summit of the Galgenberg. From there, the terrain on the northwest flank of this summit rises by more than 50 meters in length to a length of less than 200 m, and then as a narrow plateau after the 291.3 m high notch on the Kernerruhe , under which the Weinsberger Tunnel runs East of the Jägerhaus quarry , the Galgenberg summit is easy to climb; Another former sandstone quarry is located slightly to the east above the saddle.
In the western valley of the Pfühlbach with the Trappensee there ( 183 m ), the Galgenberg falls to a length of 1.2 km (as the crow flies) with a height difference of 129 m. A little way up the slope there are eastern settlement areas of Heilbronn, above which vineyards cover the slope up to the upper edge of the slope. The northeast slope drops with a similar gradient into the valley of the Weinsberger Stadtseebach. On this side the forest begins halfway on the slope, which also takes up the entire mountain plateau with the tubs (from northwest to southeast) Galgenberg , Bürg and Heidenäcker . In Won Bürg stands near the summit the north summit which Schiller oak . The Heidenäcker were probably not always forested. To the east of the Bürg is the Schnarrenberg mountain .
Natural allocation
The Galgenberg belongs to the natural spatial main unit group Swabian Keuper-Lias-Land (No. 10), in the main unit Swabian-Franconian forest mountains (108) and in the subunit Löwensteiner Berge (108.1) to the natural area Heilbronner Berge (108.13), whereby its landscape follows North-east and east in the natural area Weinsberger Tal (108.12) and to the west in the neighboring main unit group Neckar- and Taubergäuplatten (12), in the main unit Neckar basin (123) and in the sub-unit Heilbronner basin (123.6) in the natural area Heilbronner and Fleiner Muschel ( 123.61) falls.
Protected areas
A little southwest of the Galgenberg summit is the nature reserve of the reed sand quarry near the Jägerhaus and its surroundings ( CDDA no. 82520; 1972; 29 ha ). Parts of the Galgenberg - Schweinsberg - Staufenberg landscape protection area (CDDA no. 320949; designated 1983; 12.26 km² in size) and the fauna-flora-habitat area Löwensteiner and Heilbronner Berge (FFH no. 7021-341; 54.27 km²).
history
On the north tip of the Galgenberg there are two burial mounds, presumably from the Bronze Age , in the Burg district .
Like numerous other gallows mountains, the Heilbronner Berg of this name was once the town's high court, visible from afar. A three-legged gallows , which was probably very large, stood here until 1811 ; its foundation walls are 1.2 meters thick and form a triangle with an inner width of 7.5 m.
In 1893, during excavations in a vineyard immediately in front of the place of execution, numerous horse skulls were found over a length of 30 m. In 1901, further excavations revealed ten skeletons of the hanged man.
Weinsberg tunnel
Below a 1.2 km (distance) NNW of Gallows summit in Kerner rest located notch ( 291.3 m ), which leads to the northern tip, extending 1862 opened and 891.3 m long Weinberger tunnel of the railway Heilbronn-Crailsheim .
Weinsberg transmitter
The 70 m high reinforced concrete tower of the Weinsberg transmitter , a broadcasting facility of the Südwestrundfunk (SWR), is located about 250 m east of the north summit in the Weinsberg area at a height of about 295 m .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ Monument topography Baden-Württemberg Vol. I.5, Stadtkreis Heilbronn, Stuttgart 2007, p. 78.
literature
- Rolf Rau: The Heilbronn city forest and its educational trail. History - description - walks. Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1970 (Small series of publications by the Heilbronn City Archives, 5)