Yellow Serradella
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Yellow Serradella ( Ornithopus compressus ) |
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The yellow serradella ( Ornithopus compressus ), also known as the yellow bird's foot or flat-sheathed bird's foot , is a species of plant from the genus Ornithopus within the legume family (Fabaceae). It is naturally widespread in Macaronesia and the Mediterranean from North Africa through West Asia to the Caucasus and in Southwest and Southeast Europe.
description
Appearance and leaf
The Yellow Serradella grows as an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 50 centimeters. She is a deep rooter . The above-ground parts of the plant are downy or coarsely hairy ( indument ). The stem -round, thin and downy hairy, light green, usually 10 to 75 (4 to 80) centimeter long, independently upright, ascending to prostrate stems are well branched to mostly unbranched.
The alternate arranged on the stem leaves are up to 12 centimeters long and stalked to sitting. The unpinnate leaf blade has 5 to mostly 8 to 18 pairs of leaflets and one terminal leaflet. With a length of 2 to 8, rarely up to 18 millimeters and a width of 1.5 to 4, rarely up to 6 millimeters, the entire-margined leaflets are elongated to linear-lanceolate or ovate to elliptical with a pointed, blunt or spiny upper end . Both leaf sides are hairy downy. The stipules are triangular with a length of less than 1 millimeter with a mostly purple upper end.
Inflorescence and flower
Above a foliage-like, unpaired, pinnate bracts are usually three to five (one to six) flowers on a 5 to 35 millimeter long, hairy inflorescence stem in a doldy inflorescence . The cover sheet is relatively small and serrated. There are no more than 1 millimeter long flower stalks.
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . Of the five 3 to 5 millimeter long, densely hairy sepals , three to about half to two thirds of their length are fused and the top two are fused only at their base. The calyx teeth are linear-lanceolate. The five petals are yellow. The 6 to 8.5 millimeter corolla has the typical shape of the butterfly flower . With a length of 5 to 7 millimeters and a width of 2.3 to 3 millimeters, the flag is obovate with a narrowing base and a truncated, spiky top end; it is nailed 1.3 to 2.3 millimeters long. The 1.2 to 1.8 millimeters long and about 0.5 millimeter long eyed flags are elongated with a length of 4.5 to 6 millimeters and a width of 1.5 to 2.2 millimeters. With a length of 3 to 3.5 millimeters, the shuttle is shorter than the flags and ends bluntly. The anthers are 0.2 to 0.3 millimeters long and 0.15 to 0.25 millimeters wide. The only carpel is bald or hairy.
Fruit and seeds
The legume , including the 3 to 15 millimeter long, strongly recurved, thread-like beak, usually 25 to 42 (18 to 45) millimeters long and 2 to 4 millimeters wide, is elongated, curved and flattened and is only slightly constricted with five to eight limbs . On the Iberian Peninsula between February and June, blossoms and fruits can be present on one specimen for a longer period of time. The earth-colored or yellowish-reddish seeds are egg-shaped with a length of rarely 2.4 to, usually 3 to 3.3 millimeters and a diameter of 1.7 to 1.8 millimeters.
Chromosome set
There is diploidy and the number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.
Occurrence
Ornithopus compressus is naturally widespread in Macaronesia and the Mediterranean from North Africa through West Asia to the Caucasus and in Southwest and Southeast Europe. There are sites on Madeira , the Canary Islands, northern Algeria , Morocco , Tunisia , Cyprus , Iran , Israel, Lebanon , western Turkey , Georgia , Albania , Bulgaria , the former Yugoslavia , Greece ( including Crete ), Italy (including Sardinia , Sicily ), France (including Corsica ), Portugal and Spain (including the Balearic Islands ).
Ornithopus compressus is a neophyte in the Azores . For example, in Germany the flat-sheathed bird's foot is a naturalized neophyte. Ornithopus compressus is a neophyte in the Australian states of Victoria, Western Australia and New South Wales.
The yellow Serradella thrives in Central Europe as a neophyte in sandy locations , fallow land and pastures without waterlogging . It is a federation character of the Mediterranean acidic therophyte corridors (Helianthemion guttati).
Taxonomy
Ornithopus compressus was first published in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , Volume 2, p. 744. The specific epithet compressus means compressed and refers to the legume. A homonym is Ornithopus compressus Sieber ex Steud. Published in Nomenclator Botanicus 2nd Edition, 10, 1841, p. 230. A synonym for Ornithopus compressus L. is Ornithopus scorpioides M.Bieb.
use
In the middle of the 20th century, the yellow serradella, like the pink serradella, was introduced to Australia as a cultivated plant . In the 80s it found a certain spread for green manure . Since Serradella was further bred in the early 21st century, it has been used there more frequently than the yellow.
The cultivation of Ornithopus compressus on pastures in central Chile is being researched.
swell
- Flora Vascular datasheet . (Sections Description and Distribution)
- John Frame: data sheet at FAO - Grassland Species .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Ornithopus compressus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 31, 2014.
- ↑ a b Flat-sleeved bird's foot. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b Amanda Spooner, 2007: data sheet at Western Australian Flora .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k data sheet of the Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i data sheet from Flora Vascular .
- ^ John Frame: data sheet at FAO - Grassland Species .
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 606.
- ^ Linnaeus scanned in at biodiversitylibrary.org in 1753 .
- ↑ a b Datasheet at LegumeWeb from the ILDIS - World Database of Legumes , Version 10.01., As of November 2005.
- ↑ a b Ornithopus compressus at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 31, 2014.
- ↑ Data sheet with photo by Günther Blaich.
- ↑ Serradella - a pasture legume for deep acid sands - FACT SHEET No: 62/00 - full text PDF ( memento of the original from March 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at Primary Industries and Regions SA (PIRSA) - a dynamic Government of South Australia agency ( Memento of the original from July 10, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Use of the species from the genus Ornithopus )
- ↑ Carlos M. Ovalle, Susana S. Arredondo, Oriella Y. Romero: Yellow serradella (Ornithopus compressus check for this species in other resources) and pink serradella (O. sativus): two new species of annual legumes for the Mediterranean climate zone of Chile. In: Agricultura Técnica , Volume 66, Issue 2, 2006, pp. 196-209.
- ↑ Alejandro del Pozo, Carlos Ovalle: Productivity and Persistence Of Yellow Serradela (Ornithopus compressus check for this species in other resources L.) and Biserrula (Biserrula pelecinus L.) in the Mediterranean Climate Region of Central Chile. In: Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research , Volume 69, Issue 3, 2009, pp. 340-349. Full text PDF.
literature
- Eduard Winkler : Complete Real Lexicon of Medicinisch-Pharmaceutischen Naturgeschichte and Rohwaarenkunde , Volume 2, 1842, S. 188.
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