Georg Heinrich Zincke

Georg Heinrich Zincke (n) (born September 27, 1692 in Altenroda , † August 15, 1769 in Braunschweig ) was a German lawyer, economist and minister at the courts in Weimar and Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel .

Live and act

Georg Heinrich Zincke (n), son of the local preacher of the same name, initially served as a simple soldier or NCO and became a French prisoner of war, from which he was able to escape. Only then did Zincke begin studying, initially from the end of 1709 in theology and philosophy at the University of Jena . After graduation, he went in 1714 to Erfurt , began to preach and teach, he studied from 1716 at the University of Halle jurisprudence and was 1720 in Erfurt a second time, this time to the Dr. jur., PhD. His first professional position was that of a lawyer in Halle (Saale) , where Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Zincken , the youngest of three sons , was born in 1729 as the youngest of three sons , later general auditor of the Brunswick troops in the American War of Independence . Zincke also gave his first lectures on cameralism here . Before Duke Ernst August I appointed him real court, government and senior consistorial advisor (= minister) in Weimar in 1732 , he was also in the service of Friedrich Wilhelm I of as “Royal Prussian Cammer Fiscal and Commissions Council” Prussia.

In 1734 or 1735 he was denounced by a competitor at the court - presumably wrongly - and an inquisition proceeding was initiated against him, which exonerated him on the main points of the indictment, but ended up with a life sentence. Georg Heinrich Zincke was pardoned in 1739, probably due to the intervention of Margrave Friedrich von Bayreuth , but was expelled - with the loss of his official title. After nine months of recovery at court in Saalfeld (Saale) at the invitation of Duke Christian Ernst of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld , he planned to accept a teaching post in St. Petersburg . On the way there, academic friends persuaded him to stay in Leipzig in 1740 , where he received a teaching position at the University of Leipzig in the newly founded subject of camera sciences and also began lecturing at the law faculty.

In Leipzig, Zincke intensified his journalistic activities. Since he did not consider the present textbooks of cameral science to be sufficient, he himself wrote a first “basic outline of an introduction to the cameral sciences”, published in 1742, in which he developed principles for teaching in “high schools”. In the same year, Zincke began to publish a periodical on economics, the "Leipzig collections of business = Policey = Cammer = and Finantz = things". At the end of 1745 he left Leipzig and followed the call of Duke Charles I , who appointed him real court and chamber councilor (= minister) in the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , as well as professor of law and assessor of the law faculty at the University of Helmstedt . In February 1746 Zincke was beyond the Board of Trustees at the newly founded in Brunswick Collegium Carolinum ordered and was appointed professor of here Kameral- and Polizeywissenschaften .

Zincke systematized and made scientific the still young subject of camera sciences and is therefore one of the earliest economists in Germany. In his authoritative for cameralistics of the 18th century "Camera List Library", published 1751/52 in Leipzig, divided Georg Heinrich Zincke the economics in the "General Oeconomic" that deals with the theoretical consideration of the "general rules of husbandry" and the "Special-Oeconomic", which examines the individual economic areas in detail. Zincke's system of "classes of economic matters" gave a good insight into the diversity of camera science. The "beginnings of cameral science" from 1755 were a first attempt to systematically summarize the teachings of cameralism or to justify them as a science - beyond mere practical instructions - and were among the first work in Germany to deal with the problems of a " business administration " argued. Georg Heinrich Zincke stayed at the Collegium Carolinum until his death in 1769 and was also entrusted with the supervision of various mercantile institutions on behalf of the Princely Chamber, such as mulberry tree cultivation and silk making.

Works (selection)

• General economic lexicon; Therein not only the art-words and explanations of those things, which are partly in the economy in general, partly in particular in a complete agriculture and housekeeping of arable, field, wood, hops, fruit, wine and gardening, meadow wax, fishing, hunting , Beer brewery, Brantweinbrennerey, cattle breeding, yes also all of them to know about the city economy in general, same what next about the construction industry with the construction of whole economic buildings, as well as of machines, instruments and tools, or other daily chores in the house, Kitchen and cellar tend to appear, And what belongs to the policey and cammer essence of the economy, described in the most succinct can be found…. Leipzig 1731; ( Digitized version ) 1764 edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf .
• Basic sketch of an introduction to those cameral sciences. Part 1, Leipzig 1742.
• Teutsches Real, Manufactur and Handwercks Lexicon. Part 1, A – F, Leipzig 1745.
• (Ed.): Curieuses and real nature, art, mountain, trade and action lexicon. Leipzig 1746 (extended new edition of Paul Jacob Marperger's lexicon of the same title, Leipzig 1712, with a preface by Johann Huebner ).
• Cameralists library. Parts 1–4, Leipzig 1751–1752.
• Lessons in silk making. Wolfenbüttel 1753.
• Beginnings of cameral science. Wherein the ground plan will be further developed and improved. Leipzig 1755.
• (Hrsg.): Leipzig collections of economic = Policey = Cammer = and Finantz = things. Leipzig 1742–1761 / 67.

literature

• Paul Zimmermann :  Zincke, Georg Heinrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 45, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1900, pp. 313-315.
• Peter Albrecht: Zincke, Georg Heinrich. In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Dieter Lent et al. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 758-759 .

Web links

• Literature by and about Georg Heinrich Zincke in the catalog of the German National Library
• Georg Heinrich Zincke in the professorial catalog of the University of Leipzig