Georg Scheder

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Georg Scheder - from 1906 Georg Scheder-Bieschin - (born April 19, 1853 in Schweidnitz , Silesia , † June 10, 1938 in Kiel ) was a German naval officer . In the Venezuela crisis he was head of the East American cruiser division .

Service until 1902

Career

Scheder joined the Navy of the North German Confederation on May 2, 1870 as a cadet in Crew 70 . He completed his nautical training on Niobe , Hela , Prussian Eagle and Renown . Until his first own command in 1894, he worked in various functions, including as a teacher for cabin boys on the Renown and in the II. Sailor Division. He was an officer on watch on various smaller units. He became first officer in 1879 on the gunboat Comet . In 1883/84 and 1885/86 he was in the 1st and 2nd Coetus at the Naval Academy and School (Kiel) . He carried out his longest continuous official activity from October 1, 1890 to February 1894, as a department head in the Reichsmarineamt .

From April 1894 to October 1895, Scheder was in command of the small cruiser Bussard , which served as a station ship for the Imperial Navy in the South Pacific . At the same time he was the station's senior officer. In June 1894 Scheder was involved in the suppression of unrest on the island of Upolu near Samoa . In August he took part in the suppression of an uprising in Samoa; Buzzard , falcon and the British corvette Curaçao jointly deployed a landing corps and took the rebels' artillery positions under fire.

After returning from Australia , Scheder served from December 1895 to April 1898 with the High Command of the Navy . In May 1898 he took over command of the Panzer Corvette Bavaria , which he held until February 1900. During this time the Bavaria was temporarily the flagship of the 1st Squadron under Vice Admiral August von Thomsen . In the spring maneuvers in 1899, up Lisbon led, wrecked the Bayern in the North Sea ; the damage was repaired in Wilhelmshaven . Scheder was their last commandant; the ship was probably decommissioned on February 12, 1900.

On February 13, 1900, Scheder took over command of the test drives of the liner Kaiser Wilhelm II , which was the first unit of the Imperial Navy to be specially designed as a naval flagship. From September 1900 to July 1902 he was chief of staff at the North Sea naval station .

Venezuela blockade

On August 25, 1902, Scheder took command of the great cruiser Vineta in Newport News at the East American station of the Imperial Navy, which covered the east coast of America from Canada to Cape Horn . As the station's senior officer, Scheder became a key military figure in the Venezuela blockade. On December 16, 1902, the highest cabinet order established the East American Cruiser Division, which was directly subordinate to Kaiser Wilhelm II and whose Commodore Scheder was. On December 20, the so-called mobile state was ordered, whereby the German Reich and Venezuela were de facto at war .

After the blockade was lifted on February 15, 1903, the cruiser division remained. In November 1903 as commander of Vineta by Ludwig von Schröder replaced, returned Scheder back to Germany.

Service until 1918

After returning from the Caribbean Sea , Scheder was appointed inspector of the Second Marine Inspection in December 1903 until June 1904. On (Emperor's birthday) he was promoted to Rear Admiral. From June 1904 to January 1906 he was chief shipyard director of the Kaiserliche Werft Kiel .

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On January 6, 1906, he was appointed to the service. In 1907/08, on behalf of the Navy Cabinet, he created an extensive military-scientific study on the Venezuela blockade entitled Elaboration on the Venezuela Blockade by the former commodore of the cruiser division, Scheder . The draft consists of several hundred pages and also includes sketches, drawings and photos. According to his own statements, the relevant files of the Admiralty's staff , almost all of which were still handwritten, were available for his study , as well as private diaries, newspapers and general literature on Venezuela. To date, the purpose of the study is unclear. Possibly the Navy Cabinet was planning a publication analogous to the works of the General Staff on the Herero and Nama uprising in German South West Africa ; perhaps the work was also intended as a matrix for future interventions by the Imperial Navy overseas. To this day, Scheder's elaboration is the most detailed representation of the military processes of the blockade.

After the outbreak of World War I , Scheder-Bieschin was reactivated and was a member from August 1914 to June 1916, and from July 1916 to November 9, 1918 Reich Commissioner at the Kiel Prize Court . He is believed to have retired immediately after the Compiègne armistice . Nothing is known about his further life. Obviously, however, he was neither politically nor journalistic. In 1927 he published an essay on the Venezuelablockade in the Marine-Rundschau , based on his draft for the Navy Cabinet.

progeny

Scheder had sons Max Scheder and Felix Scheder-Bieschin , who served as ensigns in the Imperial Navy during the First World War . The sailor Felix Scheder-Bieschin (entrepreneur, 1929) is a grandson.

literature

  • Scheder, Georg in: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 17. Leipzig 1909, p. 718. ( digitized at zeno.org)
  • Keyword: Rear Admiral Georg Scheder (-Bieschin) , in: Hans H. Hildebrand, Albert Röhr, Hans-Otto Steinmetz: The German warships. Biographies - a mirror of naval history from 1815 to the present , Ratingen o. J. [1984] (One-volume reprint of the seven-volume original edition, Herford 1979 ff.,) Vol. VI, p. 33.
  • Entry Großer Kreuzer Vineta , in: ibid., Vol. 6, pp. 32–35.
  • Entry by Georg Scheder , in: Hans H. Hildebrand, Ernest Henriot: German Admirals 1849–1945. The military careers of naval, engineering, medical, weapons and administrative officers in the admiral rank , Vol. 3: P – Z, Osnabrück 1990, pp. 192–194.
  • Ragnhild Fiebig-von Hase: Latin America as a focus of conflict in German-American relations 1890–1903. From the beginning of the Pan-American policy to the Venezuelan crisis of 1902/03 , 2 vols., Göttingen 1986.
  • Kontreadmiral z. D. Scheder-Bieschin: The blockade of Venezuela 1902/03. A memorial sheet after 25 years (with 6 pictures and 1 map) , in: Marine-Rundschau, Vol. 32 (1927), pp. 542–558.
  • Elaboration on the Venezuela blockade by the former commodore of the cruiser division, Scheder ; Federal Archives-Military Archives, signature BA-MA RM 2/1866.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Another date of birth April 16, 1853 in Horst Adler: Schweidnitz in 1938 (PDF; 387 kB), p. 30, accessed on March 1, 2013
  2. ↑ machines Written rough draft in the Federal Archives-Military Archives in stock RM 2/1866
personal data
SURNAME Scheder, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Scheder-Bieschin, Georg (name from 1906)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German naval officer
DATE OF BIRTH April 19, 1853
PLACE OF BIRTH Schweidnitz , Silesia
DATE OF DEATH June 10, 1938
Place of death Kiel