Giersberg Chapel

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Giersberg chapel and pilgrim restaurant
State 1880
State 1900

The Giersberg Chapel is a chapel dedicated to St. Mary on the Giersberg, a 464 m high hill in the village of Kirchzarten in the Dreisamtal east of Freiburg im Breisgau . It belongs to the Catholic parish of St. Gallus of the Dreisamtal pastoral care unit in the Neustadt deanery of the Archdiocese of Freiburg . The patronage is on September 8th ( birth of the Virgin Mary ).

The Kirchzarten pastor Franz Kern in particular did research on them.

history

The Kirchzartener wrote the early history in a bell inscription (see below) called Vogt Peter Busset (1685–1751). Then, at the beginning of the 18th century, a shepherd boy found a small picture of Mary in a tree cave. A pilgrimage began. In 1709 a wooden chapel was built in the forest about 250 m west of the current building. From 1729 she was looked after by brother Lorenz Rost . His real name is unknown, Lorenz Rost , he was probably named after St. Lawrence of Rome and his attribute, the rust on which the saint was burned. "A hermit on the Giersberg for more than 40 years, educated in wisdom and theology, ... allegedly based on the fatherland and the place of birth from Eichsfeld , a nobleman, a craftsman and a mysterious" he is named in the death note from 1770. Rost operated a new building for the chapel, also with his own funds. It was not erected in the forest, but on a free hill, its current location, with the facade facing north so that it could be seen from Kirchzarten and the opposite northern edge of the Dreisamtal. It was consecrated on November 24, 1738 by the Constance Auxiliary Bishop Franz Johann Anton von Sirgenstein . A “brothers house” was built next to the chapel.

Kirch Zartener were previously in the Bittwoche Monday on the Schauinsland by St. Trudpert , Tuesdays to Tender and Weiler , Wednesday after St. Margen and Fridays after Hinterzarten pulled so now came to the place of Hinterzarten the "New Sanctuary" on the Giersberg.

Anthony the Hermit (original facade sculpture in the parish hall)
Paulus von Thebes (original facade sculpture in the parish hall)

At the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, the chapel was threatened with annulment, first by the Austrian Josephinism , then by the Protestant Grand Duke of Baden . The community disagreed. In 1807 she argued historically, religiously and fiscal policy, then: “It is certainly not harmful, but rather useful, if the people in the country have places outside of the inns, bowling alleys and gaming tables, which they have during the Sundays and Feyer's celebrations can visit, and one such Orth is really the chapel on the Giersberg. A mild, philanthropic government will not, without urgent need, order the removal of the chapel, which is completely harmless in all respects, but will possibly be happy to leave this place of innocent joy to the inhabitants. " Dreisamtal: "And I say: The Giersberg remains!"

The chapel was repaired several times in the 19th century, for example when the storm tore off part of the roof in 1859. In 1895 the original onion dome was replaced by a neo-Gothic pointed tower, which was replaced by an onion dome in 1956. In 1951 the old brother house was closed and the pilgrim restaurant St. Laurentius with apartment and sacristy was built. In 1965, the road to Giersberg was paved and paved with the condition: "By expanding this road, Giersberg must not be opened for general motor vehicle traffic, as the dignity and tranquility of this place of pilgrimage must be preserved under all circumstances." 1972 to 1974 another restoration. A sidewalk was laid next to the driveway and the driving ban of 1965 was lifted. The most recent restoration took place in early 2013.

On March 3, 2013, the question was voted in Kirchzarten: "Should a training and competition sports facility for mountain bikers (bike arena) be set up on Giersberg / Bickenreute ?" 61.1% of those entitled to vote voted. 25.60% with “yes”, 35.28% with “no”. The quorum was reached, the referendum, rejection of the arena, was binding.

Access

A way of the cross begins at the foot of the Giersberg to the west of the chapel . The Freiburg sculptor Lorenz Wüst created the fourteen neo-Gothic stations at the end of the 19th century.

building

The chapel is a rectangular hall with a polygonal apse in the south, which is covered by a hollow vault with stitch caps . The rectangular portal, two small rectangular windows next to it, a large round-arched window above, two oculi and three figure niches open up in the northern facade . In the side walls, arched windows open up, three on the right and two on the left, and three elliptical oculi in the polygonal walls. The roof turret is crowned by an onion hood . The pilgrim restaurant toasts to the left. Inside, two wooden pillars support an organ gallery.

Furnishing

Inside towards the altar

Most of the altar and other sculptures were made by Matthias Faller and his workshop, the paintings by Johann Pfunner .

Facade sculptures

The sculptures on the north facade are concrete copies that the Freiburg contractor Heinrich Brenzinger had made “at the very last hour” in 1951; the originals made of wood are in the parish hall of St. Gallus. At the top, Maria immaculata , her head surrounded by stars, steps on a snake ( Rev 12,1  EU ) ( Gen 3,15  EU ). On the left is Antonius the Hermit with a dew stick, bell, a pig and the Antonite rope on his robe. On the right is Paul of Thebes in a robe made of palm leaves and the raven who provided him with the bread in his beak every day. Lorenz Rost regarded the two, the most famous of the early Christian hermits, like St. Laurence as his role models.

painting

Pfunner's ceiling paintings show in the middle in front, next to the choir, the Annunciation to Maria , where a peasant girl offers Maria a garland of flowers, then the Visitation of the Virgin , where the letters IHS light up on Maria's body . At the back, next to the entrance, the birth of Christ is shown; all light emanates from the child in the manger; on the right two young women are talking, one holding a basket with pigeons on her head. Pfunner signed the visitation "Johannes Pfunner Pxt". The five side shields show Saint Stephen in front on the left, Laurentius in front on the right, Sebastian with two arrows in his left hand further behind on the left, Rochus of Montpellier with a plague bump on his leg and an angel on the right, and finally Saint John in the back above the gallery Nepomuk , holding a tongue in his left hand, symbol of his refusal to break the confessional secret .

  • Pfunners ceiling painting

  • Annunciation to Mary

  • Visitation of the Virgin Mary

  • Birth of jesus

  • Pfunner's painting: side shields

  • Stephen

  • Laurentius

  • Sebastian

  • Rochus

  • Johannes Nepomuk

Sculptures of the interior

In the altar, four columns with Corinthian capitals support arches from which carved curtains fall. Angels are enthroned on the side arches, the one on the left with a trumpet, the one on the right with a crown. In front of the middle of the three oculi, a silver circle of clouds symbolizes the sky. Here a little angel has a Marian monogram on its head and wings. Between the central pillars, golden rays in front of more silver clouds surround the miraculous image clad in a brocade cloak in the tree hollow; allegedly the tree trunk and miraculous image are largely identical to those from the beginning of the 18th century. The Madonna and Child is 27 cm high without the crown, "rustic art". Two putti are playing in the root area of ​​the tree trunk. To the side of the outer columns are first reliquaries , then on the left John the Baptist in a robe made of camel hair and a cross staff with the banner "ECCE AGNUS DEI - See the Lamb of God" in his right hand, on the right John the Evangelist with his writing tool, a quill pen, in the left hand.

altar
Inside towards the entrance with organ

On the consoles on the walls, as if painted on the ceiling by Pfunner on the shields next to the altar, carved here by Faller and his workshop, on the left Stephanus with seven stones in his hand and on the right Laurentius with the grate.

On the left wall hangs a large crucifix, dated before 1420, which originally hung in the choir arch of the parish church of St. Gallus, and there is a group of Anna Selbdritt , around 1500. On the right wall there is a Pietà , a copy of Matthias Faller's Pietà the parish church of St. Jakobus (Stegen-Eschbach) .

organ

The organ from 1992 comes from the Waldkircher organ builder Jäger & Brommer . The two putti are again copies of originals by Matthias Faller from the church of the former St. Peter monastery in the Black Forest .

Bells

Two bronze bells hang in the church tower. The older Ave bell was cast by Hans Heinrich Weitnauer II (baptized 1649, buried 1722) from Basel in 1711. It has a diameter of 420 mm, a height of 350 mm and sounds on the strike note b ″ -1. One label names the two donors: "GOT ZV EHREN LAST ME GIESEN HER PETER / POVSSET UOGT ZV KIRCHZAHRTEN DAVIT HAVSER / CAPELN PFLÄGER," a second the bell founder: "HANS HEINRICH / WEITNAVER GOSS / ME IN BASSEL / 1711." has two flank reliefs, a crucifixion group with Jerusalem in the background and a crowned Mother of God on a crescent moon in a halo. A younger bell was cast in 1928.

Both bells had to be given in during the Second World War . The one from 1711 was found at a meeting point in Hamburg after the war and has been serving in the chapel again since November 10, 1946. The one from 1928 has disappeared. It was replaced in 1950 by one donated by the Wiederlehof farmer Heinrich Gremmelspacher and manufactured by the Grüninger bell foundry from Villingen . It sounds on the strike note g ″ -1 and bears the inscription "NOS CUM PROLE PIA BENEDICAT VIRGO MARIA - Donated by Heinrich Gremmelspacher in Burg 1950".

The bell has been electrified since 1973.

reception

The chapel is "one of the most charming and most visited Marian shrines in Breisgau ."

The community wrote in 1807: “[The chapel] is a very simple monument, ... is far from all pomp and noise, only attracts admirers from their immediate surroundings, but is dear to all who are not callous , just invite the friends of noiseless devotion or the beautiful nature to you, in order to quietly open one of these joys or both at the same time. "

Otto von Eisengren wrote in the magazine Schau-ins-Land in 1880 : “How beautiful it is on the friendly hill with its wonderful panoramic view, where it reminds us of Uhland's beautiful words :

'Above is the chapel,
Look quietly down into the valley,
Downstairs sings with Wies and Quelle
Happy and bright the shepherd boy. '

Wherever the eye looks, fresh meadows on which herds cavort, farms scattered and half-covered by picturesque groups of trees, where a foaming forest stream rushes past, light yellow cornfields. "

A woman from the church said in 1988 to Franz Kern: “D'Mueder ihri schenschde songs were: 'Flowers bloom' and 'Bless you Maria!' That was her s'Hegschde. When I think about it, she is often with us uff de Gierschberg on Sundays, Normiddag! I am in Kabelle and have my hands and sung. Deno het d'Mueder: 'Now it's easier for me again.' "

literature

  • Manfred Hermann , Franz Kern: Kirchzarten. Parish Church of St. Gallus. 4th edition. Schnell und Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 1999.
  • Franz Kern: The Giersberg. The Marian shrine of the Dreisamtal. Schillinger-Verlag, Freiburg im Breisgau 1989, ISBN 3-7954-4794-1 .
  • Johanna Pölzl: The Giersberg - Kirchzarten's gem. Self-published, Kirchzarten 2013.
  • Max Weber: The Giersberg and its pilgrimage. In: History of the parish of Kirchzarten. Supplementary volume to Günther Haselier (Ed.): Kirchzarten. Geography - past - present. Self-published by the Kirchzarten community in 1967, pp. 241–256.
  • Dagmar Zimdars (arrangement): Georg Dehio. Handbook of German Art Monuments, Baden-Württemberg II. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-422-03030-1 , p. 349.

Web links

Commons : Giersbergkapelle  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kern 1989, p. 65.
  2. ↑ Kern 1989, pp. 62-64.
  3. ↑ Weber 1967, p. 253.
  4. ↑ Kern 1989, p. 91.
  5. ^ Giersberg chapel is being renovated In: Badische Zeitung , January 21, 2013, accessed on July 8, 2013.
  6. ↑ Press release of March 4, 2013 Archived copy ( memento of the original of January 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved July 9, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dreisamportal.de
  7. ↑ Giersberg-Kreuzweg over 100 years old. In: Freiburg-Dreisamtal website , accessed on July 12, 2013.
  8. ↑ Kern 1989, p. 89.
  9. ↑ Klaus Starke: The meeting of Antonius and Paulus in eleven hundred years of fine art. In: Antoniter Forum . 2005; Issue 13, pp. 7-65.
  10. ↑ Kern 1989, p. 20.
  11. ↑ Zimdars 1997.
  12. ^ Sigrid Thurm: German Bell Atlas , Volume 4: Baden . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-422-00557-9 , p. 234, no.224.
  13. ↑ according to Kern 1989 "Maria with the child love give us all your blessing."
  14. ↑ BELL SOUND: The Ave bell greets the mountain In: Badische Zeitung , December 5th 2009, accessed July 14, 2013; Archdiocese of Freiburg: Bells of the Giersberg chapel
  15. ↑ Pfarramt Kirchzarten (actually Manfred Hermann): Parish Church St. Gallus Kirchzarten. 2nd Edition. Verlag Schnell and Steiner, Munich and Zurich 1983, p. 23.
  16. ↑ Kern 1989, p. 62
  17. ^ Otto von Eisengren: An excursion into the Kirchzarter valley. In: Schau-ins-Land 7, 1880, pp. 76–94.
  18. ↑ Kern 1989, p. 98.
  19. ↑ Review: Thierry Feral: Johanna Pölzl: Le Giersberg - Joyau de Kirchzarten. Website of the Association Amoureux d'Art en Auvergne. ( Memento of the original from February 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 12, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.quatrea.com

Coordinates: 47 ° 57 ′ 26.7 "  N , 7 ° 57 ′ 56.8"  E