Gorse toadflax

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Gorse toadflax
Gorse toadflax (Linaria genistifolia) near Vienna

Gorse toadflax ( Linaria genistifolia ) near Vienna

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Plantain family (Plantaginaceae)
Genre : Flax ( Linaria )
Type : Gorse toadflax
Scientific name
Linaria genistifolia
( L. ) Mill.

The broom-Leinkraut ( Linaria genistifolia ), also Ginsterblättriges Leinkraut called, is a plant of the genus linaria ( Linaria ).

description

Vegetative characteristics

The gorse toadflax is a perennial herbaceous plant that usually reaches heights of 50 to 100 centimeters. The aboveground, non-generative parts of the plant are strongly bluish-green frosted and bare. The upright stem is alternately leafed. The undivided, (egg) lanceolate leaves are usually 5 to 15 millimeters wide, clipped at the base and have 3 to 5 veins .

Generative characteristics

The flowering time in Central Europe extends from June to mid- October . The inflorescence is a loose, 5- to 20-flowered, often branched grape . The zygomorphic flowers consist of a calyx and a crown that clearly towers above it . The yellow, fused-leaf, two-lipped crown has a long spur at the base and measures between 12 and 20 millimeters together with the spur. The crown throat is completely closed by a bulging bulge of the lower lip of the crown. The flower has a top permanent ovary , a stylus and 4 fertile stamens on. The capsule fruit is about as long as the sepals. The seed is sharp triangular and has no skin border.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 12.

ecology

The gorse toadflax is a hemicryptophyte .

Occurrence and endangerment

The gorse toadflax is native to Central , Eastern and Southeastern Europe as well as to Western and Central Asia , the Caucasus and Siberia . In German-speaking countries, the species is indigenous only in Austria ; in Germany it occurs as a neophyte .

The gorse toadflax grows on dry, gritty-sandy soils, especially in societies of the Convolvulo-Agropyrion or Dauco-Melilotion associations or in ruderally influenced dry grasslands.

In Austria, the gorse toadflax occurs frequently in the Pannonian region on semi-arid and dry lawns and rarely on gravel fields in the colline altitude . Outside the Pannonian, only very rare and inconsistent occurrences are known. The species is indigenous in the federal states of Vienna , Lower Austria and Burgenland ; there are inconsistent and local occurrences in Upper Austria and Carinthia and formerly in Salzburg .

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill. Subsp. genistifolia
  • Linaria genistifolia subsp. angustata (Wierzb.) Dostál : It occurs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
  • Linaria genistifolia subsp. artvinensis Davis : It occurs in Turkey.
  • Linaria genistifolia subsp. confertiflora (Boiss.) PH Davis : It occurs in Bulgaria and Turkey.
  • Dalmatian toadflax ( Linaria genistifolia subsp. Dalmatica (L.) Maire & Petitm. , Syn .: Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill.): It occurs in Italy, on the Balkan Peninsula, in Romania and the Middle East and is in Sweden and Central Europe a neophyte.
  • Linaria genistifolia subsp. euxina (Velen.) Delip. : It occurs in Bulgaria.
  • Linaria genistifolia subsp. polyclada (Fenzl) PH Davis : It occurs in Turkey.
  • Linaria genistifolia subsp. praealta (Boiss.) PH Davis : It occurs in Turkey.
  • Linaria genistifolia subsp. sofiana (Velen.) Chater & DA Webb : It occurs in Bulgaria and in the former Yugoslavia.

photos

  • The stem and the leaves are bluish-green frosted.

  • The inflorescence is a loose raceme with two-lipped, spurred flowers.

  • The sepals are as long as the capsule fruit.

  • The seeds are angular-triangular and without a skin border.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c d Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 738 .
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  830 .
  3. ↑ Linaria genistifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved July 15, 2013.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Entry at The Euro + Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity

literature

  • Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 738 .

Web links

Commons : Gorse Toadflax ( Linaria genistifolia )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files