Crown of fame
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Crown of Fame ( Gloriosa superba ) |
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The crown of fame ( Gloriosa superba ) is a type of plant from the timeless family (Colchicaceae). This climbing plant is widespread in the humid areas of the Paleotropic .
description
The crown of fame is a climbing, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 1.5 to 2 meters. The crown of fame survives the dry season as a geophyte with the help of thickened rhizomes as underground storage organs , which are also used for reproduction in horticulture. The stem arises from the rhizome. The stems can be branched in the upper part.
The shiny green, up to 15 centimeters long leaves run out at the end in a tendril-like appendage that the plants use to climb. If there is no suitable support nearby, the main axis remains lying down.
The 10 to 20 centimeter long flower stalks on which the flowers hang stand individually in the leaf axils . The hermaphrodite, largely radially symmetrical flower has a diameter of 10 to 20 centimeters. The six equally shaped bracts are variable in color from yellow to red and are narrow-lanceolate, pointed at the ends and wavy at the edge. After opening the bud, the bracts bend backwards. There are six stamens present, wherein the dust bag on long stamens are laterally and protruding downward from the flower. The stylus protrudes a short distance down from the flower and then kinks to the side.
Numerous, dark-colored seeds are embedded in the fleshy interior of the elongated to obovate capsule fruit .
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
use
The crown of fame is used as an ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical parks and gardens and is cultivated both as a container plant and as a cut flower.
It contains colchicine , the same toxin as the autumn crocus , and is therefore highly toxic. Gloriosa is grown for the commercial production of colchicine.
Spread and endangerment
Gloriosa superba is widespread in Southeast Asia , Malesia , southern and tropical Africa. It comes naturally in Sri Lanka , India , Nepal , Myanmar , Thailand , Cambodia , Laos , Vietnam , southern Yunnan , Malaysia , Indonesia , Ethiopia , Somalia , Sudan , Kenya , Tanzania , Uganda , Senegal , Mozambique , Botswana , Namibia , South Africa , Swaziland and Madagascar . In many areas of the tropics and subtropics it is a neophyte . It is rated in the Red List of South African Plant Species as “least concern” = “not endangered”.
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literature
- Ch.Grunert: The big flower bulb book , VEB Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag 1978, p. 126.
- A. Vinnersten: Tracing History. Phylogenetic, Taxonomix, and Biogeographic Research in the Colchicum Family. Acta Universitatis Uppsalensis, 2003. Online (Retrieved August 15, 2007)
Individual evidence
- ^ Tropicos. [1]
- ↑ Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 (therein pages 408).
- ↑ Gloriosa superba in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved March 19, 2013 ..
- ↑ Gloriosa superba - data sheet at Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk = PIER. last accessed on March 19, 2013
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Gloriosa superba. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved June 29, 2018.
- ↑ Entry in the Red List of South African Plants . last accessed on March 19, 2013 .
Web links
- Gloriosa superba in U. Brunken, M. Schmidt, S. Dressler, T. Janssen, A. Thiombiano, & G. Zizka: West African plants - A Photo Guide . Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt / Main 2008.
- Gloriosa superba inthe IUCN 2013 Red List of Threatened Species . Posted by: Contu, S., 2008. Retrieved May 1, 2014.