Golmud
.png)
Golmud ( Chinese 格尔木 市 , Pinyin Gé'ěrmù shì , W.-G. Koerhmu ) is an independent city in the Haixi Autonomous District of the Mongols and Tibetans in the Chinese province of Qinghai .
Golmud has an area of 118,954.18 km². Officially, 123,460 km² are often given. The more precise figure (minus 4,505.82 km²) is due to improved measurements and a correction of the border with Tibet in the area of the greater municipality of Tanggulashan. Due to its large area, the city is also known as the "largest city in the world".
According to the latest information, approx. 270,000 inhabitants live in the administrative area of Golmud (almost the size of Greece) (resident population at the end of 2006). This corresponds to a population density of 2.27 inhabitants / km². However, over 90% of the population is urban; In other words, they concentrate on the 72 km² at most that make up the urban center. Here the population density is just below 3,500 inh. / Km², while for the greatest part of the area it only reaches about 0.23 inh. / Km². At the end of 2003 the population was officially given as 107,000 (only residents with main residence), at the end of 2004 as 175,000 (presumably the resident population was already meant here). In any case, Golmud has grown strongly in recent years - certainly also due to the completion of the railway line to Lhasa . At the end of 2006, only 9.8% of the population were ethnic minorities , mostly Tibetans , Mongols and Hui .
Golmud is isolated at an altitude of about 2,800 m in the central, southern area of the desert-like Qaidam Basin , between the Kunlun Shan Mountains and the Qarhan Salt Lake ( pinyin : Cha'erhan Yanhu ). There are a total of 20 salt lakes of various dimensions around the city center . The next larger towns are Lhasa (1,165 km away), Xining (781 km) and Dunhuang (524 km).
Golmud is China 's main supplier of potassium and magnesium salts . There are also oil and gas deposits .
Golmud has an airport and a train station. The city is on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Line , a 1,956 km long rail link that starts in Xining and ends in Lhasa . The Golmud-Lhasa section of 1,142 km was the last to be built and was the part of the route with the greatest technical effort. After five years of construction, the Lhasa Railway started operating on July 1, 2006.
Administrative structure
Due to the huge area of the administrative area of Golmud, the city government has set up three administrative committees below the county level (副 县级 行政 委员会), which are still above the municipal level. At the community level, Golmud is made up of five street districts, two large communities and two communities.
- Dongchengqu Administrative Committee (东城 区 行政 委员会 = eastern urban area), established by resolution of the provincial government on August 9, 2001, which was implemented on January 1, 2004; includes the eastern and southern urban area, area: 49,220.59 km², approx. 78,000 inhabitants (end of 2004):
- Street district Kunlunlu (昆仑 路 街道), 17 km², approx. 35,000 inhabitants, center, seat of the city government;
- Street district Huanghelu (黄河 路 街道), 29.5 km², approx. 32,000 inhabitants;
- Large community Dangla (唐古拉山 镇), 47,479.09 km² (to this day the area is often given as "over 57,000 km²"), approx. 9,000 inhabitants, of which over 60% are Tibetans, just under 2% Mongols; the community is separated from the rest of the Haixis administrative area directly on the northern border of Tibet;
- Municipality of Dagur (大 格勒 乡), 1,695 km², approx. 2,000 inhabitants, mostly Han ;
- Xichengqu Administrative Committee (西 城区 行政 委员会 = western urban area), established by resolution of the provincial government on August 9, 2001, which was implemented on May 1, 2002; includes the western and northern urban area, area: 60,741.09 km², approx. 87,000 inhabitants (end of 2004):
- Street district Jinfenglu (金峰 路 街道), 8.5 km², approx. 13,000 inhabitants;
- Street district Hexi (河西 街道), 8.5 km², approx. 22,000 inhabitants;
- Street district Xizanglu (西藏 路 街道), 8.5 km², approx. 44,000 inhabitants;
- Large community Golmud (郭 勒 木 德 镇), 26,198.47 km², approx. 6,000 inhabitants, predominantly Han , over 6% Mongols ;
- Municipality of Urtmorin (乌 图 美 仁 乡), 34,517.12 km², approx. 2,000 inhabitants, mainly Han, approx. 16% Mongols, over 8% Hui ;
- Qairhan Administrative Committee (察尔汗 行政 委员会), established by resolution of the provincial government on August 9, 2001 and implemented on May 1, 2002; includes the area of the salt lakes in the extreme north of the urban area, area: 8,992.5 km², approx. 10,000 inhabitants (end of 2004):
- Qairhan has no subdivisions at the community level.
Ethnic breakdown of the population of Golmud (2000)
The 2000 census counted 135,897 inhabitants in Golmud.
| Name of the people | Residents | proportion of |
|---|---|---|
| Han | 96,699 | 71.16% |
| Hui | 25,805 | 18.99% |
| Tibetans | 5,456 | 4.01% |
| Mongols | 2,856 | 2.1% |
| Salar | 1,608 | 1.18% |
| Do | 1,601 | 1.18% |
| Dongxiang | 821 | 0.6% |
| Kazakhs | 378 | 0.28% |
| Manju | 227 | 0.17% |
| Others | 445 | 0.33% |
Town twinning
 |
Kirjat Malʾachi ( Israel ), since June 25, 1997 |
Web links
Coordinates: 36 ° 24 ' N , 94 ° 54' E