Thank God David Hartmann
Gottlob David Hartmann (born September 2, 1752 in Roßwag ; died November 5, 1775 in Mitau ) was a German writer.
Life
Hartmann's father Israel Hartmann (1725–1806) was an orphan schoolmaster in Ludwigsburg and wished to train his son as a theologian. He therefore sent him to the monastery schools in Blaubeuren and Bebenhausen from 1767 to 1771 , after which Hartmann joined the Tübingen monastery , where he received his master's degree in 1773 and became friends with Johann Ludwig Huber , who lived there as a private citizen after his removal from office and imprisonment and whose biography resembled Hartmann's in some respects.
It had been shown early on that Hartmann's interests were more in philosophy and history than theology, but above all in literature, where he admired and revered Klopstock , Michael Denis and Karl Friedrich Kretschmann . He also exchanged extensive letters with Bodmer and Lavater in Zurich , whom he occasionally met personally on a trip to Zurich at the end of 1773. A portrait of Hartmann appeared in Lavater's Physiognomic Fragments . Lavater wrote:
“As imperfect as this picture may be, just as little of the dawning color, the witty, firm smile, the easily creative, finished spirit of the original; - It still has so much resemblance - great, firm, immobile strength, iron courage, proud contempt for the nonsense and the stupidity of others, noble persistence, feeling of expressing a deeply penetrating, clinging genius.
Such a face is so easy to specify; does not pick up anything fallen; does not reverently repeat what a master says; it stands and goes and works for itself! In and through yourself! Push to the right! on the left! forward - can never be pushed back! "
On the recommendation of the Swiss scholar Johann Georg Sulzers , whom Hartmann had got to know through Bodmer and Lavater, Duke Peter von Kurland appointed him professor of philosophy at the newly founded academic high school in Mitau in 1774. Of course, Hartmann was no longer able to develop any great effectiveness there, since he died on November 5, 1775 as a result of a "hot fever" at the age of only 23. He was buried on December 10th in the Trinity Church in Mitau.
In his scattered writings, which were collected and edited by Christian Jakob Wagenseil after his death , Hartmann shows himself to be an enthusiastic besinger of Württemberg patriots, including Huber and his defender Eberhard Friedrich von Gemmingen , with his patriotic songs , which he called Telynhard as bard, of him revered poets Denis ( Bard Sined ) and Kretschmann ( Bard Rhingulph ), admittedly today seem overloaded with Nordic mythological ornamentation. In 1879, Adolf Wohlwill relativized such shortcomings in the Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie with the words:
"But Hartmann compensates [...] with the lively expression of patriotic thinking, sometimes addressing the German emperor with words of admiration and admonition, sometimes scourging the misgovernment of unscrupulous despots, sometimes opposing the conquering French hereditary enemy with a proud national sense of self."
In his two volumes with “annual celebrations”, he treats the political events of the respective years in poetic form. Finally, best known is his writing Sophron, or the determination of the young man for this life , in which he critically dealt with the regulatory mechanisms at the Tübingen monastery and advocated the right of young people to follow their own genius.
Through his acquaintance with Elisabeth von der Recke and reading Werther, he finally changed in the last year of his life from a critic of Herder and Goethe to their ardent admirer.
Hartmann's letters to Bodmer, Lavater and others are now in the Zurich Central Library . A collection of correspondence between Hartmann and his parents and some poems by the 14-year-old is in the Ludwigsburg State Archives .
Works
- Sophron, or the young man's destiny for this life. Dedicated to Probst Spalding . Mitau 1773, edition Gotha 1779 .
- The feyers on the last evening of 1772. A poem. Leipzig 1773, digitized .
- The Feyer of 1771. To the genius of the years. From a youth in Swabia. Leipzig 1774, digitized .
- Literary letters to the public. Second and Third Paquet. Altenburg 1774 f., ZDB -ID 536875-3 (first package is from Gottlob Benedikt von Schirach ).
- With Philipp Ludwig Ammermüller and Christian Friedrich Daniel Schubart : The true priest / Pardon all but thyself. 1775, digitized .
- Hartmann's professor in Mitau, collected writings and with a message from his life. Edited by Christian Jakob Wagenseil . Gotha 1779, digitized .
literature
- Heinz Burkhardt: Thank God David Hartmann. Comet in the sky of the Storm and Drang time. The life of a Swabian philosopher, poet and theologian who died prematurely. IPa, Vaihingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-933486-73-8 .
- Karl Goedeke , Edmund Goetze: Outline of the history of German poetry from the sources. 3. Edition. Ehlermann, Leipzig 1916, Vol. 4, Section 1. p. 193 .
- Carola L. Gottzmann , Petra Hörner: Lexicon of the German-language literature of the Baltic States and St. Petersburg . De Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-019338-1 , p. 542-544 .
- Georg Himmelträger : Lavater, the Hartmanns and an unknown drawing by Nicolas Guibal. In: Zeitschrift für Württembergische Landesgeschichte 64 (2005), pp. 199–210.
- Markus Knecht: Hartmann, Gottlob David, also: Telynhard. In: Wilhelm Kühlmann (Ed.): Killy Literature Lexicon . Authors and works from the German-speaking cultural area. 2., completely revised Ed. De Gruyter, Berlin 2009, vol. 5, p. 44.
- Wilhelm Lang: Goethe and David Hartmann. In: Goethe Jahrbuch 9 (1888), pp. 128-134.
- Wilhelm Lang: Thank God David Hartmann. A picture of life from the Sturm und Drang times. Stuttgart 1890.
- Adolf Wohlwill : Hartmann, Thank God David . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 10, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, p. 683 f.
Web links
- Literature by and about Gottlob David Hartmann in the catalog of the German National Library
- Baltic Historical Commission (ed.): Entry to Gottlob David Hartmann. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
- Gottlob David Hartman in the digital portrait index
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sometimes Ludwigsburg is also given as the place of birth.
- ^ Adolf Wohlwill: Huber, Johann Ludwig . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, pp. 232-234.
- ^ Johann Caspar Lavater: Physiognomic fragments for the promotion of human knowledge and love for people. Leipzig 1775, vol. 1, p. 258, digitized .
- ↑ Cf. Johann Georg Sulzer: Draft of the establishment of the Gymnasii Academici newly founded by Sr. Hochfürstlichen Highness the Duke of Curland in Mitau. Mitau 1773 a. 1774.
- ↑ Finding aid PL 701: Estate Israel Hartmann, orphanage schoolmaster in Ludwigsburg (1725–1806) 2. Thank God David Hartmann and the Mitauer Kreis
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hartmann, thank God David |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Telynhard (pseudonym) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German writer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 2, 1752 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rosswag |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 5, 1775 |
| Place of death | Mitau |