Evangelical seminars in Maulbronn and Blaubeuren
Evangelical Seminary Maulbronn | |
---|---|
type of school | Old-language grammar school with boarding school |
founding | 1556 |
address |
Monastery courtyard 12–17 |
place | Maulbronn |
country | Baden-Württemberg |
Country | Germany |
Coordinates | 49 ° 0 '5 " N , 8 ° 48' 46" E |
carrier | Evangelical Church in Württemberg |
student | Max. about 100 students |
management | Ephorus Gerhard Keitel |
Website | www.seminar-maulbronn.de |
Evangelical Seminary Blaubeuren | |
---|---|
type of school | Old-language grammar school with boarding school |
founding | 1556 or 1817 |
address |
Monastery courtyard 2 |
place | Blaubeuren |
country | Baden-Württemberg |
Country | Germany |
Coordinates | 48 ° 24'55 " N , 9 ° 47'5" E |
carrier | Evangelical Church in Württemberg |
student | Max. about 100 students |
Teachers | 15 teachers |
management | Ephorus Pastor Dr. Henning Pleitner |
Website | www.seminar-blaubeuren.de |
The Evangelical Seminars in Maulbronn and Blaubeuren are old-language grammar schools for grades 9 to 12 with Evangelical boarding schools in the tradition of the Württemberg monastery schools . They are joint institutions of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg and the State of Baden-Württemberg . Up until 1975 and 1977, this also included the Protestant seminars in Schöntal Abbey and in Urach . The school has been open to girls since 1969.
The legal basis for joint sponsorship and co-financing by the state and the seminar foundation are, in addition to the law on the Evangelical Church Treaty Baden-Württemberg and the Roman Catholic Church Agreement Baden-Württemberg from 2008, various Württemberg laws and agreements with the Evangelical Church from the 1920s ( lower evangelical theological seminars) .
history
The seminars were founded in 1556 as Protestant monastery schools by the monastery order of Duke Christoph von Württemberg and transferred in March 1928 to a foundation jointly supported by church and state. They are the last two of the original 13 monastery schools that Duke Christoph set up in all Wuerttemberg male monasteries in order to enable talented boys - regardless of the status and wealth of the family - a first-class education and thus an educational elite in his country, which is not blessed with other riches, the so-called honesty . The further training path after the seminar usually led to studies at the Tübingen monastery .
Comparable schools were founded during the Reformation in Saxony with the princely schools in Schulpforta (1543) near Naumburg, St. Afra (1543) in Meißen, St. Augustin (1550) in Grimma or in Thuringia with the Roßleben monastery school (1554). In the Württemberg schools, however, in addition to a thorough academic education, the monastic tradition was more strongly emphasized, for example by keeping the hourly prayers .
The original 13 monastery schools in Württemberg included:
- Adelberg , 1556-1648
- Alpirsbach , 1556–1594
- Anhausen , 1556-1584. The pin Herbrechtingen had no school, but took part from 1556 to Anhausen.
- Bebenhausen 1556–1807, (moved to Maulbronn)
- Blaubeuren , 1556–1810 (moved to Schöntal), 1817 (reopened) until today
- Denkendorf , 1556-1807
- Herrenalb , 1556–1594
- Hirsau , 1556-1692
- Königsbronn , 1556–1595
- Lorch , 1556-1583
- Maulbronn , 1556 until today
- Murrhardt , 1556-1594
- St. Georgen , 1556–1594
At the beginning of the 19th century the monastery schools were reorganized in the course of the new humanist reforms and set up as humanistic grammar schools under the name of seminars . Of the old monastery schools, only the school in Maulbronn survived this process. Blaubeuren was initially closed and reopened in 1817. A new addition was Schöntal (1810-1975) and Urach (1818-1977).
Since 1975, classes 9 and 10 were housed in Maulbronn Monastery. Grades 11 to 13 were taught in the Blaubeuren monastery, partly in cooperation with the Blaubeuren grammar school. This change of location was no longer adhered to after the introduction of the eight-year grammar school ( G8 ) in Baden-Württemberg from the 2008/2009 school year. Instead, there are two independent schools, each teaching grades 9 to 12 and each with its own focus. As a result of the independence, extensive investments were made in both seminars in the locations within the historical building fabric.
Features of today's seminars
Common features of today's seminars are the orientation towards the Christian faith, the small number of pupils, the familiar coexistence of teachers and pupils through locally neighboring living and living and humanistic education . In both seminars, emphasis is placed on musical activity, especially in Maulbronn it is an important part of the school profile. Accordingly, a variety of possibilities are offered, and attendance at the choir is sometimes mandatory. In general, a high level of instruction is aimed for.
The focus in Maulbronn is on both old (Latin and classical Greek) and new languages (English, French), theology, music and European cultural tradition. In addition to numerous choir and orchestral projects, the seminar offers class / course level trips to strengthen community and personality.
The focus in Blaubeuren is on old and new languages (Greek, Latin, Hebrew, French, English), the European Abitur, interdisciplinary work in the seminar course (topics 2012: “What is happiness?”, 2013: “Time”, 2014: “Egoism and altruism ", 2015:" Pain ", 2017:" Resonanz ", 2018:" Nature "), religion and personality education (theater, music, sailing leisure, climbing course, compassion project , participation in competitions).
Boarding school
All students of the seminars live in the boarding school of the respective seminar, there are no external students. Every other weekend and during the holidays, all students have to go home. In the seminar there is a conscious spiritual life and, depending on the season, an extensive musical life, numerous working groups are maintained by the students. In matters relating to the boarding school area, the pupils enjoy a large say through their representatives in key committees. There are several z. Sometimes organized excursions lasting several days (e.g. Greece, Rome, Berlin, memorial tours). The supervision in the boarding school area is usually carried out by the teachers.
school
The seminars are state high schools in the state of Baden-Württemberg. The majority of the teachers are in the civil service, alongside pastors and church musicians as teachers at the seminary. The lesson table and the curriculum correspond to the requirements of the Ministry of Culture for old and new language high schools, the qualification is the general high school diploma (and other certificates such as DELF diplomas, the church music C examination and others). Third foreign language is for all students from the time they enter the Classical Greek seminar . The "brought along" languages are English and Latin or French. Which language was started in which class is not decisive. Participation in Protestant religious instruction is compulsory.
Landexamen (entrance examination)
Since the seminars were founded, passing the so-called state exam has been a prerequisite for receiving a full scholarship for a stay at the seminar. Only in the Landexamina between 1980 and 2004 was the school part of the three to four-day examination waived if candidates could prove a certain average grade. This is no longer the case today.
All Protestant pupils in the eighth grade of a grammar school, in individual cases also from other types of schools, can take part in the state examination and be accepted into a seminar. The prerequisite is baptism and confirmation or registration for this. In addition to the school examination, the social suitability of the candidates for the seminar should also be determined during the state examination. The subjects of mathematics, German and English are examined in writing and the subject of Protestant religion orally. A presentation exam in Latin, French, music (e.g. foreplay) or history is also part of the exam; You can decide yourself in which subject the presentation exam takes place. A maximum of 25 students per seminar are accepted per year.
costs
Upon passing the state exam, the seminarians receive a full or partial grant from the state and the Evangelical Church.
- Full scholarship:
Up to 18 students per seminar and year can receive a full scholarship. The monthly costs are 250 euros. Families who find it difficult to raise this amount can be supported in the 9th grade by the Evangelical Seminar Foundation.
- Partial grant:
Another 7 students per seminar and year can receive a partial scholarship. The monthly amount depends on the parents' income.
In both cases, students can apply for BAföG from the 10th grade , which is paid as non-refundable support.
Former seminarians
Many of the students in the evangelical seminaries took up the profession of pastor, teacher or a scientific activity; however, a look at the list of alumni reveals a wide range of activities and professions.
Famous personalities who attended the monastery school or the evangelical seminar:
- Hartwig Altenmüller (Maulbronn / Blaubeuren, 1953–1957), Egyptologist.
- Adolf Bacmeister (Blaubeuren, 1841–1845), Germanist and writer.
- Karl Wilhelm Friedrich von Breyer (Blaubeuren, until 1789), historian and university professor
- Reinhard Breymayer (Maulbronn / Blaubeuren, 1959–1963), philologist and pietism researcher.
- Adolf Friedrich Bonhöffer (Maulbronn, 1873–1875; Blaubeuren, 1875–1877), theologian, classical philologist and historian of philosophy.
- Hermann Fischer (1851–1920), Germanist, dialectologist and lexicographer, author of the Swabian dictionary .
- Johann Friedrich Gaab (1761–1832), theologian and university professor in Tübingen and general superintendent of Tübingen.
- Gerd Gaiser (Schöntal / Blaubeuren, 1922–1926), artist, writer.
- Albrecht Goes (Schöntal / Blaubeuren, 1922–1926), theologian, writer.
- Robert Gradmann , (Maulbronn, 1879–1881), botanist and geographer, professor in Erlangen, founder of the steppe theory, namesake of the Robert Gradmann Medal of the German Academy for Regional Studies.
- Klaus Harpprecht (Blaubeuren, 1945–1946) writer, journalist, speechwriter Willy Brandts, co-editor of the book series Die Andere Bibliothek .
- Hartmut Häussermann (Maulbronn / Blaubeuren, 1959–1963), urban sociologist.
- Wilhelm Hauff (Blaubeuren, 1817–1820), writer.
- Carl Friedrich Haug ("Zögling" in Maulbronn and Blaubeuren), theologian and university professor for universal history.
- Georg Herwegh (Maulbronn, 1831–1835), revolutionary poet of the Vormärz.
- Hermann Hesse (Maulbronn, 1891–1892), writer, Nobel Prize winner; processed his Maulbronn experiences in the novel Unterm Rad .
- Philipp Friedrich Hiller (Maulbronn, 1716–1719), pietistic pastor and song poet.
- August Hermann Hinderer (Maulbronn, 1891–1895), theologian and publicist. Director of the EPD ( Evangelical Press Association for Germany ) Berlin.
- Karl Friedrich Hipp (Maulbronn, before 1780), mathematician and educator.
- Christian Gottlob Ferdinand Ritter von Hochstetter (Maulbronn, 1829–1884), geographer, geologist and explorer, leader of the Novara expedition .
- Friedrich Hölderlin (Denkendorf / Maulbronn, 1784–1788), poet.
- Julius von Jan (Maulbronn / Blaubeuren, 1911–1914), theologian; Atonement sermon in 1938 against the rioting of the November pogrom.
- Johannes Kepler (Maulbronn, 1586–1589), theologian, natural philosopher, mathematician, astronomer, optician, discoverer of Kepler's laws .
- Justinus Kerner (Maulbronn, 1795–1797 private lessons from monastery students), doctor and writer, representative of the Swabian school of poets.
- Otto Kirn (Maulbronn / Blaubeuren, 1857–1911), German theologian and university professor.
- Karl Heinrich Köstlin (1755–1783), professor of natural history at the Hohen Karlsschule Stuttgart.
- Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb von Köstlin (Blaubeuren, 1797–1799), professor and Ephorus at the Evangelical Theological Seminary in Urach.
- Karl Reinhold von Köstlin (Blaubeuren, 1833–1837), theologian, aesthetician and literary historian.
- Hermann Kurz (Maulbronn, 1827–1831), writer.
- Maximilian Albert Landerer (Maulbronn, 1823–1827), theologian.
- Johann Christian von Majer (Denkendorf / Maulbronn), lawyer and university professor
- Georg Heinrich von Müller (1750–1820), theologian, university professor and general superintendent of Heilbronn.
- Friedrich Philipp Immanuel Niethammer (Denkendorf / Maulbronn, 1780–1784), neo-humanist philosopher, theologian and school reformer.
- Burkhard Nonnenmacher (* 1976), German Protestant theologian.
- Richard Ottmar (Maulbronn / Blaubeuren, 1903–1907), religion teacher and timetable expert.
- Johann Christian von Pfister (Denkendorf / Maulbronn, 1786–1790), historian and general superintendent of Tübingen.
- Karl Friedrich Reinhard (French: Charles Frédéric, comte Reinhard ) (Denkendorf / Maulbronn, 1774–1778), Peer of France, French diplomat, briefly Foreign Minister of France.
- Carl Heinrich Rösch (Blaubeuren, 1821–1825), doctor and social reformer, in 1847 founder of the " Heil- und Pflegeeanstalt Mariaberg " (today known as Mariaberg eV ).
- Christian Friedrich Rösler (Blaubeuren, 1751–1753), historian, clergyman and university professor
- Johann Eberhard Rösler (Blaubeuren, 1684–1686), philosopher and university professor
- Adelheid Ruck-Schröder (* 1966), theologian and director of studies at the preacher's seminary at Loccum Abbey .
- David Friedrich Strauss (Blaubeuren, 1821–1825), 1831 professorial administrator in Maulbronn, theologian, author of the book Das Leben Jesu .
- Friedrich Theodor Vischer (Blaubeuren, 1821–1825), repetent in Maulbronn in 1831, philosopher, professor of aesthetics, member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, member of the Frankfurt National Assembly .
- David Friedrich Weinland (Maulbronn, 1843–1847), zoologist and writer for young people ( Rulaman ).
- Gustav Werner (Maulbronn 1823–1827), theologian, founder of the Gustav Werner Foundation for the Brother House.
- Eduard Zeller (Maulbronn, 1827–1831), philosopher, theologian, professor in Bern, Marburg, Berlin.
- Jonathan Zenneck (Maulbronn / Blaubeuren, 1885–1889), physicist, radio pioneer, member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, holder of the Werner von Siemens Ring in 1956.
- Wilhelm Zimmermann (Blaubeuren, 1821–1825), theologian, poet, historian, member of the Frankfurt National Assembly .
Well-known teachers of the seminars:
- Karl Christian Planck , professor in Blaubeuren, 1879/1880 Ephorus in Maulbronn, natural philosopher.
- Eberhard Nestle , 1898 professor, 1912/1913 Ephorus in Maulbronn, theologian and orientalist, editor of the first text-critical edition of the Novum Testamentum Graece .
- Gustav Eugen Lang , Ephorus in Maulbronn, historian.
Monastery concerts
- The Maulbronn seminar organizes around 30 concerts per season, a summer music festival at an international level. The “Maulbronn Monastery Concerts” were brought into being in 1968 by church music director Martin Süße , who had been a music teacher at the seminary and cantor of the Maulbronn parish since 1945. Jürgen Budday was the artistic director of church music from 1979 to 2013 . Sebastian Eberhardt has been in this position as music teacher and director of the choir since 2013.
- In 2007, the Blaubeuren seminar also combined its previous concerts into its own monastery concert series, which has since started with a more detailed annual program as the “International Blaubeuren Monastery Concerts”. Ulrich Stierle was the artistic director. At one of the last concerts in November 2014 it was announced that the series would be discontinued.
Maulbronn Monastery - Spiritual Life (at the Maulbronn Evangelical Seminar)
Based on a resolution of the regional synod of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg, the project “Monastery for the People” was set up in the Maulbronn Monastery between 2002 and 2006. The aim of the project was to strengthen the spiritual charisma of the monastery. During the project period, numerous offers and events were developed and tested under the monastery pastor Klaus Hoof, which have proven to be useful. After the project has ended, the offers and events will be continued by the Evangelical Seminary, the Evangelical Church Community of Maulbronn, the monastery concerts, the Maulbronn monastery group and many volunteers from the previous project and coordinated by a secretary in the monastery rectory.
literature
- Reinhard Breymayer: Johann Christian Hiller and Justinus Kerner's cousin Johann Gottfried Mayer: two Maulbronn monastery professors of the young Hölderlin . In: Stuttgart works on German studies, No. 423, Heinz, Stuttgart 2004 [2005], ISBN 3-88099-428-5 . Pp. 111-142.
- Hermann Ehmer, Martin Klumpp, Ulrich Ott (eds.): Evangelical monastery schools and seminars in Württemberg 1556-2006. Learn - Grow - Live. Theiss, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-8062-2037-7 .
- Hermann Ehmer: From the monastery to the monastery school. The Reformation in Maulbronn . In: Maulbronn. On the 850-year history of the Cistercian monastery. Theiss, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-8062-1283-X . Pp. 59-82.
- Hermann Hesse : Under the wheel . 1906 (Newer edition: Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am M. 2002, ISBN 3-518-18834-8 ).
- Klaus Johann: Limit and stop: The individual in the “House of Rules”. On German-language boarding school literature (= contributions to recent literary history 201). Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 3-8253-1599-1 (especially pp. 104–117 on the history of the Württemberg monastery schools and their famous students as well as autobiographical and literary thematizations of the monastery schools, but also the entire chapter on Hesse's Unterm Rad , ibid. pp. 94-205).
- Royal Württemberg Evangelical Theological Seminar Maulbronn (Ed.): Program of the Royal Württemberg Evangelical Theological Seminar Maulbronn . Maulbronn 1855–1915 ( digitized version ) (years 1883–1889; 1897–1911; 1913–1915).
- Gustav Eugen Lang: History of the Wuerttemberg Monastery Schools. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1938.
- Association for Württemberg Church History in cooperation with the State Church Archive Stuttgart and the State Church Museum (ed.): The Württemberg Monastery Schools and Seminars / The Evangelical Theological Seminar Urach 1818–1977 . Ernst Franz, Metzingen 1991, ISBN 3-7722-0245-4 .
- Hansjörg Ziegler: Maulbronn heads. Found and known about former seminarians . Melchior, Vaihingen (now: Krüger, Maulbronn) 1987, ISBN 3-924275-13-0 .
Web links
- Website of the Maulbronn seminar
- Website of the Blaubeuren seminar
- Website of the monastery concerts in Maulbronn
- Website of the Förderverein Evangelische Seminare Württemberg eV
- Website of the seminar foundation
Individual evidence
- ↑ Evangelical Church Treaty Baden-Württemberg, Article 10
- ^ Monastery concerts
- ↑ Archive link ( memento of the original from January 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original dated May 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.